• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.78-90
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• 2015

Short rotation woody crops belonging to the genera Populus L., Salix L., Pinus L., and Eucalyptus L'Her. have provided broad economic and ecological benefits throughout the world, including afforestation and reforestation along urban to rural gradients. Within the genus Populus, cottonwoods, poplars, aspens, and their hybrids (hereafter referred to as poplars) have been shown to exhibit favorable genotype ${\times}$ environment interactions, especially in the face of changing climates. Similar growth responses have been reported for Pinus, especially with white pine (Pinus strobus L.) in the North Central United States. This has led to current research priorities focused on ecosystem services for both genera. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) defines cultural, supporting, provisioning, and regulating ecosystem services. The overarching objective of this paper was to synthesize information about the potential of poplars to provide multiple ecosystem services when grown at sites with varying soil and climate conditions across landscape gradients from urban to rural areas. Specific objectives included: 1) providing background of the United States Forest Service and its Research and Development branch, 2) integrating knowledge of current poplar breeding and development with biomass provisioning and carbon regulating ecosystem services as they relate to changing climates in the North Central United States, and 3) providing a case study illustrating this integration through comparisons of poplar with white pine. Our results were evaluated in the context of climate change mitigation, with specific focus on selection of favorable genotypes for sequestering atmospheric carbon and reducing fossil fuel carbon emissions.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.323-335
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• 2014

Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between personality and psychological responses induced by emotional stimuli (happiness, sadness, anger, boring and stress) for children. Background: Many researches are interested in assertion that there is close correlation between personality and emotion. The relationship between personality and emotion needs to be studied in view of the extended integration, not in view of respective property, because personality is deeply ingrained, and the relatively enduring patterns of thought, feeling and behavior and emotion can take advantage of individual differences in sensitivities to situational cues and predispositions to emotional state. In particular, studies on the personality and emotion for children are necessary in that childhood is an important period for formation of their personality and emotion expression and regulation. Method: Prior to the experiment, we made parents of 94 children rate personalities of their children, based on Korean Personality Inventory for Children (K-PIC). Results of 64 children without missing answers to all questions were analyzed. 64 children were exposed to five emotional stimuli and were asked to report the classification and intensity of their experienced emotion. Results: Children were classified into two groups of the lower 25% and higher 25% scores in twenty sub-scales of K-PIC, and psychological responses to five emotional stimuli between two groups were compared. Accuracy of emotion experienced by emotional stimuli showed a significant difference between the two groups, the lower and higher scores in Hyperactivity and Adjustment. Also, there was a significant difference in the intensity of experienced emotions between the two groups in Intellectual Screening and Psychosis. Conclusion: Our result has shown that hyperactivity, adjustment, intellectual screening and psychosis influence the accuracy and intensity of emotional responses. Application: This study can offer a guideline to overcome methodological limitation of emotion studies for children and help researcher basically understand and recognize human emotion in HCI.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.441-453
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• 2008

LBS, GIS 및 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅의 기술의 빠른 발전과 함께, 우리가 다루는 공간은 더 이상실외공간에 한정되지 않고, 실내공간으로 확장되고 있다. 그런데 실내공간은 실외공간과 다른 특징을 가지고 있으므로 실내의 공간의 통합되고 연속적인 서비스를 제공하기 위하여서는 새로운 이론, 데이터모델 및 시스템을 개발하여야 한다. 이러한 이유로 실내공간인지를 위한 기초이론을 개발하고, 핵심기술 및 시스템을 구축하고, 서비스를 제공하기 위한 프로젝트가 시작되었다. 본 논문에서는 실내공간인지(ISA) 프로젝트의 목표와 연구주제들을 소개한다. 그리고 실내공간데이터베이스 관리시스템의 기초적 데이터타입과 연산자를 위한 프리즘데이터 모델을 소개한다. 또한 T. Kolbe가 제안한 실내공간 모델도 함께 소개한다. 이 모델은 다양한 공간을 통합하는데 기초가 될 것이다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.58.1-58.1
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• 2017

