• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.319-328
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• 2021

Parallel administration of numerous drugs increases Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) because one drug might affect the activity of other drugs. DDI causes negative or positive impacts on therapeutic output. So there is a need to discover DDI to enhance the safety of consuming drugs. Though there are several DDI system exist to predict an interaction but nowadays it becomes impossible to maintain with a large number of biomedical texts which is getting increased rapidly. Mostly the existing DDI system address classification issues, and especially rely on handcrafted features, and some features which are based on particular domain tools. The objective of this paper to predict DDI in a way to avoid adverse effects caused by the consumed drugs, to predict similarities among the drug, Drug pair similarity calculation is performed. The best optimal weight is obtained with the support of KHA. LSTM function with weight obtained from KHA and makes bets prediction of DDI. Our methodology depends on (LSTM-KHA) for the detection of DDI. Similarities among the drugs are measured with the help of drug pair similarity calculation. KHA is used to find the best optimal weight which is used by LSTM to predict DDI. The experimental result was conducted on three kinds of dataset DS1 (CYP), DS2 (NCYP), and DS3 taken from the DrugBank database. To evaluate the performance of proposed work in terms of performance metrics like accuracy, recall, precision, F-measures, AUPR, AUC, and AUROC. Experimental results express that the proposed method outperforms other existing methods for predicting DDI. LSTMKHA produces reasonable performance metrics when compared to the existing DDI prediction model.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.199-208
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• 2015

Biologics and medical devices manufactured with bovine-derived raw materials have the risk of viral contamination. Therefore, viral validation study is essential to ensure the safety of the products. Bovine adenovirus type-1 (BAdV-1) is one of the common bovine viral pathogens. For quantitative detection of BAdV-1 during the manufacture of biologics and medical devices, a TaqMan probe real-time PCR method was developed. Specific primers and TaqMan probe for amplifying and detecting BAdV-1 DNA were designed. Specificity, limit of detection (LOD), and robustness of the method was validated according to international guideline on the validation of nucleic acid amplification tests for the pathogen detection. The sensitivity of the assay was found to be $7.44{\times}10^1\;TCID_{50}/ml$. The real-time PCR method was reproducible, very specific to BAdV-1, and robust. Moreover, the method was successfully applied to the validation of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO)-K1 cells artificially infected with BAdV-1, a commercial CHO master bank, and bovine type 1 collagen. The overall results indicate that this rapid, specific, sensitive, and robust assay can be reliably used for quantitative detection of BAdV-1 contamination during the manufacture of biologics and medical devices using bovine-derived raw materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.34-39
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• 2017

Typical flow regime of overflow at barrier or weir constructed in mid and small streams becomes as the submerged flow during most flood events. One of major causes of barrier failure has been reported as the levee-scour near the conjuction node between barrier and levee. However, most related design guidelines in Korea have not mentioned about the protection of levee around barrier or weir in detail. Furthermore, most previous researches have focused on the flow characteristics of overflow around several types of weirs but they did not have considered the material properties of levee itself. In this study, local scour near barrier was investigated with different material properties of levee under the submerged overflow condition which is assumed to reenact a flood event. Based on results from Fritz et al. and Mavis et al., a theoretical formula was also proposed in initial stage of laboratory experiments. And hydraulic experiments were carried out for the verification of the proposed formula. Levee was installed in the prismetic trapezoidal open channel and most parts were made of concrete except for movable section in which scour was expected to occur for the efficiency of experimental procedure. Each compaction of movable section in levee was followed by the basis of the KS F 2312. Further, after performing the experiments to find the optimum water content for each sediment, the specific amount of water was injected before flowing water. The difference between the proposed theoretical formula and experiment results was not much but considerable, which might be caused by the effect of compaction. For theoretical approach, it seemed that the formula did not take into account the compaction of levee, thus the correction coefficient for levee compaction determined in the literature was considered. Finally, the formula for the length of scour around barrier or weir was proposed, which can be useful to predict a levee in the reference design of revetment in mid and small streams. As shortly future study, scour length of levee around barrier or weir under different flow conditions such as perfect overflow condition will be studied and it will be able to contribute to suggest the design formula or criteria under all overflow conditions near barrier or weir.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.12 no.4 s.27
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• pp.273-283
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• 2006

