• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.102-106
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• 2007

Radiofrequency (RF) radiation at the frequency of mobile phones has been not reported to induce cellular responses in in vitro and in vivo models. We exposed HEI-OC1, conditionally-immortalized mouse auditory cells, to RF radiation to characterize cellular responses to 1763 MHz RF radiation. While we could not detect any differences upon RF exposure, whole-genome expression profiling might provide the most sensitive method to find the molecular responses to RF radiation. HEI-OC1 cells were exposed to 1763 MHz RF radiation at an average specific absorption rate (SAR) of 20 W/kg for 24 hr and harvested after 5 hr of recovery (R5), alongside sham-exposed samples (S5). From the whole-genome profiles of mouse neurons, we selected 9 differentially-expressed genes between the S5 and R5 groups using information gain-based recursive feature elimination procedure. Based on support vector machine (SVM), we designed a prediction model using the 9 genes to discriminate the two groups. Our prediction model could predict the target class without any error. From these results, we developed a prediction model using biomarkers to determine the RF radiation exposure in mouse auditory cells with perfect accuracy, which may need validation in in vivo RF-exposure models.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.189-193
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• 2004

Basaloid squamous carcinoma (BSC) is an uncommon aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma with a predilection for hypopharynx, tongue base, and larynx. We present 5 cases of BSC of unusual sites, each from maxillary sinus, external auditory canal, submandibular gland, tonsil, and nasopharynx. Only a few cases arising in these sites have been reported to date. Patients included 3 men and 2 women with the age range of 45-69 years (mean, 56.4 years). Microscopically, the tumors were characterized by solid lobules and nests of ovoid basaloid cells with abundant desmoplastic stroma. Comedonecrosis, peripheral palisading of tumor cells, trabecular pattern, and rosette-like arrangement were commonly observed. Tumor cells had scanty cytoplasm and their nuclei were ovoid, relatively uniform, and hyperchromatic. In two cases, concomitant squamous cell carcinoma in situ was identified. Immunohistochemical stains revealed that tumor cells were strongly positive for pancytokeratin and negative or weakly positive for p63. Being aware of BSC that can arise from unusual sites would help diagnose correctly and treat properly this rare and distinct clinicopathologic entity.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.542-549
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• 2008

Cisplatin은 임상적으로 다양한 종류의 종양 치료에 사용되는 중요한 항암제 중의 하나이다. 그러나 cisplatin은 이독성, 신장독성, 골수독성, 위장독성 및 말초신경독성 등의 심각한 부작용으로 인하여 사용이 제한적이다. Cisplatin에 의한 청각장애에서 organ of Corti 외측 유모세포(outer hair cells) 손상이 유발한다. Cisplatin에 의한 세포독성에 대한 연구가 진행 중이지만 pro-inflammatory cytokine과 관련된 청각세포사멸에 대한 연구는 미비하다. 이 연구에서 cisplatin은 청각세포주 HEI-OC1 세포와 렛트 cochlear explant에서 염증성 사이토카인인 $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$ 및 IL-6의 유전자 발현과 분비를 현저히 증가시켰다. 이들 염증성 사이토카인은 organ of Corti 청각유모세포에 직접적인 세포독성을 나타내어 외측 및 내측 유모세포와 배열을 파괴하였다. 염증반응에서 중요한 $TNF-{\alpha}$를 cisplatin을 처리한 실험군에서 immunocytochemistry를 통하여 관찰 한 결과 organ of Corti에서의 발현이 현저히 증가됨을 관찰하였다. 염증성 사이토카인에 대한 중화항체를 처리하여 cisplatin에 의한 세포독성이 현저히 감소됨을 HEI-OC1 세포와 청각유모세포에서 확인하였다. 또한 GSH, NAC와 같은 항산화제를 처리하여 세포독성이 현저히 감소됨을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과는 cisplatin에 의한 청각유모세포의 죽음에서 $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$ 및 IL-6와 같은 염증성 사이토카인이 병리 생리학적으로 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 시사한다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1557-1562
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• 2005

