• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 1997

An experimental study was performed on the pull-out behavior of 90-deg standard hooks from exterior beam-column connections. The effects of the number of hooked bars of joint area were investigated. Under the pull-out action of hooked bars, the damage and cracking of joint area tends to be more extensive as the number of hooks pulling out from a joint increases. The pull-out strength and post-peak ductility of hooked bar are adversely influenced by the increase in number of hooks pulling out from an exterior joint. Current hooked bar anchorage design guidelines may be improved by considering the effect of the number of hooked bars on anchorage conditions at exterior joints.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2396-2402
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• 2012

최근 영구거푸집과 보강재 역할을 동시에 하는 FRP-콘크리트 합성부재에 관한 연구가 많이 진행되고 있으며, 일부에서는 실제 교량바닥판에 적용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 파괴실험으로 평가한 퍼포본드 FRP 콘크리트 합성보에 대해 비선형 유한요소해석 프로그램을 활용하여 검증해석을 실시하고, 이를 이용하여 FRP 보강재 형상에 따른 매개변수 해석을 수행하였다. 퍼포본드 FRP 보강재의 경우 다우웰 영향으로 내력이 증가하는 양상이 나타났고, 본 해석모델을 중심으로 판단하면 웨브의 높이를 고려하여 25~35mm 범위에서 구멍직경을 결정하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단된다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.895-905
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• 2022

Composite flooring systems consisting of cold-formed steel joists and reinforced concrete slabs offer an efficient, lightweight solution. However, utilisation of composite action to achieve enhanced strength and economical design has been limited. In this study, finite element modelling was utilised to create a three-dimensional model which was then validated against experimental results for a composite flooring system consisting of cold-formed steel joists, reinforced concrete slab and steel bolt shear connectors. This validated numerical model was then utilised to perform parametric studies on the performance of the structural system. The results from the parametric study demonstrate that increased thickness of the concrete slab and increased thickness of the cold formed steel beam resulted in higher moment capacity and stiffness of the composite flooring system. In addition, reducing the spacing of bolts and spacing of the cold formed steel beams both resulted in enhanced load capacity of the composite system. Increasing the concrete grade was also found to increase the moment capacity of the composite flooring system. Overall, the results show that an efficient, lightweight composite flooring system can be achieved and optimised by selecting suitable concrete slab thickness, cold formed beam thickness, bolt spacing, cold formed beam spacing and concrete grade.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2001

When a high-power laser beam is irradiated on the surface of material, it is well known that a cavity, called a keyhole induced by the pressure action of the vapor plume, is generated in the molten material. This paper describes the interaction between a pulsed CO$_2$ laser beam and water. The laser-beam is used to generate and maintain a conical depression in the water surface similar to the keyhole created during laser penetration welding. Experimental results show that the depth of laser-beam penetration is limited by hydrodynamic instability. The instability of the surface cavity can be understood by the capillary instability of a hollow jet. Theoretical computation of the steady keyhole shape has been performed. modifying the model suggested by Andrews et al. (1976). The model predicts the qualitative behavior of the keyhole but significantly underestimates the average diameter.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2007

A field emission electron gun including 3 electrodes including one cathode and two anodes is very important for high resolution electron microscope. To have functions to control the initially-emitted electron beam, two anodes act as an electrostatic lens according to equipotential lines by adjusting the spot size, intensity, and working distance. To verify the action of the electron beam by the electrostatic lens by changing several parameters such as electrode shape, displacement and applied voltage to the electrodes, the two lenses were design and simulated and then their performances were analyzed with angular beam intensity(distribution), electrical optic axis variation and their stability.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.613-625
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• 2016

Contact interaction of a beam (flexible element) with an elastic half-plane is considered, when a soft inhomogeneous (functionally graded) interlayer is present between them. The beam is bent under the action of a distributed load applied to the surface and a reaction of the elastic interlayer and the half-space. Solution of the contact problem is obtained for different values of thickness and parameters of inhomogeneity of the layer. The interlayer is assumed to be significantly softer than the underlying half-plane; case of 100 times difference in Young's moduli is considered as an example. The influence of the interlayer thickness and gradient of elastic properties on the distribution of the contact stresses under the beam is studied.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제16권2호통권69호
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• pp.225-233
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• 2004

