• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2008

Objectives : The study was intended to investigate whether Iljoong-eum (IJE) significantly affects proliferation and growth of prostate cancer cells. Materials and Methods : In vitro, after the treatment of DU-145 and PC-3 cells with IJE, we performed Sulforhodamine B (SRB) method. In vivo, a total of 8 male nude mice subcutaneously transplanted with the PC-3 cell line were divided in 2 groups. An experimental group was given IJE orally at a dose of 4.29ml/kg per day from the 8th to 31st day following tumor injection. All mice were observed for 31 days, and sacrificed by CO2 gas asphyxiation at the end of the experiment. The mean tumor volume and body weight of both groups were compared using Student's t-tests. Results : In vitro, IJE inhibited significantly proliferation and growth of DU-145 cells and PC-3 cells. In vivo, IJE inhibited significantly proliferation and growth of PC-3 cells xenografted into athymic nude mice. Conclusions : Our data has shown that IJE is effective in suppressing the growth rate of prostate cancer cells.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

Purpose: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and its tyrosine kinase receptor, VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-3 are recently known to have lymphangiogenic activities in various tumor types. In this study, we determined whether the expression of lymphangiogenic factors correlate with nodal metastasis or survival in a nude mouse model of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: Three OSCC cells (KB, SCC4, SCC9) were xenografted into the right mandibular gland of athymic nude mice. The mice were followed for tumor development and growth, and the mice were sacrificed when they had lost more than 20% of their initial body weight, or the diameter of the induced tumor exceeds 20 mm. After necropsy, the murine tumors were examined histologically and radiologically (micro-positron emission tomography computed tomography) for regional or distant metastasis. We performed immunohistochemical assays with anti-VEGF-C, VEGFR-3, CD105, and D2-40 antibodies. Immunofluorescence double staining for LYVE-1/CD31 was also performed. To quantify the VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 level in the cancer tissue, Western blotting was performed. Finally, we determined the correlation between the degree of expression of VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 and the mean survival time. Results: OSCC tumor cells into the mandibular gland of the nude mice successfully resulted in the formation of recapitulating orthotopic tumor. Tumor cells of the induced tumor did not express VEGF-C. VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 expression was mainly distributed in the endothelial cells of the stromal area. There were no correlation between the degree of expression of VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 and the mean survival time of mice injected with different OSCC cell lines. Conclusion: An recapitulating orthotopic model of OSCC in nude mice was established, which copies the cervical nodal metastasis of human OSCC. Overexpression of lymphangiogenic factors seems to have no effect on survival of hosts in this in vivo experiment.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.210-214
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 생분해성 고분자 담체인 PGA 담체에 부착된 간세포의 이식을 통해서 이식된 간세포가 괴사하지 않고 남아 있으며 간 조직 구조의 일종인 담세관 유사구조를 확인하였다. 조직공학적인 간세포 이식 방법의 개발은 간 질환에 새로운 치료방법 개발의 가능성을 열어줄 수 있다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2007

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of diets containing genistein and soy extract on the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells implanted into female Balb/c mice. Four-week-old female athymic nude mice (Balb/c) were acclimated to an AIN-93G control diet for 1 week and then injected MDA-MB-231 cells ($1{\times}10^6$/site) and were continued on the on AIN-93G control diet. Five weeks after injecting the MDA-MB-231 cells ($1{\times}10^6$/site), two experimental groups were assigned to diets containing genistein (750 ${\mu}g/g$ AIN-93G diet) or 0.6% soy extract (containing genistein at 750 ${\mu}g/g$ AIN-93G diet) until they were sacrificed. Tumor growth was significantly reduced in the groups treated with genistein and soy extract compared to the control group. The results of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) assay also revealed that genistein and soy extract treatment reduced the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in vivo. In the present study, dietary isoflavone was provided just before solid tumor formation, and thus the timing of dietary isoflavone administration may be critical to the suppression of tumor growth.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 1999

Objectives : To analyze the effect of retinoids on the differentiation in HNSCC xenografts. Materials and Methods : RA (20mg/kg) or 13-cis-RA (60mg/kg) was orally administered once in a day for 30 days in the xenograft model we prepared using athymic nude mice with AMCHN-4 and -6. We carried out H & E staining and immunohistochemical staining with the monoclonal antibody against involucrin and cytokeratin 10. Results : Both RA and 13-cis-RA were found to suppress the differentiation of AMC-HN-4. Interestingly, RA enhanced the differentiation of AMC-HN-6, although 13-cis RA did not exhibit any effect on the differentiation. These results suggest that in vivo effect of retinoids on the HNSCC growth and differentiation might be various. Retinoids-induced P450 in AMC-HN-6 might be one of the mechanisms to explain the reason why the retinoids exhibit various functions in the HNSCC.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.89.1-89.7
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• 2022