A mechanism of hair cell damage caused by noise and ototoxic agents is mediated through generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is known that most of animals have defense systems to protect against ROS, and the cochlea of inner ear in animals also has ROS defense systems including several antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione (GSH), which efficiently detoxifying ROS generated under normal condition. Steamed roots of Rehmannia glutinosa have been traditionally used in Oriental medicine for the treatment of auditory disease such as tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss as well as inflammatory diseases, hectic fever, night sweat, and headache. In the present study, we showed that the ethanol extract from steamed roots of R. giutinosa (ESRG) increased the antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, GPX, and GR activities and GSH level in HEI-OC1 auditory cells. This extract itself did not show any significant cytotoxicity up to $50{\mu}g/ml$. Our results further support the view that ESRG is promising sources of potential antioxidants. Future studies will be aimed at investigating the effects of ESRG on the regulation of cellular mechanisms and isolating and identifying the substances responsible for the regulation of antioxidant enzyme system from the plant extracts.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.278-282
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• 2009

Previous studies indicate that BF-7 enhances learning and memory in normal and elderly individuals. Here, we evaluated whether milk containing BF-7 (BF-7 milk) could improve the brain function, with thirty normal university students $(21{\pm}1.2 years)$. Two versions of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test were used under double-blinded conditions to measure the efficacy of BF-7 milk on learning and memory, especially working memory and attention, and on mathematical ability. As a result, BF-7 milk improved the accuracy of the task more than 3-fold. Furthermore, BF-7 milk protected cultured neuronal cells from 3-hydroxykynurenine, a normal endogenous brain stress agent. These results indicate that BF-7 milk enhances memory, attention and mathematical ability in normal persons.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2009

목 적: 본 연구에서는 외이도 및 중이에 생긴 편평상피암의 치료에 있어서 방사선치료의 역할에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1981년부터 2007년까지 외이도 및 중이에 생긴 편평상피암으로 치료 받은 총 35명의 기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 13명은 방사선치료 단독, 4명은 수술 단독, 18명은 수술 방사선 병용 요법으로 치료하였다. 방사선치료 단독군에서 조사된 중앙 방사선량은 66 Gy (범위, 39~70 Gy)이었고, 수술 방사선 병용 치료군에서는 61.2 Gy (범위, 44~70 Gy)를 조사하였다. 치료 방법에 따른 질병특이생존율 및 무국소진행생존율을 비교하였으며 추적관찰기간은 0.2~14.6년(중앙값 2.8년)이었다. 결 과: 3년 질병특이생존율 및 무국소진행생존율은 각각 80%, 63%이었다. 질병특이생존율에 관한 단변량 분석에서 전신수행상태 및 잔여 종양의 유무가 통계적인 유의성을 보여주었고, 무국소진행생존율에는 전신수행상태 및 조직학적 등급이 유의하였다. 치료 후 잔여 종양은 방사선 단독 치료군(69%)에서 수술 방사선 병용 치료군(28%)에 비해 많이 관찰 되었다. 비록 양군간에 질병특이생존율은 통계학적인 차이를 보이지 않았지만 방사선 단독 치료군에서 병용 치료군에 비해 조기 국소 재발의 빈도가 높았다. 결 론: 외이도 및 중이의 편평상피암 환자에서 방사선 단독 치료는 질병특이생존율에 있어서 수술 방사선 병용 치료와 유사한 결과를 보여주었다. 그러나 낮은 국소 제어율을 높이기 위한 치료 방법의 향상이 있어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.188-192
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• 2020