일반적인 합성보는 콘크리트 슬래브와 H형강 철골보 사이에 작용하는 수평전단력을 쉬어 코넥터로 긴결하여 휨 내력 및 강성을 증가시킨 구조이다. 본 연구에서 제안한 TSC 구조는 H형강 대신 U형 철골을 사용하고 그 속에 콘크리트를 채운 새로운 형태의 합성보 시스템으로 실험을 통하여 구조특성을 평가 분석 하였다. 또한 실험결과를 통해 T형 합성보(이하 TSC 보라 칭함)의 구조설계 및 시공에 필요한 기초 자료를 제시하고자 한다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2023

In this paper, the bending performance of a MSFRHPC (containing steel fiber, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber, and CW)-reinforced beam was studied for the first time. Introducing a multiscale fiber system increased the first crack load (up to 150%), yield load (up to 50%), and peak load (up to 15%) of reinforced beams. The multiscale fiber system delays cracking of the reinforced beam, reduces crack width of the reinforced beam in normal use, and improves the durability of the beam. Considering yield load and peak load, the reinforcing effect of multiscale fiber on the high-reinforcement ratio beam (1.00%) is better than that on the low-reinforcement ratio beam (0.57%). Introducing fibers slowed the development of cracks in the reinforced beam under bending. With the added hybrid fiber, the deformation concentration of reinforced beams after yield was more significant with concentration in 1 or 2 cracks. A model for predicting the flexural capacity of MSFRHPC-reinforced beams was proposed, considering the action of multiscale hybrid fibers. This research is helpful for structure application of MSFRHPC-containing CW.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.367-386
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• 2006

This paper describes the results of a numerical investigation of the large deflection behaviour of steel beams under fire conditions, taking into consideration the effect of catenary action provided by the surrounding structures. The main focus is on the development, validation and application of a simplified calculation method that may be adopted in design calculations. Because no experimental result is available for validation of the simplified calculation method, the finite element program ABAQUS has been used to simulate the large deflection behaviour of a number of steel beams so as to provide alternative results for validation of the proposed method. Utilising catenary action has the potential of eliminating fire protection to all steel beams without causing structural failure in fire. However, practical application of catenary action will be restricted by concerns over large beam deflection causing integrity failure of the fire resistant compartment and additional cost of strengthening the connections and the surrounding structures to resist the catenary forces in the steel beams. This paper will provide a discussion on practical implications of utilising catenary action in steel beams as a means of eliminating fire protection. A number of examples will then be provided to illustrate the type of steel framed structure that could benefit the most from exploiting catenary action in fire resistant design.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.493-502
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 아직 설계법이 정립되지 않은 리브로 보강된 RBS 철골모멘트 접합부의 내진설계법을 등가 스트럿 모델에 의거하여 제시하였다. 종종 엔지니어가 리브를 사용하여 철골모멘트접합부의 내진성능을 높이고자 할 경우 고전 휨이론에 의거하여 리브와 보로 구성된 일체단면의 단면2차모멘트로서 그루브 용접부의 인장응력도 예측하려 하는데 이는 타당치 않다. 리브접합부의 응력전달 메커니즘은 고전 휨이론에 의한 메카니즘과는 전혀 다르다. 즉 리브는 고전 휨이론에 의한 기대와는 달리 리브의 대각선 기울기 방향으로 스트럿 거동을 보인다. 필자는 이 같은 점에 주목하여 리브를 스트럿 요소로 파악하여 리브 접합부의 설계에 활용될 수 있는 등가 스트럿 모델을 이미 제시한 바가 있다. 본 연구에서는 이 등가 스트럿 모델을 기초로 리브접합부의 실용설계에 활용될 수 있는 단계별 설계절차를 제안하였다.