• 한국언어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국언어정보학회 2007년도 정기학술대회
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• pp.57-66
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• 2007

Case markers in Korean are omissible in colloquial speech. Previous discourse studies of Caseless bare NPs in Korean show that the information structure of zero Nominative not only differs from that of overt Nominative but it also differs from that of zero Accusative in many respects. This paper aims to provide a basis for these semantic/pragmatic properties of Caseless NPs through the syntactic difference between bare subjects and bare objects: namely, the former are left-dislocated NPs, whereas the latter form complex predicates with the subcategorizing verbs. Our analysis will account for the facts that (i) the distribution of bare subject NPs are more restricted than that of bare object NPs; (ii) bare subject NPs must be specific or topical; (iii) Acc-marked NPs in canonical position tend to be focalized.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.27-44
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• 2004

We examine semantic properties of Korean plural expressions and how they are related to genericity and definiteness. First of all, Korean plural expressions provide a strong evidence for the plurality theory which discerns between the two sorts of plural individuals such as sum and group. Sum and group are clearly distinguished by morphological markers in Korean i.e., 'tul-plurals and ${\phi}$-plurals correspond to sum and group interpretations respectively. Second, the treatment of Korean bare singulars(=${\phi}$-plurals) as group accounts for why Korean generic NPs prefer bare singulars to bare plurals. Generic NPs refer to kind, and kind is a special group derived from supremum, therefore both generic NPs and bare singulars refer to group, and generic NPs are realized as bare singulars rather than bare plurals in Korean. Finally, in Korean, plurality and definiteness have little effect on each other although some connection between them has often been reported in the literature.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.53-76
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• 2007

Case markers in Korean are omissible in colloquial speech. Previous discourse studies of Caseless bare NPs in Korean show that the information structure of zero Nominative not only differs from that of overt Nominative but it also differs from that of zero Accusative in many respects. This paper aims to provide a basis for these semantic/pragmatic properties of Caseless NPs through the syntactic difference between bare subjects and bare objects: namely, the former are left-dislocated NPs, whereas the latter form complex predicates with the subcategorizing verbs. Our analysis will account for the facts that (i) the distribution of bare subject NPs are more restricted than that of bare object NPs; (ii) bare subject NPs must be specific or topical; (iii) Acc-marked NPs in canonical position tend to be focalized.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제73권4호
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• pp.381-395
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• 2020

Study on the inelastic response of bare and masonry infilled Reinforced Concrete (RC) frames repaired using Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers (GFRP) subjected to quasi- static loading is presented in the work. The hysteresis behaviour, stiffness retention, energy dissipation and damage index are the parameters employed to analyze the efficacy of FRP strengthening of bare and brick in-filled RC frames. It is observed that there is a significant improvement in load carrying capacity of brick infilled frame over bare RC frame. Also FRP strengthened brick infilled frame performs much better than FRP repaired bare frame under quasi static loading. Repair and retrofitting of brick infilled RC frame shows an improved load carrying and damage tolerance capacity than control frame.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.79-92
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• 2017

To offer the basic data of vegetation restoration by buried seed of soil, this research was conducted at bare land and abandoned field in Yesan-gun. Germination plants of buried seed were consisted of 40 taxa (37 species, 3 varieties) in bare land, and 41 taxa (37 species, 4 varieties) in abandoned field. Classification of germination plants by family was the most in Gramineae, and emergent frequency of plots was the highest of Digitaria ciliaris. The soil depth of the most plants appearance was 2~5cm in bare land and 5~10cm in abandoned field, and the soil depth of the most population appearance was 0~2cm both in bare land and in abandoned field. Population number of buried seed germination was decreased according to soil depth. Crepidiastrum sonchifolium was a plant that population number of buried seed germination is the most. Similarity index was 0.33 in aerial part plants and buried seed plants, and 0.55 in bare land and abandoned field.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2010

본 연구는 화재실험에서 널리 이용되고 있는 노출비드형 열전대의 신뢰성을 평가하기 위해 화재실험을 수행하고 흡입식 열전대와 노출비드형 열전대에 의해 측정된 온도를 비교 분석한다. 화재실의 고온의 상층부에서는 노출비드형 열전대의 측정온도가 흡입식 열전대에 비해 상대적으로 낮게 나타났고 측정오차는 크지 않은 반면 저온의 하층부에서는 노출비드형 열전대의 온도가 높게 나타났으며 측정오차 또한 크게 증가하였다. 본 연구에서 측정된 노출비드형 열전대의 최대 상대오차는 최대 250% 이상까지 나타났으며 노출비드형 열전대를 이용하여 화재유동장을 정량화 할 때 측정 신뢰성 향상을 위해 적절한 보정과정이 필요함을 보여준다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2017

