• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2014

Presented are guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) which is the most common food allergy in infants. It manifests through a variety of symptoms that place a burden on both the infant and their caregivers. The guidelines were formulated by evaluation of existing evidence-based guidelines, literature evidence and expert clinical experience. The guidelines set out practical recommendations and include algorithms for the prevention and treatment of CMPA. For infants at risk of allergy, appropriate prevention diets are suggested. Breastfeeding is the best method for prevention; however, a partially hydrolyzed formula should be used in infants unable to be breastfed. In infants with suspected CMPA, guidelines are presented for the appropriate diagnostic workup and subsequent appropriate elimination diet for treatment. Exclusive breastfeeding and maternal dietary allergen avoidance are the best treatment. In infants not exclusively breastfed, an extensively hydrolyzed formula should be used with amino acid formula recommended if the symptoms are life-threatening or do not resolve after extensively hydrolyzed formula. Adherence to these guidelines should assist healthcare practitioners in optimizing their approach to the management of CMPA and decrease the burden on infants and their caregivers.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2014

This study has analyzed the meaning of observation time in the course of acquiring the information of subjects who observed the space of hall in subway stations to figure out the process of spatial information excluded and the features of intensive searching. The followings are the results from the analysis of searching process with the interpretation of the process for information acquirement through the interpretation of observation area and time. First, based on the general definition of observation time, the reason for analyzing the features of acquiring spatial information according to the subjects' observation time has been established. The feature of decreased analysis data reflected that of observation time in the process of perceiving and recognizing spatial information, which showed that the observation was focused on the enter of the space during the time spent in the process of observing the space and the spent time with considerable exclusion of bottom end (in particular, right bottom end). Second, while the subjects were observing the space of hall in subway stations, they focused on the top of the left center and the signs on the right exit the most, which was followed by the focus on the both side horizontally and the clock on the top. Third, the analysis of consecutive observation frequency enabled the comparison of the changes to the observation concentration by area. The difference of time by area produced the data with which the change to the contents of spatial searching in the process of searching space could be known. Fourth, as the observation frequency in the area of I changed [three times -> six times -> 9 times], the observation time included in the area increased, which showed the process for the change from perception to recognition of information with the concentration of attention through visual information. It makes it possible to understand that more time was spent on the information to be acquired with the exclusion of the unnecessary information around.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 IEEE 802.11 WLAN의 MAC인 DCF의 성능을 개선하는 알고리즘을 제안하고 이를 시뮬레이션으로 분석한다. IEEE 802.11 WLAN의 MAC에서는 데이터 전송을 제어하기 위한 방법으로 DCF와 PCF를 사용하며, DCF의 경우 CSMA/CA를 기반으로 한다. CSMA/CA는 스테이션간의 충돌을 줄이기 위해서 임의의 Backoff time을 각 스테이션의 CW(Contention Window) 범위에서 결정한다. 스테이션은 패킷 전송 후 충돌이 발생하면, 윈도우 크기를 두 배로 증가시키며, 패킷을 성공적으로 전송하면 윈도우 크기를 최소 CW로 감소한다. DCF는 경쟁 스테이션이 적은 상황에서는 비교적 우수한 성능을 보이나 경쟁 스테이션의 수가 많은 경우 처리율, 지연 관점에서 성능이 저하되는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 패킷 전송 후 충돌이 발생하면 윈도우 값을 최대 CW로 증가시키고 패킷의 정상적인 전송후에는 윈도우 값을 서서히 감소함으로써 현재 WLAN의 망 상태정보를 계속 활용함으로써 패킷 충돌 확률을 낮추는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘의 효율성을 입증하기 위해 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 그 타당성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2015

