• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.505-516
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop sign language interpreting content in the medical setting that facilitates Deaf people's access to medical services in situations where professional and accurate medical sign language interpreting is insufficient. To achieve the purpose of this study, we conducted a literature review, individual interviews for Deaf people, on-site requirement surveys of sign language interpreters and sign language experts, and medical and sign language expert consultations. Based on this, we developed sign language interpreting content such as main care contextual scenarios, basic medical terms, and medical term descriptions. Through this study, we developed medical sign language content considering the situation and medical importance of Deaf people to promote expertise in the medial sign language area and developed a responsive website of sign language medical dictionary that effectively and efficiently delivers information to Deaf people and sign language interpreters; we realized the need and importance of sign language translation for Deaf people to be the main bodies.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.325-330
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• 2022

This paper conducts the collection and experiment of datasets for deep learning research on sign language such as sign language recognition, sign language translation, and sign language segmentation for Korean sign language. There exist difficulties for deep learning research of sign language. First, it is difficult to recognize sign languages since they contain multiple modalities including hand movements, hand directions, and facial expressions. Second, it is the absence of training data to conduct deep learning research. Currently, KETI dataset is the only known dataset for Korean sign language for deep learning. Sign language datasets for deep learning research are classified into two categories: Isolated sign language and Continuous sign language. Although several foreign sign language datasets have been collected over time. they are also insufficient for deep learning research of sign language. Therefore, we attempted to collect a large-scale Korean sign language dataset and evaluate it using a baseline model named TSPNet which has the performance of SOTA in the field of sign language translation. The collected dataset consists of a total of 11,402 image and text. Our experimental result with the baseline model using the dataset shows BLEU-4 score 3.63, which would be used as a basic performance of a baseline model for Korean sign language dataset. We hope that our experience of collecting Korean sign language dataset helps facilitate further research directions on Korean sign language.

• BMB Reports
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2009

Replication Protein A (RPA) is a single stranded DNA-binding protein involved in DNA metabolic activities such as replication, repair, and recombination. RPA-Interacting Protein $\alpha$ ($RIP{\alpha}$) was originally identified as a nuclear transporter of RPA in Xenopus. The human $RIP{\alpha}$ gene encodes several splice isoforms, of which $hRIP{\alpha}$ and $hRIP{\beta}$ are the major translation products in vivo. However, limited information is available about the alternative splicing of $RIP{\alpha}$ in eukaryotes, apart from that in humans. In this study, we examined the alternative splicing of RIP{\alpha} in the Drosophila, Xenopus, and mouse system. We showed that the number of splice isoforms of RIP{\alpha} was species-specific, and displayed a tendency to increase in higher eukaryotes. Moreover, a mouse ortholog of $hRIP{\alpha}$, $mRIP{\beta}2$, was not SUMOylated, in contrast to $hRIP{\alpha}$. Based on these results, we suggest that the $RIP{\alpha}$ gene gains more splice isoforms and additional modifications after molecular evolution.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.424-432
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• 2020

The present study aimed to analyze the metaproteome of the microbial community comprising harmful algal bloom (HAB) in the Daechung reservoir, Korea. HAB samples located at GPS coordinates of 36°29'N latitude and 127°28'E longitude were harvested in October 2013. Microscopic observation of the HAB samples revealed red signals that were presumably caused by the autofluorescence of chlorophyll and phycocyanin in viable cyanobacteria. Metaproteomic analysis was performed by a gelbased shotgun proteomic method. Protein identification was conducted through a two-step analysis including a forward search strategy (FSS) (random search with the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Cyanobase, and Phytozome), and a subsequent reverse search strategy (RSS) (additional Cyanobase search with a decoy database). The total number of proteins identified by the two-step analysis (FSS and RSS) was 1.8-fold higher than that by one-step analysis (FSS only). A total of 194 proteins were assigned to 12 cyanobacterial species (99 mol%) and one green algae species (1 mol%). Among the species identified, the toxic microcystin-producing Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-843 (62.3%) species was the most dominant. The largest functional category was proteins belonging to the energy category (39%), followed by metabolism (15%), and translation (12%). This study will be a good reference for monitoring ecological variations at the meta-protein level of aquatic microalgae for understanding HAB.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.481-499
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• 2022