The results of COD concentration on August of 2004 were 6.80 ppm in North Mokpo Inner Bay, 4.42 ppm un front of YongSang Bank and 4.60 ppm in front of ShinAn Beach Hotel which is over III level Marine Environmental Standard. The others researched five stations sea water quality of Mokpo inner bay are reached II-III level. The concentration of total nitrogen range from 1.23 ppm to 3.56 ppm and total phosphorous concentration was range from 0.07 ppm to 0.12 ppm which are to be II-III level. This results show that the Mokpo inner bay is unsuitable for aquaculture and for use of marine resort, it can be only avaliable for industrial and harbour port use. In this study, we researched 12 point source flow into Mokpo Inner bay. The rate from YoungSang river in total inflow of TN was up to 70-93 % and rate of TP was up to 31-91 % respectively. In this results, we have to control the discharge from YoungSang river first of all then control the discharge from North Harbour domestic wastewater treatment, InAm river and NamHae domestic wastewater treatment in order to improve the water quality of Mokpo Inner bay.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.536-546
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• 2016

Using the inter-industry tables over the period 2010-2013 published by the Bank of Korea, this paper attempts to uncover the national economic role of the marine environmental industries through the estimation of their market size and value-added, and to analyze their economic effects through inter-industry analysis. The results show that the market size of the marine environmental industries has increased from 1.34 trillion won in 2010 to 1.97 trillion won in 2013 and their share in total national output went up from 0.04 % in 2010 to 0.05 % in 2013. Moreover, the value-added of the marine environmental industries, 618.5 billion won in 2010, amounted to 841.5 billion won in 2013 and their proportion in total national value-added has grown from 0.05 % in 2010 to 0.06 % in 2013. Three findings emerge to be used demand-driven model from the inter-industry analysis. First, the production-inducing effect of 1.0 won production or investment in the marine environmental industries has decreased from 1.8845 won in 2010 to 1.8115 won in 2013. Second, the value-added creation effect of that has declined from 0.7680 won in 2010 to 0.7063 in 2013. Third, the employment-inducing effect of 1.0 billion won production or investment in the marine environmental industries has went down from 10.17 people in 2010 to 9.18 people in 2013. In short, the market size and value-added of the marine environmental industries show an increasing trend, but their economic effects reveal a diminishing trend.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.58-66
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• 2014

Demand for in vitro pharmacological evaluation and toxicity test using human hepatocytes has been increasing. In USA and Europe, human hepatocytes obtained from donated whole liver unsuitable for transplantation were distributed to researchers and deposited in cell bank facility as cryopreserved vial. In Korea, however, incidence of transplantation- inappropriate whole liver has been quite low and the whole livers almost have so severe liver disease such as fatty or fibrotic liver that cannot meet the demand. In this study we aimed to isolate human hepatocytes from liver resection surgery-originated partial liver, and assure the isolated human hepatocytes and its cryopreserved hepatocytes to be qualified for the in vitro pharmacological evaluation and drug toxicity tests. We compared those with commercially available human hepatocyte, BD $GenTest^{TM}$ by cell morphology, hepatic gene expression, urea synthesis, albumin secretion, ammonia removal, and cytochrome P450 induction activities. Changes in hepatotoxic gene expression after cryopreservation are evaluated with a typical hepatotoxic drug, acetaminophen. Consequently, the fresh hepatocytes from the partial liver and its cryopreserved hepatocytes expressed their intrinsic hepatic functions well and showed equal hepatotoxicity gene expression trend regardless to cryopreservation. Therefore, liver resection surgery-originated partial liver can be used as a useful source of human hepatocytes for various pharmacological and hepatotoxicity test.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.133-141
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• 2016

Although construction of any new nuclear power projects had not been launched since mid-1970s until recently in the USA, many new nuclear power plants have been constructed in many countries with the support of their governments mainly as part of their national energy security and electric source diversification policies. For many reasons, the nuclear power industry seemed to reclaim their renaissance from the beginning of this century and the investment in the nuclear power projects draw positive concern from the private financial sector. But the global financial crisis in 2008 and subsequent economic slow-down together with tighter bank credit regulations caused commercial banks, the main source of financing, to lose appetite for investing in new nuclear power projects. But the nuclear power economics shows that the nuclear power is viable in terms of the environmental benefit and long-term average cost compared to other power generation sources. Also doubt about nuclear power safety was much mitigated due to technology development and reinforced safety-related tests and monitoring. Therefore, the prospect for nuclear power market expansion remains positive although there are comparatively big differences among different scenarios. After Korea Electric Power Corp. won the UAE nuclear power project in December of 2009, the competition in nuclear power markets is undergoing huge changes. Competitors backed by the support of their own governments are now entering the market with many aggressive and innovative financing packages to win bids of new nuclear power projects. This report analyzed the nuclear power market prospects, competitive edges of nuclear power, risk management measures, and financing challenges and recommends alternative solutions to promote competitive edges in winning bids of new nuclear power projects.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.101-114
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• 2022