Several optical monitoring strategies by a ground-based telescope to protect a Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite from collisions with close approaching objects were investigated. Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO) objects, Inclined GeoSynchronous Orbit (IGSO) objects, and drifted GEO objects forced by natural perturbations are hazardous to operational GEO satellites regarding issues related to close approaches. The status of these objects was analyzed on the basis of their orbital characteristics in Two-Line Element (TLE) data from the Joint Space Operation Center (JSpOC). We confirmed the conjunction probability with all catalogued objects for the domestic operational GEO satellite, Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) using the Conjunction Analysis Tools by Analytical Graphics, Inc (AGI). The longitudinal drift rates of GeoSynchronous Orbit (GSO) objects were calculated, with an analytic method and they were confirmed using the Systems Tool Kit by AGI. The required monitoring area was determined from the expected drift duration and inclination of the simulated target. The optical monitoring strategy for the target area was analyzed through the orbit determination accuracy. For this purpose, the close approach of Russian satellite Raduga 1-7 to Korean COMS in 2011 was selected.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2006

A key component of autonomous navigation of intelligent home robot is localization and map building with recognized features from the environment. To validate this, accurate measurement of relative location between robot and features is essential. In this paper, we proposed relative localization algorithm based on 3D reconstruction of scale invariant features of two images which are captured from two parallel cameras. We captured two images from parallel cameras which are attached in front of robot and detect scale invariant features in each image using SIFT(scale invariant feature transform). Then, we performed matching for the two image's feature points and got the relative location using 3D reconstruction for the matched points. Stereo camera needs high precision of two camera's extrinsic and matching pixels in two camera image. Because we used two cameras which are different from stereo camera and scale invariant feature point and it's easy to setup the extrinsic parameter. Furthermore, 3D reconstruction does not need any other sensor. And the results can be simultaneously used by obstacle avoidance, map building and localization. We set 20cm the distance between two camera and capture the 3frames per second. The experimental results show :t6cm maximum error in the range of less than 2m and ${\pm}15cm$ maximum error in the range of between 2m and 4m.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2015

현대 정보 사회에서 정보격차라는 장벽이 존재한다. 이러한 장벽 때문에 장애인들은 세상과 소통하는 데 어려움이 있다. 최근 스마트 기술의 발달에 따라 스마트 기기는 장애인들에게 필수품이 되어가고 있다. 현재 장애인들의 스마트 애플리케이션 접근성 향상은 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 본 논문의 목적은 장애인의 스마트접근성 향상을 위한 가이드라인을 개발하는 것이다. 이 가이드라인은 기존의 모마일 접근성 가이드라인에 기초를 두고 개발하였다. 가이드라인은 다음과 같다. 즉, 스마트기기에서 청색 최소화, 입력창에 자동 포커스 제공, 행위 추적, 폰트 칼라 변경 가능, 모션에 의한 응급상황 공지, 제스처 인식, 컨트롤 위치, 스크롤링 금지, 시각경고메시지의 음성화 서비스, 아이콘에 대한 텍스트레벨 부착 등을 포함한다.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2008년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.427-431
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• 2008