It is challenging to diagnose metastatic tumors whose cellular morphology is different from the primary. We characterized canine primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PAC) and its xenografted tumors by histological and immunohistochemical analyses for critical diagnostic and cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. To generate a tumor xenograft model, we subsequently transplanted the tissue pieces from the PAC into athymic nude mice. Immunohistochemical examination was performed for diagnostic (TTF-1, Napsin A, and SP-A) and CSC markers (CD44 and CD133). The use of CSC markers together with diagnostic markers can improve the detection and diagnosis of canine primary and metastatic adenocarcinomas.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Purpose: Tumor associated angiogenesis and/or lymphangiogenesis are known to be linked by VEGFR signaling pathways. These processes are regulated by several growth factors including VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3. E7080 is an orally active inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases including VEGFR-2, 3. Therefore, it was proposed that E7080 may inhibit angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of E7080 in a nude mouse model of OSCC. Methods: KB cells were xenografted into the submucosal tissue of the mouth floor of athymic mice. Seven days after the xenograft, the mice were randomized into 2 groups. E7080 were administered orally to the experimental group once per day. The mice were sacrificed 3 weeks after the treatment. The tumors were examined histopathologically. Immunohistochemical assays with anti- VEGF-C, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, phosphorylated VEGFR-2/3 (pVEGFR-2/3), and D2-40 antibodies were then performed. Results: The transplantation of human OSCC tumor cells into the mouth floor resulted in the formation of orthotopic tumors. The experimental (E7080 treatment) group showed a slowly increased tumor volume. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining demonstrated higher levels of VEGF-C, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, pVEGFR-2/3 and D2-40 expression in the control group than in the experimental group. Conclusion: These results suggest that E7080 may provide therapeutic benefits in OSCC.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECFTIVES: The present study was conducted to examine the inhibitory effect of loquat leaves on MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and invasion. MATERIALS/METHODS: Female athymic nude mice were given a subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation of MDA-MB-231 cells and randomly grouped to receive a s.c. injection of either 500 mg/kg ethanol, water extract or vehicle five times a week. Tumor growth, mitotic rate and necrosis were examined. MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured with DMSO or with various concentrations of loquat water or ethanol extract. Proliferation, adhesion, migration, invasion and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity were examined. RESULTS: Tumor growth of xenograft nude mouse was significantly reduced by loquat extracts. The results of mitotic examination revealed that loquat extracts reduced tumor cell division. Both ethanol and water extracts significantly inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation. The protein expression of ErbB3 was significantly down-regulated by loquat leaf extracts. Loquat leaf extracts increased apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells following 24 hour incubation and the ethanol extract was more potent in inducing apoptosis than the water extract. Furthermore, loquat extracts inhibited adhesion, migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. MMP activity was significantly inhibited by loquat extracts. CONCLUSION: Our results show that extracts of loquat inhibit the growth of tumor in MDA-MB-231 xenograft nude mice and the invasion of human breast cancer cells, indicating the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and invasion.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.975-982
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• 2008

We investigated whether transplantation of osteogenically differentiated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and the use of an hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffold can enhance the in vivo bone formation efficacy of human BMMSCs. Three months after implantation to the subcutaneous dorsum of athymic mice, transplantation of osteogenically differentiated human BMMSCs increased the bone formation area and calcium deposition to 7.1- and 6.2-folds, respectively, of those of transplantation of undifferentiated BMMSCs. The use of the HAp scaffold increased the bone formation area and calcium deposition to 3.7- and 3.5-folds, respectively, of those of a polymer scaffold. Moreover, a combination of transplantation of osteogenically differentiated BMMSCs and HAp scaffold further increased the bone formation area and calcium deposition to 10.6- and 9.3-folds, respectively, of those of transplantation of undifferentiated BMMSCs seeded onto polymer scaffolds. The factorial experimental analysis showed that osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs prior to transplantation has a stronger positive effect than the HAp scaffold on in vivo bone formation.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Cancer stem cells, which are known to drive tumor formation and maintenance, are a major obstacle in the effective treatment of various types of cancer. Trans-membrane glycoprotein mucin 1 antigen and cell surface glycogen CD44 antigen are well-known surface markers of breast cancer cells and breast cancer stem cells, respectively. To effectively treat cancer cells and cancer stem cells, we developed a new drug-encapsulating liposome conjugated with dual-DNA aptamers specific to the surface markers of breast cancer cells and their cancer stem cells. These two aptamer (Apt)-targeted liposomes, which were prepared to encapsulate doxorubicin (Dox), were named "Dual-Apt-Dox". Dual-Apt-Dox is significantly more cytotoxic to both cancer stem cells and cancer cells compared to liposomes lacking the aptamers. Furthermore, we demonstrated the inhibitory efficacy of Dual-Apt-Dox against the experimental lung metastasis of breast cancer stem cells and cancer cells in athymic nude mice. We also showed the potent antitumor effects of dual-aptamer-conjugated liposome systems by targeting cancer cells as well as cancer stem cells. Thus, our data indicate that dual-aptamer-conjugated liposome systems can prove to be effective drug delivery vehicles for breast cancer therapy.