• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 1997

A mixed-culture of Gluconobacter suboxydans IFO 3172 and Saccharomyces uvarum IFO 0751 was per-formed in a synthetic medium. the optimal inculum ratio of G. suboydans and S. uvarum for mixed-culture fermentation was 150:1. The optimum pH, incubation temperature and aeration rate for mixed-culture fer- mentation were 5.0, 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 2.25vvm, reapectively. As a result of batch pure-and mixed-culture fer-mentation, specific growth rate in pure-culture of both strain was lower than that in mixed-culture. The yield of cell mass from S. uvarum exclusively decreased. The growth rate of the mixed-culture was very similar to the pure-culture in the begining of culture, but it has been decreased after 16hrs. In the mean time, S. uvarum in mixed-culture fermentation could grow due to fructose converted, but it could not row in pure-culture fermentation. Thus, the relationship was a sort of commensalism. The kinetic parameters cal-culated through steady-state results during continuous fermentations are as follows :{TEX}$$\mu$_{max1}${/TEX}=0.118({TEX}$h^{-1}${/TEX}), {TEX}$Ks_{1}${/TEX}=0.330(g/L),:{TEX}$$\mu$_{max2}${/TEX}=0.162({TEX}$h^{-1}${/TEX}), {TEX}$Ks_{2}${/TEX}=0.038(g/L). The yield of bacterial cell mass relatively constant, but yield of yest cell mass was gradually decreased.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.991-994
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• 2000

Single cell of an indigenous phototrophic bacterium, Rhodovulum sulfidophilum, was incorporated in commercial fish feed for Oreochromis niloticus. The bacterial cell was analyzed for nutritional value and tested for toxicity and acceptability as an aquaculture feed supplement. The results showed higher survival rate and significantly higher growth rate (p<0.001) in O. niloticus fed with the bacteria incorporated fish feed. It is suggested that R sulfidophilum can be utilized as an aquaculture feed supplement.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2022

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a recently spotlighted T-cell origin non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with an increasing incidence of over 800 cases and 33 deaths reported worldwide. Development of BIA-ALCL is likely a complex process involving many factors, such as the textured implant surface, bacterial biofilm growth, immune response, and patient genetics. As the incidence of BIA-ALCL is expected to increase, it is important for all surgeons and physicians to be aware of this disease entity and acquire thorough knowledge of current evidence-based guidelines and recommendations. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment are the foundations of current care.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.423-429
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• 1994

A bacterial strain which formed a distinct colony on agar plate containing naphthalene as a vapor phase and grew well ina liquid minimal medium was isolated and identified as Alcaligenes sp. A111. Optimum temperature and pH for the cultivation of Alcaligenes sp. A111 were 30$\cir$C and 7.0, respectively. Cell growth increased dramatically from 12 hours after inoculation and revealed a stationary phase at about 48 hours. Relative growth rate ($\mu$')increased hyperbolically depending on the conceration of naphthalene up to 500 ppm and reached to the maximum value pf 2.8/day, but $\mu$' didn't change within a range of 500~4000 ppm naphthalene. NH$_{4}$Cl or NH$_{4}$NO$_{3}$ was preferrd as a nitrogen source and a P : N ratio by weight og 6 : 1 was favorable to cell growth. Alcaligenes sp. A111 utilized the intermediates of degradation of naphthalene and showed tolerance to benzene, toluene, and octane. therefore, it is suggested that Alcaligenes sp. A111 could be effectively used for the biological treatment of wastewater containing naphthalene in the presence of some aromatic compounds.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.347-351
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• 2012

This study was conducted to optim ize the composition of CEM (cabbage extract medium) and cryoprotectants on the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum, a probiotics growing in plant and milk. For this, we analyzed the growth characteristics of Lb. plantarum in CEM and subsequently optimized the medium composition by addition of carbon, nitrogen sources and buffering agents. Among carbon sources, glucose showed the best result to increase the cell density after dilution of CEM. When 0.5% yeast extract and 1% soy peptone were supplemented in the diluted CEM, Lb. plantarum grew up to the maximum cell density. Addition of buffering agents in CEM was not significantly effective to increase the cell density. Meanwhile, addition of 12% skim milk, 5% sucrose and 0.5% glycerol showed a cryoprotective effect against cell damage of Lb. plantarum during freeze drying process showing high survival rate after 150 days. This optimized CEM can be used for economical production of bacterial cells particularly originated from a plant-related ecosystem.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.54-62
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• 1998

20 bacterial strains capable of growing on phenol minimal medium were isolated from soil and wastewater by the enrichment culture technique, and among them, one isolate which was the best in the cell growth was selected and identified as Bacillus sp. SH3 by its characteristics. Strain SH3 could grow with phenol as the sole carbon source up to 15 mM, but did not grow in minimal medium containing above 20 mM of phenol. The optimal conditions of temperature and initial pH for growth and phenol degradation were 30$^{\circ}$C and 7.5, respectively. This strain could grow on various aromatic compounds such as catechol, protocatechuic acid, gentisic acid, o-, m-, p-cresol, benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, anthranilic acid, phenyl acetate and pentachlorophenol, and the growth-limiting log P value of strain SH3 on organic solvents was 3.1. In batch culture, strain SH3 degraded 97% of 10 mM phenol in 48 hours. In continuous culture under the conditions of 20 mM of influent phenol concentration and 0.050 hr$^{-1}$ of dilution rate, the treatment rate of phenol was 94%.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1908-1914
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• 2008

