• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.225-232
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• 1987

Authors studied on the isolation of V. damsela from sea water, fish and shellfish at the Keoje Hae keumkang on the southern sea and at Hongdo island and Heucksan island on the western sea of Korea from May to September in 1986. Authors investigated for the isolated strains to bacteriological identification, hemolysis about various erythrocytes and antibiotic susceptibilities. The results obtained were as follows: 1. V. damsela was isolated 14 strains from total 383 specimens; 233 cases of sea water, 40 cases of fish and 110 cases of shellfish, respectively. Eight strains were isolated from sea water and 6 strains were isolated from shellfish. 2. The biochemical characteristics which differentiate it from other Vibrio species were indole negative, ornithine negative, Voges-Proskauer positive, arginine positive, galactose positive, glucose positive, maltose positive, mannose positive, trehalose positive, and growth in nutrient broth with 1% to 6% NaCl. 3. On hemolysis reaction on blood agar media using human, rabbit and guinea pig erythrocytes, human erythrocytes were 11 strain positive, rabbit erythrocytes were 12 strain positive and guinea pig erythrocytes were 13 strain positive. 4. Senistivity test using with chemotherapeutic agents of "BioLab" Microbial Sensitivity Test Discs were generally sensitived to amikacin, ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamycin, kanamycin, methicillin, penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and tobramycin, respectively, but were resistant to lincomycin.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.85-89
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• 1969

1. According to the Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology, the high amylase producing strain A-162 isolated from corn was similar to Bacillus subtilis in the characteristics. 2. The addition of corn powder 30%, milk casein 5% and $CaCO_3$. 5% to wheat bran was excellent as amylase producing media. 3. According to vessel content and quantities of the media, the optimum steaming condition of media was different. Excessive steaming (pressure and time) suppressed the growth of Bacillus subtilis var. A-162. 4. The optimum temperature of amylase produced was about $50^{\circ}C$ and its optimum pH 6.0.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.157-164
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• 2016

For the hygienic production of oyster at Goseong bay, this study investigated the marine bacteriological condition of the area from 2008 to April 2009. Average seawater temperature and salinity ranged $2.8-19.3.0^{\circ}C$ and 32.61-34.91 psu, respectively. The coliform group and fecal coliform of seawater ranged < 1.8-4,900 MPN/100 mL and < 1.8-700 MPN/100 mL, respectively. The coliform group of oyster (Crassostrea gigas) ranged < 1.8-13,000 MPN/100 g. Fecal coliform of oyster ranged and < 1.8-310 MPN/100 g. Only one of 140 samples was exceeded in the U.S NSSP standard (> 230 MPN/100 g) of fecal coliform. Fecal coliform in seawater was on the level of clean sea, below the U.S. NSSP standards, and the contents of fecal coliform and heavy metals in cultured oyster were also below the U.S. NSSP, heavy metal standards, showing that the sea area is bacteriologically safe.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2004

Twenty-three strains of Serratia sp., isolated from surface-sterilized rice roots collected in Chonbuk and Chungnam province, were identified and characterized. They were Gram-negative, rod shaped and red pigmented typically and their endophytism was confirmed by inoculation and reisolation of the strains in planta. Their antifungal activity against 4 rice pathogenic fungi was compared and ranged from 62.4 to 85.2％ against Rhizoctonia solani and 68.0 to 88.5％ against Pyricularia grisea. Among the 23 strains tested, strain Rsm220 showed the strongest inhibition activity against 4 pathogenic fungi. The strain was, therefore, selected as a biocontrol candidate for both the pathogens and its bacteriological characteristics and 165 rDNA sequences were analyzed. Phenotypic and biochemical characteristics of the selected Rsm220 were highly related to the type strain of S. marcescens and 165 rDNA sequencing of Rsm220 showed a homology of 98.2％ to the type strain of S. marcescens. The strain Rsm220 was identified as S. marcescens and the inhibition result of this endophytic strain indicates that it is a potential biocontrol agent for R. solani and R grisea.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 1973