This study aims to determine the effects of D-methionine (D-Met) isomer and the methionine precursor 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid i (HMBi) supplementation on milk protein synthesis on immortalized bovine mammary epithelial cell (MAC-T). MAC-T cells were seeded using 10-cm dishes and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium/F12 (DMEM/F12) basic medium. The basic medium of DMEM/F12 was replaced with the lactogenic DMEM/ F12 differentiation medium when 90% of MAC-T cells reached confluency. The best dosage at 0.6 mM of D-Met and HMBi and incubation time at 72 h were used uniformly for all treatments. Each treatment was replicated six times wherein treatments were randomly assigned in a 6-well plate. Cell, medium, and total protein were determined using a bicinchoninic acid protein assay kit. Genes, proteomics and metabolomics analyses were also done to determine the mechanism of the milk protein synthesis pathway. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with supplement type and plate as fixed effects. The least significant difference test was used to evaluate the differences among treatments. The HMBi treatment group had the highest beta-casein and S6 kinase beta-1 (S6K1) mRNA gene expression levels. HMBi and D-Met treatments have higher gene expressions compared to the control group. In terms of medium protein content, HMBi had a higher medium protein quantity than the control although not significantly different from the D-Met group. HMBi supplementation stimulated the production of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit protein essential for protein translation initiation resulting in higher medium protein synthesis in the HMBi group than in the control group. The protein pathway analysis results showed that the D-Met group stimulated fructose-galactose metabolism, glycolysis pathway, phosphoinositide 3 kinase, and pyruvate metabolism. The HMBi group stimulated the pentose phosphate and glycolysis pathways. Metabolite analysis revealed that the D-Met treatment group increased seven metabolites and decreased uridine monophosphate (UMP) production. HMBi supplementation increased the production of three metabolites and decreased UMP and N-acetyl-L-glutamate production. Taken together, D-Met and HMBi supplementation are effective in stimulating milk protein synthesis in MAC-T cells by genes, proteins, and metabolites stimulation linked to milk protein synthesis.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.433-442
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• 2013

A set of bilingual terms is one of the most important factors in building language-related applications such as a machine translation system and a cross-lingual information system. In this paper, we introduce a new approach that automatically extracts candidates of English-Korean bilingual terms by using a bilingual parallel corpus and a basic English-Korean lexicon. This approach can be useful even though the size of the parallel corpus is small. A sentence alignment is achieved first for the document-level parallel corpus. We can align words between a pair of aligned sentences by referencing a basic bilingual lexicon. For unaligned words between a pair of aligned sentences, several assumptions are applied in order to align bilingual term candidates of two languages. A location of a sentence, a relation between words, and linguistic information between two languages are examples of the assumptions. An experimental result shows approximately 71.7% accuracy for the English-Korean bilingual term candidates which are automatically extracted from 1,000 bilingual parallel corpus.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2010

In this study, the assessment and the factor analysis of the self-directed learning readiness for engineering students were conducted. As measurement tool was used the self-directed learning readiness scale of Guglielmino's SDLRS questionnaire in Korean translation. It was surveyed under 519 students of Faculty of Engineering of Korea University of Technology and Education. Responded questionnaires were 496. As a result, seven factors were identified: (1)openness to learning, (2)initiative and inquiring mind, (3)independence and basic learning skills, (4)creativity, (5)accepting responsibility for learning, (6)love of learning, (7)positive orientation of the future. And the scale was confirmed in validity. It was confirmed that the mean value of openness to learning and of love of learning were higher than average, while mean value of independence and basic learning skills, accepting responsibility for learning were lower than average, there was the difference in SDLRS by students' personal backgrounds, but there were statistically significant differences in seven factors.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.265-275
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• 2002