An experimental study was conducted to identify the quantitative measurement bias for the bare-bead thermocouple (TC), which was widely used for measuring temperature in fire experiments. To this end, an apparatus could be controlled individually gas flow rate, preheating temperature and incident radiative heat flux was developed to simulate the thermal environments of fire. A relative measurement bias of bare-bead TC was evaluated with the comparison of double-shield aspirated TC. As a result, the relative measurement bias of bare-bead TC was gradually increased with the increase in radiative heat flux with constant gas temperature. The relative bias was also significantly increased with the decrease in gas temperature. Quantitatively, at the gas temperature of $20^{\circ}C$, the bare-bead TC had the relative bias of approximately 400% with the radiative heat flux of $20kW/m^2$ corresponding to thermal radiation level of the flashover. The present study was intend to provide fire researchers with methodologies for the reanalyses of temperature measured using bare-bead TC, radiation corrections, and validation of fire modeling.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2007

콘크리트 노출 바닥판은 88 고속도로, 호남고속도로 확장, 제1중부고속도로 등의 1980년대에 건설된 고속도로 교량에 널리 적용되었다. 약 20년 정도 공용한 후에 콘크리트 노출 바닥판의 상태를 평가한 결과, 상당수의 교량들이 특별한 유지관리비가 소요되지 않고 공용중이다. 이러한 이유로 시공성, 유지관리 그리고 구조적인 관점에서 기존 콘크리트 노출 바닥판에 대한 공용성에 대한 재평가가 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 일환으로 콘크리트 노출 바닥판의 주요 손상원인 중의 하나인 철근 부식에 의한 박락을 유발시키는 제설 염화물에 침투 특성을 파악하고 바닥판의 수명을 평가하고자 고속도로 상에 공용중인 콘크리트 노출 바닥판에서 코어를 채취하여 깊이별 염화물을 측정하여 표면 염화물량 및 겉보기 확산계수를 구하였다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2022

In the manufacturing process of the bus treated as the commercial vehicle, after making the bare chassis which is the basic frame of the vehicle body, the part in which passengers ride is connected. In addition, the necessary parts such as the engine and transmission required for the operation of the bus are connected to the bare chassis. The element connecting the parts such as the boarding part of the passengers, the engine, the suspension and the transmission is the bracket. The device required for driving and operating the vehicle is mounted on the bare chassis using the bracket, which should ensure stability during bus operation. In this study, we were performed stress analysis to evaluate the stability of three types of brackets connecting the bare chassis of a new type of 30-seater bus in the development process and components required for driving and operation. The stress analysis should be preceded by the analysis of boundary conditions considering the loads applied to the brackets according to the material of the bracket to be analyzed and the driving type of the bus. The finite element model for structural analysis of brackets according to the driving type of the bus was used by Altair's Hypermesh 2017, and the solver used for structural analysis was Altair's Optistruct. The stress analysis was performed to present the safe and vulnerable parts of the three brackets.

• 에너지공학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 PV(photovoltaic)모듈에서 경년에 따른 효율 저하의 원인을 분석하기 위해 셀 레벨에서의 열충격 시험을 수행하였다. 열충격 시험의 조건은 $-40^{\circ}C$에서 $85^{\circ}C$로 각각 15분씩 30분을 1사이클로 하였으며, 열충격 시험 500 사이클 동안 100 사이클 간격으로 EL분석 및 I-V분석을 수행하였다. 효율 감소율은 단결정 Bare Cell이 8%, Solar Cell이 9%였으며, 다결정 Bare Cell이 6%, Solar Cell이 13%의 감소율을 보였다. 열충격 시험 후 Solar Cell은 표면 손상으로 인한 효율저하를 확인할 수 있었다. Bare Cell의 경우 표면의 손상이 없었지만, 효율이 저하된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 Fill Factor 분석에 의해 경년 시 나타나는 누설전류에 의한 소모전력 증가로 효율 저하에 영향을 준 것으로 판단된다. 또한, Bare Cell보다 Solar Cell에서의 효율 감소율이 상대적으로 높게 나타난 결과는 표면 손상 및 소모 전력의 증가로 인해 Solar Cell 효율에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. 향후 단면 분석법 및 다양한 조건의 시험 기법을 활용하여 PV모듈 뿐 아니라 Cell 레벨에서의 불규칙한 효율 및 Fill Factor의 감소 원인을 검토하고, Solar Cell에서의 효율 저하가 가속되는 원인에 대한 대책 방안 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다.