Listeria monocytogenes human infection is a relatively rare disease which usually is meningitis in newborn babies. The organism was isolated from blood cultures of a 52 year old female patient with meningitis. It was considered that the underlying disease, i.e. S.L.E., and the steroid therapy which the patient had been receiving played some role for the Listeria infection. The isolate was showing characteristics of L. monocytogenes, i.e. diphtheroid like morphology, motility with four peritrichous flagella, hemolytic small colonies on blood agar, growth in the presence of 7.5% salt and at 4 C, and inducing monocytosis in an experimentally infected rabbit. Serologically the organism was identified as L. monocytogenes 4b. The isolate was showing susceptibility to many antibiotics tested including ampicillin, penicillin and tetracycline which were the recommended drugs of choice for the treatment of Listeriosis. It is the general opinion that Listeriosis is not so rare as literatures are showing. It is considered that some of the isolate of the organism from clinical specimens are mistakenly discarded due to the fact that the organism shows diphtheroid like morphology and that not many laboratories are able to recognize the organism. Literatures are seen which emphasize more careful examination of gram positive bacilli with diphtheroid like morphology especially when they are isolated from blood or from spinal fluid of patient.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.118-126
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• 1986

Vibrio vulnificus is a recently recognized halophilic organism that nay cause serious human infections. Patients infected with V. vulnificus often have a history of exposure to the sea, suggesting that the organism may be common inhabitant of marine environment. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the distribution and bacteriological characteristics of V. vulnificus. The strain used in this experiment was isolated from sea water and sea products such as common octopus (Octopus variabilis), ark shell (Anadara broughtonii), blue crab (Ericheir japonica), and sea squirt (Synthia roretzi) collected in Pusan area from July to October in 1985. V. vulnificus was frequently isolated in August when temperature of sea water was around $26^{\circ}C$ and rarely isolated in October when temperature of sea water was around $18.5^{\circ}C$. The distinctive biochemical characteristics of V. vulnificus were ONPG hydrolysis positive and fermented lactose and not grown in peptone water contained $8\%$ NaCl. The optical density at 660 nm of the growth of V. vulnificus was reached maximum level after 8 hours of culture at $35^{\circ}C$ in brain heart infusion broth but that of V. vulnificus was little increased at $15^{\circ}C$ for 14 hours. Optimum temperature and pH for the growth of V. vulnificus were around $35^{\circ}C$ and 8.0. The specific growth rate and the generation time of V. vulnificus isolated from the samples were $1.21\;hr^{-1}$, 34 min at $35^{\circ}C$ and $0.61\;hr^{-1}$, 69 min at $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. V. vulnificus did not grow on eosin-methylene-blue agar, salmonella-shigella agar, deoxycholate agar but grew well on Endo agar, xylose-lysine-deoxycholate agar and hektoen enteric agar. On Endo agar, the colonies of V. vulnificus were red and achieved a diameter of 2 to 4 mm as a feature enabling differentiation of V. vulnificus from other Vibrio spp. V. vulnificus grow well on TCBS agar forming green colonies. V. vulnificus refrigerated at $4^{\circ}C$ exhibited a linear decline of its viablity as 1 log cycle in every 16 hours storage, while V. vulnificus freezed at $-18^{\circ}C$ almost became extinct.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.550-555
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• 1997

Vibrio cholerae non-O1 (V. cholerae non-O1) was previously called nonagglutinable or noncholera vibrios, since it fails to react with polyvalent O1 antisera. This organism is biochemically and genetically indistinguishable from V. cholerae O1 except serological difference. V. cholerae non-O1 strains are often detected in the environment including bays, estuaries, and fresh water, and also found in food. Therefore it is designated food borne bacterium in Japan. However, research papers on V. cholerae non-O1 are very rare in Korea. In order to investigate bacteriological characteristics of V. cholerae non-O1, we isolated V. cholerae non-O1 from the environmental sea water. Among the isolated V. cholerae non-O1 strains, we selected the strain which had the most strong hemolytic activity, named as V. cholerae non-O1 FM-3. The optimum growth conditions of V. cholerae non-O1 FM-3 were $37^{\circ}C$ and pH 8.5 in BHI broth (containing $0.5\%$ sodium chloride), and it grew better than V. cholerae non-O1 ATCC 25872. But both were not able to grow in BHI broth added $5.0\%$ of sodium chloride or adjusted to pH 5.0. According to the experimental results on the susceptibility test against various antibiotics, there were no significant differences between the isolated strain and reference strain (V. cholerae non-O1 ATCC 25872). Most of the antibiotics examined had bacteriostatic action against V. cholerae non-O1 FM-3 while vancomycin, oxacillin, colistin, polymyxin B, and sulfadiazine had no bacteriostatic activity.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 1993