The NISS (Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer for Star formation history) is the near-infrared spectro-photometric instrument optimized to the first Next Generation of small satellite (NEXTSat-1). The off-axis optics was developed to cover a wide field of view with 2 deg. ${\times}$ 2 deg. as well as a wide wavelength range from 0.95 to $2.5{\mu}m$. Considering the simple alignment scheme, afocal system was adapted in the optical components. The mechanical structures were tested under the space environment. We have obtained the accurate calibration data using our test facilities under the operational condition. After the final integration of flight model into the satellite, the communication with the satellite and the functional test were passed. The NISS will be launched in early 2018. During around 2-year operation, the spectro-photometric survey covering more than 100 square degree will be performed. To achieve the major scientific objectives for the study of the cosmic star formation in local and distant universe, the main observational targets will be nearby galaxies, galaxy clusters, star-forming regions and low background regions. Here, we report the final performance of the flight model of the NISS.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7309-7316
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• 2014

Background: While many researchers often use a theoretical framework for mammogram repeat interventions, it seems they do not apply an identified mediation analysis method. The aim of this study was to determine the mediators of mammogram replication behavior in two tailored interventions for non-adherent Iranian women. Materials and Methods: A sample population of 184 women over 50 years old in Sanandaj, Iran, was selected for an experiment. Participants were randomly allocated into one of the three conditions: 1) an intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) 2) an intervention based on an integration of the HBM and selected constructs from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and 3) a control group. Constructs were measured before the intervention, and after a 6-month follow-up. Results: Perceived self-efficacy, behavioral control, and subjective norms were recognized as mediators in the HBM and selected constructs from the TPB intervention. Perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, self-efficacy and behavioral control met the criteria for mediation in the HBM intervention. Conclusions: This study was successful in establishing mediation in a sample of women. Our findings enrich the literature on mammography repeat, indicating key intervention factors, and relegating redundant ones in the Iranian populations. The use of strategies to increase mammography repeat, such HBM and TPB constructs is suggested to be important for maintaining a screening behavior, once the behavior has been adopted.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.312-321
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• 2014

Background: To evaluate the quality of chronic care provided by public health centers located in a South Korean metropolitan city using a modified Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (ACIC). Methods: We conducted self-evaluation surveys and collected data using a modified ACIC from twenty five public health centers. Cultural validity of the original ACIC was examined by the public health and nursing science experts. Based on expert reviews, cognitive interviews, pre-test results, five items of the original ACIC that were not relevant were deleted. The response scale was changed from twelve-point Likert scale to Guttman scale but its scoring system was maintained. Results: Eighty eight percent of public health centers in this study reported that their overall quality of chronic care was at a limited or basic level. About 68% of the centers reported that the organization was as reasonably good or fully developed to provide chronic care. On the other hand, 96% of the public health centers reported that the clinical information system was at a very limited or basic support level. The decision support, the integration of Chronic Care Model components, the delivery system design, the community linkages, and the self-management support were evaluated as limited or basic level of support by more than half of the public health centers, respectively. Conclusion: In a metropolitan area of South Korea, quality of chronic care in public health centers was not found to reach acceptable levels of services. It is critical to enhance the quality of chronic care in public health centers.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2010

초점면 배열 원적외선 검출기를 위한 새로운 신호취득 회로를 연구하였다. 각 픽셀 감지소자에 흐르는 전류에 따라, 각 픽셀 회로의 적분시간이 능동적으로 최적화될 수 있도록 리셋 신호를 조정하는 방식이다. 따라서, 제안하는 신호취득 회로는 넓은 동작 범위와 뛰어난 신호 대 잡음 비 특성을 동시에 가질 수 있다. 회로 제작에 사용한 공정은 $0.35{\mu}m$ 2-poly 4-metal CMOS 공정이다. 원적외선 감지소자로서 HgCdTe 다이오드를 사용했고, 배열의 크기는 $128{\times}128$이며, 단위 픽셀의 크기는 $50{\mu}m{\times}50{\mu}m$이다. 기존에 제안한 이 단계 암전류 억제 방식과 더불어 본 논문에서 제안하는 리셋 조정 회로를 함께 사용할 경우, 신호 대 잡음 비와 동작 범위를 각각 87dB와 95.8dB 까지 향상시킬 수 있다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권9호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 스케일링을 이용한 다중 스케일 균열 검출 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 형태학 알고리즘, 균열 특징, 스케일링을 기반으로 한다. 사용하는 형태학 연산자는 균열의 패턴을 추출한다. 열림과 닫힘의 연산을 이용하여 균열과 배경을 구분한다. 형태학을 기반으로 하는 분할은 작은 간격의 균열을 검출하는 기존의 차분 이용 통합 방법 보다 좋은 성능을 보인다. 그러나, 형태학 방법들은 오직 하나의 구조 연산자를 사용하면 고정된 크기의 균열만을 검출할 수 있다. 따라서 스케일링 방법을 사용한다. 스케일링에 이중선형 보간법을 사용한다. 제안하는 방법은 분할된 영역의 화소 수와 최대 길이와 같은 특징들의 값들을 계산한다. 구분된 영역이 균열에 해당하는 지를 계산한 특징들의 값들에 의하여 결정한다. 실험 결과에서 제안한 다중 스케일 균열 검출 방법이 기존의 검출 방법들보다 향상된 결과를 보인다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3363-3368
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• 2013