Pursose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the selected nursing interventions and to describe the most common nursing interventions used by neurosurgery unit nurses. Method: The data was collected from 65 nurses of 5 general hospitals from Jan. 8, 2001 to Feb. 28, 2001. The instrument for this study was the Korean translation of 486 nursing intervention classifications, developed by MacClosky & Bluecheck in 2000. In the 486 nursing interventions 310 nursing interventions were selected, 8 from among the 10 professional nurses group in the neurosurgery care unit. The 310 nursing interventions were used in a secondary questionnaire. In the secondary questionnaire, all 310 intervention lables and definitions were listed. The data was analysed with SPSS program. Result: The results of this study are as follows. 1. The most frequently used nursing intervention domains were "physiological: complex", "physiological: basic", "Health system", "Behavior", "Safety", "Family". 2. Neurosurgery care unit core nursing interventions were performed several times a day by 50% or more of the Neurosurgery care unit. Neurosurgery core nursing intervention, 5 domain ("physiological: complex", "physiological: basic", "Health system", "Safety", "Behavior"), 16 class, 48 core nursing intervention. The most frequently used Neurosurgery core nursing interventions were Intravenous Therapy, Pressure ulcer prevention, Documentation, Airway suctioning, Medication: intravenous, Pain management, Medication: intramuscular, Shift report, Intravenous insertion, Positioning, Aspiration precaution, Pressure management, Physician support, Pressure ulcer care. 3. Compared with carrier and age of nurses, the more effective nursing interventions were "Family", Compared with the nursing place and the use of nursing interventions of nurses the most effective nursing interventions were "Health system" performed by nurse in university hospital. Conclusion: The purpose of this study was to analysis the nursing intervention performed by neurosurgery unit nurses. This study analyses nursing intervention and core nursing interventions performed by neurosurgery unit nurses. Basis on this study result, neurosurgery nursing interventions will be systematized, and progression of qualitative nursing, data of computerized nusing information system will be utilized.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.505-534
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was aimed to compare the lexical access and representation of semantic system in the bilinguals. The participants(late Korean-English bilinguals) performed the word-picture matching task. The task was to decide whether the pictures presented after the words(basic-level categories) represent the Korean(L1) or English(L2) words' meaning or not. The stimuli were consisted of common object belonged to four different categories(animal, part of body, clothes, tool). To control the translation strategies, the SOA(stimulus onset asynchrony) were manipulated as 650ms(Exp. 1) and 200ms(Exp. 2). In both experiment, the RTs were faster in L1 condition. The decision time of the part of body categories were shorter than the animal in L1 condition. In L2 condition, clothes were responded faster than the tools. The differences of the lexical access time implied that the bilingual semantic system seemed to be structured by more sub-level categories than the super-level, living or non-living things, and the ways to access the bilingual lexicon might be differentiated according to the languages.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.511-518
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• 2014

The history of the Korean lighthouse have been known to be begun from which installed by the purpose of the Japanese invasion of the outside. Modern navigational aid system have configured during the Japanese ruling era since the Incheon Palmido Lighthouse was built in 1903 as the first lighthouse in Korea. But in this regard it needs to be considered more carefully. Busan, as the city of international port and of Choryang Waegwan, had been a center of foreign relations between Korea and Japan since early 15th century. Because that reason, International port facility has been developed for a long time ago in Busan for example lighthouse, breakwater, wharf, jetty and so on. Nevertheless the lack of historical data and basic research related to the marine caused the proper history could not be established until now. In recently the basic translation of Korean Maritime Customs documents started to finish, and a compilation book of old pictorial maps on Choryang Waegwan was issued. As a result, more objective history of Busan Aids to Navigation can be investigated.