Plesiomonas shigelloides distributed in the aquatic systems was isolated and identified in this study and compared with the c1inica] isolates in view of their physiological characteristics, Biochemica] charactristics of the isolates of P. shigelloides one sample taken from Gupo and two samples taken from Mu]gum, were studied. However, none was isolated in Haeundae, Dadaepo, Kangdong and Nakdong estuary. The isolated bacteria had an optimum growth condition in peptone water of $25~35^{\circ}C$, pH 7.5-8.0 and 1% NaCI concentration. The cell grew most properly on the selective enrichment media which were made from adding inositol to peptone water. DNase was s]owly produced and the results were different from those of other studies. The components of the fatty acid were 3% of 3-hydroxy]ated fatty acid containing $C_{12}~C_{18}$. 0-10% cyclopropane ($C_{17:0}$), 25~30% hexadecanoic acid ($C_{16:0}$), 32~43% hexadecenoic acid ($C_{16:1}$), 1~2% octadecanoic acid ($C_{16:0}$), and 9~14% octadecenoic acid ($C_{18:1}$). Bacterio]ogica] characteristics, susceptibility of antibiotics, and the components of fatty acid of the c1inica] isolates were similar to those of the strains isolated from the aquatic systems. The strains isolated from c1inica] sources degraded lactose more fast than those isolated from the aquatic systems. There existed resistant bacteria to chlorampenicol in the strains from patients, but there were no resistant bacteria in the strains from the aquatic systems. The components of fatty acid of the clinical isolates were 0~2% $C_{17:0 cyclo}$ and 2~3% $C_{18:0}$, but those of the strains from the aquatic systems were 2~10% and 1~2%, respectvely, which showed the quantitative difference between both components.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.125-129
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• 2018

We investigated the prevalence of canine brucellosis in companion and stray dogs between March 2015 and December 2016 and determined the disease characteristics based on the geographic distribution, sex and age of the dogs in South Korea. We conducted a large-scale survey using serological and bacteriological tests. Samples were collected from 2,394 dogs (1,825 companions and 569 strays). Thirty (1.3%) samples were positive for Brucella canis antibodies including 16 (0.9%) from companion dogs and 14 (2.5%) from stray dogs. Two (1.0%) of the 196 samples cultured from the stray dogs were positive. When compared with male dogs, the female companion and stray dogs had a significantly higher prevalence of brucellosis. Moreover, the prevalence of canine brucellosis was significantly higher in stray dogs older than 6 years and the prevalence of the disease in companion dogs was highest in Incheon (2.1%) and Jeolla (2.1%) provinces. Stray dogs from the Daejeon metropolitan area had the highest prevalence of brucellosis (7.9%). National control measures for canine brucellosis have not previously been implemented. Our findings suggest that appropriate screening tests and control measures are necessary to improve the health of dogs and to protect public health in Korea, particularly with the rapid growth of the companion animal industry.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.138-142
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• 1988

Fifty-eight root rot samples were collected from 30 main markets and radish-growing areas in Korea from which 34 isolates of pathogenic bacteria were obtained to identified causal bacteria of the disease. According to their bacteriological characteristics and pathogenicity, the majority of rot bacteria were identified as Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and Pseudomonas marginalis pv. marginalis. Among these species, E. carotovora subsp. carotovora was found to cause serious damage to radish production throughout Korea. P. marginalis pv. marginalis is the first description of bacteria which cause the diseases in radish in Korea.