Background: The burden due to cancers is an emerging public health concern especially in resource-limited countries like Nigeria. The WHO estimates that cancer kills more people than tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and malaria combined. As people in Nigeria and other developing countries are beginning to survive infectious diseases, there is an observed epidemiologic transition to chronic diseases, such as cancers. In 2008, 75 out of 1,000 Nigerians died of cancer. Despite the rising incidence and public health importance, Nigeria lacks an organized and comprehensive strategy to deal with cancers. Materials and Methods: This article reviewed 30 peer-reviewed manuscripts on cancer care in four countries. It highlights the limitations to cancer care in Nigeria; due to lack of awareness, low health literacy, absence of organized screening programs, inadequate manpower (in terms of quality and quantity) as well as limited treatment options. Results: This review led to the formulation of a proposal for Nigerian National Cancer Policy, mainly drawn from effective strategies used in Canada, Brazil and Kenya. This is a vertical cancer program that is patient-centered with an emphasis on tobacco control and cancer disease screening (similar to Canada and Brazil). Additionally, it emphasizes primary cancer prevention (similar to Kenya). Its horizontal integration with other disease programs like HIV/AIDS will improve affordability in a poor resourced country like Nigeria. Capacity building for health professionals, hub-and-spoke implementation of screening services, as well as investment in effective treatment options and increased research in cancer care are essential. International 'twinning collaborations' between institutions in richer countries and Nigeria will enhance effective knowledge translation and improve the quality of patient care. Conclusions: A national cancer policy must be developed and implemented in Nigeria in order to overcome the present limitations which help contribute to the observed increases in cancer morbidity and mortality rates. Cancer control is feasible in Nigeria if the nation was to consider and employ some of the cost-effective strategies proposed here.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10783-10786
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• 2015

Background: Smoking remains the major preventable cause of death worldwide, especially cancer-related death. Evidence clearly indicates that tobacco-related morbidity and mortality is reduced by smoking cessation. Pharmacists are well-positioned to provide tobacco cessation services an involvement of pharmacists in smoking cessation is encouraged by several organizations. While Indonesia's prevalence of smoking is in the first rank in Asian countries, none of the pharmacy schools in Indonesia are currently offering tobacco-related courses in their existing curricula at present. Our study aimed to develop and to evaluate the effectiveness of tobacco education (TE) for pharmacy students in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A 6-hour TE was developed and evaluated using pre-test/post-test with control group design. A total of 137 fifth-year pharmacy students at Gadjah Mada University (GMU), Yogyakarta, were chosen as an intervention group while a total of 105 fifth-year students of Islamic University of Indonesia, (UII) served as the control group. Knowledge, perceived-role, self-efficacy, and ability to perform counseling using the 5A's framework were evaluated. Results: A significant improvement (P < 0.001) in knowledge, perceived-role, and self-efficacy was found in the intervention group but not in the control group. In addition, we revealed that 89.7% of the intervention group were able to perform counseling using 5A's. Conclusions: The developed TE significantly improved student knowledge, perceived-rolse, self-efficacy, and created an ability to perform cessation counseling. Integration of TE education in curricula of Indonesian pharmacy schools nation-wide should be encouraged.