• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.647-654
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• 2022

Wearable devices come in a variety of shapes and sizes in numerous fields in numerous fields and are available in various forms. They can be integrated into clothing, gloves, hats, glasses, and bags and used in healthcare, the medical field, and machine interfaces. These devices keep track individuals' biological and behavioral data to help with health communication and are often used for injury prevention. Those with hearing loss or impaired vision find it more difficult to recognize an approaching person or object; these sensing devices are particularly useful for such individuals, as they assist them with injury prevention by alerting them to the presence of people or objects in their immediate vicinity. Despite these obvious preventive benefits to developing Internet of Things based devices for the disabled, the development of these devices has been sluggish thus far. In particular, when compared with people without disabilities, people with hearing impairment have a much higher probability of averting danger when they are able to notice it in advance. However, research and development remain severely underfunded. In this study, we incorporated a wearable detection system, which uses an infrared proximity sensor, into a backpack. This system helps its users recognize when someone is approaching from behind through visual and tactile notification, even if they have difficulty hearing or seeing the objects in their surroundings. Furthermore, this backpack could help prevent accidents for all users, particularly those with visual or hearing impairments.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

In this paper, we implement a control system for an IoT-based backpack type vacuum cleaner using a smart device such as a smart phone or smart watch. The implementation system consists of control module produces, control module programming, and smart device programming. The control module is made of Arduino Nano, HM-10 BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) module and relays as basic parts. The smart device exchanges signals with the control module via bi-directional BLE communication, which allows it to control the start/stop of the vacuum cleaner. Backpack type vacuum cleaners are effective for cleaning high places that require the use of ladders. However, it is often necessary to take off the backpack type cleaner to start/stop it. The IoT-based vacuum cleaner control system implemented in this paper fundamentally solves the problem by allowing users to control the start/stop of the vacuum cleaner without taking it off.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.79-94
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• 2007

In the ubiquitous computing age which uses a high quantity network, mobile devices such as wearable and hand-held ones with a small tamers and a wireless communication module will be widely used in near future. Thus, a lot of researches about an augmented game on mobile devices have been attempted recently. The existing augmented games used a traditional 'backpack' system and a pattern marker. The 'backpack' system is expensive, cumbersome and inconvenient to use, and because of the pattern marker, it is only possible to play the game in the previously installed palace. In this paper, we propose an augmented game called Flying Cake using a face region to create the virtual object(character) without the pattern marker, which manually indicates an overlapped location of the virtual object in the real world, on a small and mobile PDA instead of the cumbersome hardware. Flying Cake is an augmented shooting game. This game supplies us with two types: 1) a single player which attacks a virtual character on images captured by a camera in an outdoor physical area, 2) dual players which attack the virtual character on images which we received through a wireless LAN. We overlap the virtual character on the face region using a face detection technique, and users play Flying Cake though attacking the virtual character. Flying Cake supplies new pleasure to flayers with a new game paradigm through an interaction between the user in the physical world captured by the PDA camera and the virtual character in a virtual world using the face detection.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.3
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• pp.363-373
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• 2023

Forest biomass surveys are regularly conducted to assess and manage forests as carbon sinks. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), a remote sensing technology, has attracted considerable attention, as it allows for objective acquisition of forest structure information with minimal labor. In this study, we propose a method for estimating overstory and understory biomass in forest stands using backpack laser scanning (BPLS) and unmanned aerial vehicle laser scanning (UAV-LS), and assessed its accuracy. For overstory biomass, we analyzed the accuracy of BPLS and UAV-LS in estimating diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height. For understory biomass, we developed a multiple regression model for estimating understory biomass using the best combination of vertical structure metrics extracted from the BPLS data. The results indicated that BPLS provided accurate estimations of DBH (R² =0.92), but underestimated tree height (R² =0.63, bias=-5.56 m), whereas UAV-LS showed strong performance in estimating tree height (R² =0.91). For understory biomass, metrics representing the mean height of the points and the point density of the fourth layer were selected to develop the model. The cross-validation result of the understory biomass estimation model showed a coefficient of determination of 0.68. The study findings suggest that the proposed overstory and understory biomass survey methods using BPLS and UAV-LS can effectively replace traditional biomass survey methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.435-436
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• 2013

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.899-902
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• 2005