An alkaliphilic bacterium, Bacillus clausii SKAL-16, was isolated from soil that had been contaminated with vegetable oil. The optimal pH and general pH range for bacterial growth was 8, and 7 to 10, respectively. The bacterium could grow on tributyrin and glycerol, but could not grow on acetate and butyrate. The SKAL-16 strain excreted butyric acid during growth on tributyrin, and selectively ingested glycerol during growth on a mixture of butyric acid and glycerol. The SKAL-16 generated intracellular lipase, but did not produce esterase and extracellular lipase. The DNA fragment amplified with the chromosomal DNA of SKAL-16 and primers designed on the basis of the esterase-coding gene of Bacillus clausii KSM-KI6 was not identical with the esterase-coding gene contained in the GenBank database. Pyruvate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase activities were detected in the cell-free extract (crude enzyme).

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.173-181
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• 2021

The genus Streptomyces demonstrates enormous promise in promoting plant growth and protecting plants against various pathogens. Single and consortium treatments of two selected Streptomyces strains (Streptomyces shenzhenensis TKSC3 and Streptomyces sp. SS8) were evaluated for their growth-promoting potential on rice, and biocontrol efficiency through induced systemic resistance (ISR) mediation against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), the causal agent of rice bacterial leaf streak (BLS) disease. Seed bacterization by Streptomyces strains improved seed germination and vigor, relative to the untreated seed. Under greenhouse conditions, seed bacterization with consortium treatment TKSC3 + SS8 increased seed germination, root length, and dry weight by 20%, 23%, and 33%, respectively. Single and consortium Streptomyces treatments also successfully suppressed Xoc infection. The result was consistent with defense-related enzyme quantification wherein single and consortium Streptomyces treatments increased peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and β,1-3 glucanase (GLU) accumulation compared to untreated plant. Within all Streptomyces treatments, consortium treatment TKSC3 + SS8 showed the highest disease suppression efficiency (81.02%) and the lowest area under the disease progress curve value (95.79), making it the best to control BLS disease. Consortium treatment TKSC3 + SS8 induced the highest POX and GLU enzyme activities at 114.32 µmol/min/mg protein and 260.32 abs/min/mg protein, respectively, with both enzymes responsible for plant cell wall reinforcement and resistant interaction. Our results revealed that in addition to promoting plant growth, these Streptomyces strains also mediated ISR in rice plants, thereby, ensuring protection from BLS disease.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1200-1210
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• 2004

Metabolic flux analysis was established by adapting previous stoichiometric model developed during growth with cellulose to cell grown with cellobiose for further direct comparison of the bacterial metabolism. In carbon limitation with cellobiose, a shift from acetate-ethanol fermentation to ethanol-lactate fermentation is observed and the pyruvate overflow is much higher than with cellulose. In nitrogen limitation with cellobiose, the cellodextrin and exopolysaccharide overflows are much higher than on cellulose. In carbon and nitrogen saturation with cellobiose, the cellodextrin, exopolysaccharide, and free amino acids overflows reach the highest levels observed but all remain limited on cellulose. By completely shunting the cellulosome, the use of cellobiose allows to reach much higher carbon consumption rates which, in return, highlights the metabolic limitation of C. cellulolyticum. Therefore, the physical nature of the carbon source has a profound impact on the metabolism of C. cellulolyticum and most probably of other cellulolytic bacteria. For cellulolytic bacteria, the use of soluble carbon substrate must carefully be taken into consideration for the interpretation of results. Direct comparison of metabolic flux analysis from cellobiose and cellulose revealed the importance of cellulosome, phosphoglucomutase and pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase in the distribution of carbon flow in the central metabolism. In the light of these findings, future directions for improvement of cellulose catabolism by this bacterium are discussed.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.561-565
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• 2005

In this study, we attempted to assess the effects of lactate and com steep liquor (CSL) on the production of bacterial cellulose (BC) by Gluconacetobacter persimmonis $KJ145^T$. The optimal condition for the production of BC was a lactate concentration of 1% (w/v) and a CSL concentration of 10% (w/v). Under these optimal conditions, 6 days of fermentation produced 6.90 g/L of BC. Both the BC production yield and cell growth increased continuously until the 20th day of fermentation, by which time 17.0 g/L had been produced. In a static culture trial, in which plastic containers were used as fermentation chambers for 6 days of fermentation, the BC production yield in the group initially cultured with 500 mL medium was higher than that of the 750 and 1000 mL media. In addition, the texture of the BC was examined according to its post-treatment in order to determine conditions for optimal textural characteristics. The strength, hardness, and other characteristics of the BC were negatively correlated with sucrose concentration, but were largely positively correlated with NaCl concentration. With regards to the effect of pH on textural change, BC strength and hardness were elevated at pH 2 and 8 but reduced at pH 4 and 6, indicating that the texture of the BC is extremely sensitive to treatment conditions.