The most common forms of nonmelanocytic skin cancer (NMSC) are basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The growing incidence of skin cancer in the Republic of Korea has sparked increasing scientific interest in these types of tumors. In the case described herein, multiple NMSCs occurred asynchronously in various areas of the body in a single patient. A 67-year-old man presented with an ulcerative lesion on the right retro-auricle and multiple keratinized masses on the back and face. The right retro-auricular lesion was diagnosed as BCC, and the keratinized masses on the patient's back and face were diagnosed as SCC. He subsequently presented with numerous pigmented skin lesions on the forehead, temple, pre-auricle, neck, right forearm, right hand, and both thighs. One lesion on the neck was diagnosed as BCC, and five lesions on the right hand and forearm were diagnosed as SCC. The patient was also diagnosed with supraglottic SCC and external auditory canal SCC. An otolaryngologist performed radical excision of the primary SCC. Suspected skin cancer lesions observed on the face and both ears were diagnosed as SCC. Patients with multiple NMSCs are at an elevated risk for additional skin cancers, making periodic follow-up important; furthermore, all suspicious lesions should be biopsied.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.961-970
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• 2004

Tactile sensation is one of the most important sensory functions along with the auditory sensation for the visually impaired since it replaces the visual one of the persons with sight. In this paper, we present a tactile display device as a dynamic Braille display that is the unique tool f3r exchanging information among them. The tactile cell of the Braille display proposed is based on the dielectric elastomer, which is one of the electroactive polymers. It has advantageous features over the existing ones with respect to intrinsic softness, ease of fabrication, cost effectiveness and miniaturization. We introduce a new idea for actuation as well as additional considerations such as the driving circuit that makes it possible to drive multiple tactile cells in a high speed. Also, we describe the actuating mechanism of the Braille pin in details capable of realizing the enhanced spatial density of the tactile cells. Finally, results of psychophysical experiments are given to evaluate its effectiveness.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.462-467
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• 2007

The radix of Pueraria thunbergiana BENTHAM (Leguminosae) is traditionally prescribed to attenuate the clinical manifestations of inner ear dysfunction and various clinical situations including fever, gastrointestinal disorders, skin problems, migraine headaches, lowering cholesterol and treating chronic alcoholism in Oriental Medicine. In the present study, we examined the effect of ethanol extract of P. thunbergiana radix (EPR) on cisplatin-mediated HEI-OC1 auditory cell death. In addition, to investingate the protection mechanism of EPR on free radicals. Treatment of EPR protected cells from cisplatin and reduced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, EPR demonstrated significant scavenging activity against various free radicals, including superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and DPPH radical. These results indicate that EPR protects cisplatin-induced damages of HEI-OC1 cells through inhibition of lipid peroxidation and augmenting scavenging activities against free radials.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2010

시각장애인을 위한 보조공학(Assistive Technology : AT)의 연구개발은 보행과 정보 접근을 위한 것이 대부분이고, 특히 정보커뮤니케이션을 위한 음성도서용 DAISY플레이어나, 컴퓨터 화면을 읽어 주는 스크린 리더, 저시력자용 독서확대기, 점자 및 점자정보단말기 등이 상품화되어 오늘날 많은 시각장애인들에게 필수적인 보조공학기기로 자리 잡고있다. 시각장애인들이 사용하는 보조공학은 촉각이나 청각을 이용하여 시각 기능을 대행하기 때문에 감각대행기라고도 한다. 촉각을 이용한 감각대행기인 점자디스플레이와 점자정보단말기는 점자 형성을 위한 액츄에이터로 압전 소자로 만든 바이몰프가 사용되며, 점자셀의 점자(핀)는 바이몰프의 상하 운동에 의해 형성된다. 점자 셀은 휴대용 점자정보단말기에 사용되고 있기 때문에, 소형화 및 저가격화가 관건이 되며 현재는 일본의 KGS사가 세계 점자 셀(Cell) 시장의 80% 이상을 점유하고 있다. 본 연구진은 2003년에 저가/소형 원반형 점자디스플레이를 개발하여, 세계 최초로 제품화에도 성공한 바있다. 본고에서는 일본의 점자정보단말기를 비롯한 촉각디스플레이의 연구개발에 대해 검토하고 촉각을 이용한 감각대행 제품의 하나로서, 본 연구진이 개발한 원반형 점자디스플레이에 대해 고찰한다.