언제, 어디서, 누구나 대용량 네트워크를 사용할 수 있는 유비쿼터스(ubiquitous) 시대가 다가오면서, 카메라가 장착되어 있고 무선 통신이 가능한 PDA, 웨어러블(wearable) 컴퓨터와 같은 휴대용장치가 가까운 미래에는 일상의 한 부분이 될 것이다. 이런 상황을 반영하듯, 휴대용 장치를 이용하여 실감형 게임(augmented game)을 수행하는 다양한 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 기존의 실감형 게임들은 전통적인 ‘backpack’ 시스템을 이용하거나 패턴마커(pattern marker)를 이용하였다. ‘backpack’ 시스템은 비싸고, 거추장스러우며, 사용하기 불편한 단점을 가지고 있으며, 패턴마커를 이용하면 미리 정한 장소에서만 게임을 즐길 수 있는 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 Flying Cake이라는 실감형 게임을 소개하며, 거추장스러운 장비 대신, 가볍고 휴대 가능한 PDA를 이용하여 게임을 수행하며, 실제 세계에서 가상의 물체를 접목할 위치를 지정하기 위해, 미리 정해져 있는 패턴마커 대신 얼굴 영역을 이용한다. Flying Cake은 연산자원이 부족한 PDA에서 실시간으로 얼굴 영역을 찾기 위해 스킨칼라(skin-color) 모델과 CAMShift 알고리즘을 이용하며, PDA상에서 카메라를 이용하여 실제 세계와 가상의 물체 사이의 상호작용을 제공하는 새로운 게임 패러다임(paradigm)을 통해 사용자에게 새로운 즐거움을 제공한다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.61-68
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes of the relative impulse of the foot when carrying 5 types of schoolbag during level walking. Methods: Forty-four normal subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the method of carrying a bag: carrying no bag (condition 1), a backpack (condition 2), a shoulder bag (condition 3), a cross bag (condition 4) and a one-hand bag (condition 5). To evaluate the partial relative impulse, 7 areas were measured on the sole of a foot: the hallux, toe, 1st metatarsal head (Met1) and the 2nd & 3rd metatarsal heads (Met2/3), the 4th & 5th metatarsal heads (Met4/5), mid foot and heel. Repeated one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-tests were used to analyze the statistical data. Results: In the right foot, the relative impulses in every areas revealed no significant difference (p>0.05), however, the relative impulses at Met1, Met2/3, Met4/5 and heel were significantly different between the different conditions (p<0.05). There were significant differences on comparing the relative impulse between left and right foot within one condition, the mid foot in condition 2, as well as the hallux and Met1 in condition 3 (p<0.05). In condition 4, the toe, Met1, Met4/5 and mid foot were significantly different (p<0.05). The values at the hallux, toe and Met1 in condition 5 also were significantly different (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings showed that the symmetrical relative impulse of the foot was present in the case of carrying a backpack, but there was an extra load on specific regions and asymmetrical relative impulses in the case of carrying a shoulder bag, a across bag and a one-hand bag. (ED note: this abstract is not clear. You need to work on it.)

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.71-78
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study found change that caused by various form and weight of bag. So we investigated how these things change the shoulder altitude and space between external acoustic pore and lateral malleolus and also plantar pressure. Method : We measured two different way for this study. One was backpack with 5, 10kg and another one was shoulder pack with same weight. Each trial was 10 seconds in duration with static stance posture. With these experiments, we checked space between plantar pressure, shoulder altitude, external acoustic pore and lateral malleolus with EMED system and GPS. We analyzed these results with PASW(SPSS) statistics 18.0. Result : In conclusion, there were no significantly differences in shoulder altitude by weight of pack, but average of plantar pressure and space between external acoustic pore and lateral malleolus was increased.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.245-256
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• 2021

This study was conducted to identify the applicability of a LiDAR sensor to forest resources inventories by comparing data on a tree's position, height, and DBH obtained by the sensor with those by existing forest inventory methods, for the tree species of Criptomeria japonica in Jeolmul forest in Jeju, South Korea. To this end, a backpack personal LiDAR (Greenvalley International, Model D50) was employed. To facilitate the process of the data collection, patterns of collecting the data by the sensor were divided into seven ones, considering the density of sample plots and the work efficiency. Then, the accuracy of estimating the variables of each tree was assessed. The amount of time spent on acquiring and processing the data by each method was compared to evaluate the efficiency. The findings showed that the rate of detecting standing trees by the LiDAR was 100%. Also, the high statistical accuracy was observed in both Pattern 5 (DBH: RMSE 1.07 cm, Bias -0.79 cm, Height: RMSE 0.95 m, Bias -3.2 m), and Pattern 7 (DBH: RMSE 1.18 cm, Bias -0.82 cm, Height: RMSE 1.13 m, Bias -2.62 m), compared to the results drawn in the typical inventory manner. Concerning the time issue, 115 to 135 minutes per 1ha were taken to process the data by utilizing the LiDAR, while 375 to 1,115 spent in the existing way, proving the higher efficiency of the device. It can thus be concluded that using a backpack personal LiDAR helps increase efficiency in conducting a forest resources inventory in an planted coniferous forest with understory vegetation, implying a need for further research in a variety of forests.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2013.07a
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• pp.149-151
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 휴대용 보병무기체계의 배낭 설계를 위하여 인체공학적인 물자취급 중량을 검토하는데 있다. 제품설계시 인체공학적 설계 가이드라인과 운용현황을 조사분석하여 효율적인 운용성능을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 기존의 설계 가이드라인을 분석한 결과, 병사의 인체사이즈 측면에서는 5%tile의 경우 -091kg으로 여유중량이 부족하지만, 95%tile에서는 34.17kg까지 여유중량이 발생하는 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 연구결과는 물자취급시 편하고, 효율적인 운용성능을 창출하기 위해서 휴대중량과 이동거리에 따라 여유중량을 관리해야 할 것으로 판단된다.