• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.1295-1302
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• 2006

Controlled low-strength material(CLSM) which is easily excavated and also known as flowable material, is commonly used as a backfill in utility trenches and other applications. In this study, a rapid-setting flowable material a kind of CLSM made with a field soil were evaluated by an experimental study. The properties ordinarily desired from the mix are: (a) flow under gravity; (b) hardening for early workability(after 4 hours)and cover; and (c) ultimate strength low enough to allow ready excavation. Fluidity of fresh material is evaluated using a simple spread test. Hardening is measured by a mortar penetrometer, and these values are correlated with unconfined compressive strength. It is desirable to keep the ultimate strength to less than $5.6kg/cm^2$ somewhat less target strength is selected for the 28-day value.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.43-50
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• 2021

On the construction of new roads, the cut slope is inevitable and thus has been widely applied in the mountainous area. Particularly, the retaining wall with the precast concrete panel is often selected for its higher stability and mostly constructed in bottom-up method. However, the bottom-up method results in steeper slope as 1:0.05 before constructiong retaining wall and thus causes poor compaction at backfill which may induce instability during or after the construction. To overcome this problem, precast concrete panel retaining wall was attached in-situ ground (so called top-down). This paper presents the evaluation of drainage capacity of top-down method which has impermeable layer between panel and mortar being used to increase the ability of attachment of the precast concrete panel.