Recently, various studies on the entrepreneurial ecosystem have been conducted. The entrepreneurial ecosystem is composed of various elements such as entrepreneurs, governments, and infrastructure, and these factors interact to contribute to economic development. The purpose of this study was to analyze differences in importance and performance of the entrepreneurial ecosystem for startups using the importance-performance analysis (IPA) method. Based on this, the importance and current level of the components of the entrepreneurial ecosystem were identified and policy implications were presented. The results of the study are as follows. The importance ranking was in the order of startup support program(4.43), startup funding (4.39), market accessibility(4.30). The ranking of performance was startup support program(3.81), ease of starting a business(3.76), support for startup support institutions(3.66), and startup funding(3.66). All elements of the entrepreneurial ecosystem showed higher importance than performance. This means that the components of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Korea are recognized as important, but do not play a significant role in terms of performance for startups. In addition, the factors with the highest improvement in the importance-performance matrix were 「safety nets for startup failure」, 「culture of acceptance of failure」, 「ease of market entry」, 「ease of startup survival」, and 「ease of exit」. This study suggested improvement measures such as establishing a social safety net, improving awareness of startup failure culture, matching successful startups, strengthening scale-up support by growth stage, easing regulations in new business fields, and diversifying investment recovery strategies.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2016

Species identification of animal tissues in meat products is an important issue to protect the consumer from illegal and/or undesirable adulteration; for economic, religious and health reasons. In this reason, accurate analytical methods are needed for the labeling of meat products with requiring simple and fast procedure. Recently, applications of PCR in food analysis have been increased because of their simplicity, specificity and sensitivity. Therefore, in this study, a multiplex PCR assay was developed for the simultaneous identification of eight species of cow, pig, chicken, duck, goat, sheep, horse and turkey from raw meats. The primers were designed in different regions of mitochondrial 16S RNA after alignment of the available sequences in the GenBank database. Two multiplex primer sets were designed as Set 1 (cow, pig, chicken, duck) and Set 2 (goat, sheep, horse, turkey), respectively. Total 274 samples from cow (n = 55), pig (n = 30), chicken (n=30), and duck (n = 30), goat (n = 40), sheep (n = 33), horse (n = 41), and turkey (n = 15) were tested. The primers generated specific fragments of 94, 192, 279, 477 bp (pig, chicken, cow, duck), 670, 271, 152, 469 bp (goat, sheep, horse, turkey) lengths for eight species, respectively. The animal species specificity was 100% in all eight samples in the multiplex PCR assay. The detection limit of the multiplex PCR assay showed from 100 fg to 1 pg of template DNA from extracted from raw meats. When applying multiplex PCR assays to sample from pork/beef and pork/chicken, beef/chicken tested raw mixed meats and heat-treated ($83^{\circ}C$ for 30min, $100^{\circ}C$ for 20min, and $121^{\circ}C$ for 10min) mixtures, detection limit was 0.1% level beef, pork and pork in beef and chicken in pork and 1.0% level pork in chicken. This study suggest that the developed multiplex PCR assay can be used for rapid and simultaneous species identification of cow, pig, chicken, duck, goat, sheep, horse and turkey from meats.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.149-157
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• 2015

We examined taxonomic characteristics and safety of eight Nuruk molds that are widely used for making soybean paste, soy sauce and alcoholic beverages in Korea. HK1 from Hakyeong Fermentation Co., SW101 from Suwon Fermentation Co., CF1001, CF1002, CF1003 from Chungmoo Fermaentation Co. and KACC 93210 are yellow-Nuruk molds, and SW201 from Suwon Fermentation Co. and CF1005 from Chungmoo Fermentation Co. are white-Nuruk molds. Six strains of yellow-Nuruk molds were identified as Aspergillus oryzae. HK1, SW101, CF1001 and CF1003 of yellow-Nuruk molds have middle length of stipes ($711{\sim}1,121{\mu}m$), and CF1003 (for sake) produced less conidia and more hyphae than HK1, SW101 and CF1001 (for soybean paste). CF 1002 used for soy sauce has shorter stipes ($543{\mu}m$) and is clustered into IBLB-group based on omtA gene analysis although the other yellow-Nuruk molds are clustered into ICAo group. KACC 93210 isolated from traditional Korean Meju has very short stipes (average $270{\mu}m$), and showed velvety colonies although the others showed floccose colonies. The strain has different DNA sequences of omtA gene from other strains in NCBI GenBank as well as strains used in Korea, suggesting that it is unique from other strains published. SW201 and CF1005 of white-Nuruk molds were identified as Aspergillus luchuensis or A. luchuensis mut. Kawachii that is known as safe, non-toxigenic fungus. The six strains of yellow-Nuruk molds did not produce mycotoxins including aflatoxin, cyclopiazonic acid, and sterigmatocystin. Therefore, eight strains of Nuruk molds used for making soy sauce, soybean paste and alcoholic beverages in Korea were proved to be safe in this study.