최근 들어 일반 직업종사자들에게 직장의 개념이 이전까지의 평생직장의 개념에서 자신의 경력개발을 위해 잠시 거쳐가는 곳일 뿐이라는 인식으로 변화하고 있다. 최근 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 방안으로 즐겁고 일하기 좋은 직장에 대한 연구와 이를 통한 조직의 성과향상에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 이것이 국내 기업들의 Fun Management 도입으로 나타나고 있다. 하지만 향후 Fun Management를 국내 건설산업에 도입하려 할 경우, 타 산업분야와 구분되는 엄격한 상하관계, 경직된 현장 분위기, 안전사고의 증가와 이에 따른 건설분야 취업 기피현상 등 현재 국내 건설분야가 안고 있는 문제점에 대한 충분한 이해를 바탕으로 도입가능성이 고려되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 타 산업분야에서 이미 도입되고 실행되어 그 효과를 거두고 있는 Fun management 기법 현황과 국내 기업들의 Fun Management 실행과정에서 공통적으로 나타나는 문제점을 조사, 분석함으로써 국내 건설산업에 도입시 그 가능성과 방향을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to validate the Sasang Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), based on the diagnosis of Sasang constitutional medicine clinical specialist. Methods : We performed Sasang type differentiation of 103 college students by certified specialist, and analyzed biopsychological traits of each groups with SPQ, Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Positive and Negative Affection Schedule (PANAS) and Body Mass Index (BMI). Results : The SPQ score of So-Yang ($33.1{\pm}0.79$), Tae-Eum ($29.03{\pm}0.67$) and So-Eum ($25.76{\pm}0.98$) Sasang groups showed significant differences from each other. The SPQ showed significant correlation with TCI Novelty-Seeking (r=.346), TCI Harm-Avoidance (r=-.348) and TCI Persistence (r=.346). But the BMI and PANAS did not show significant correlation with SPQ, although the PANAS Positive Affection (r=.332) has significant correlation with SPQ-Behavior. Conclusions : We confirmed the clinical validity of SPQ with clinical specialist and established biopsychosocial instruments. This study would contribute to a more objective diagnosis and studies on biopsychosocial mechanism of Sasang constitutional medicine.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze the frequency and contents of each 'Yangseng(養生)' category appeared in 『The Annals of Joseon Dynasty』, based on the Yangseng-related terms used in the records. Method : We selected 11 terms with the same meaning as 'Yangseng(養生)' and searched each of them on the website of the Annals of Joseon Dynasty online search service. Among the total of 679 records, 343 were classified into five categories: 'Mind Yangseng(精神養生)', 'Food Yangseng(飮食養生)', 'Doin-angyo(導引按蹻)', 'Lifestyle Yangseng(生活養生)', and 'Herb Yangseng(藥草養生)'. The contents and characteristics of each Yangseng category appeared in the 『The Annals of Joseon Dynasty』 were studied. Results : The term 'Jo-seop(調攝)' was most frequently used in the same meaning as Yangseng(養生), followed by 'Jo-ri(調理)', 'Jo-ho(調護)', 'Jo-yang(調養)', and 'Seop-yang(攝養)'. The frequency of records categorized into specific Yangseng methods(養生法) was in the order of 'Lifestyle Yangseng', 'Mind Yangseng', 'Food Yangseng', 'Herb Yangseng' and 'Doin-angyo(導引按蹻)'. The contents of 'Mind Yangseng' included 'control of emotions and thoughts', 'control of self-interest', 'emphasis on the cultivation of mind', and 'avoidance of stress'. The contents of 'Food Yangseng' were related to the amount of food intake and types of food. The contents of 'Lifestyle Yangseng' were related to 'work-rest balance(勞逸)', 'seasons(季節)', 'residence(居處)', 'bath(沐浴)', 'sexual life', 'sleep', and 'clothing'. The frequency of 'work-rest balance(勞逸)' was among the highest. Conclusion : Emphasis on mental health and work-rest balance appeared in 『The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty』 can have significant implications on people of today.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2006

Objective : The authors study on the clinical presentations and the surgical outcomes of the tumors in the ventricular system. Methods : 15 patients with ventricular tumor were studied. The clinical presentation, radiological findings, different surgical approaches, and outcome were analyzed. Tumors were classified into three groups based on their locations in MRI : lateral, third and fourth ventricle. Surgical methods were transcortical approach in eight patients, transcallosal approach in four, median suboccipital approach in two, and subfrontal approach in one. Gross total removal was achieved in 10 patients. Subtotal resections were performed in the rest. Glasgow outcome scale was used for evaluation of the surgical outcome. Results : Main clinical presentations were chronic headache in patients with the tumor in the lateral ventricular tumor and sudden onset of headache and consciousness change in patients with the tumor in the third and fourth ventricular tumor Development of hydrocephalus was more predominant in patients with the tumors in the third ventricle. Postoperatively, good outcome [Glasgow outcome scale IV, V] were in 73%, and better results was observed in patients with the tumors in the lateral ventricular tumor. The differences of outcome according to surgical approach were not recognized, even though it was not reliable statistically. Conclusion : In ventricular tumor, postoperative outcome is not good in patients with sudden development of headache, hydrocephalus, high grade tumor. Outcome is good in patients with the tumor in the lateral ventricle relatively. There is no difference in outcome according to the approach method to the tumors. And it is necessary to be aware of various approach methods to the tumors and anatomy surrounding the ventricle for avoidance of neurological complications.