• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.61-70
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• 2016

Construction enterprises have performed various projects such as buildings, infrastructure and plant projects in the international market. Among these, the plant project's amount of orders accounted for about 68.9% of all. However, because of the enterprises won a contract with a low-budget for plant project in the last 10 years, the profit has dropped dramatically. And it is forecasted that there are extreme competition for bid award of plant projects because of the current falling oil prices and raising interest rates. In this circumstance, the comprehending of enterprises strength and weakness must be a priority to get a sustainable competitive advantage. Therefore this research suggests the enterprises's capability assessment framework and it is in order to diagnose the korean construction enterprises capabilities. The framework is based on the VRIO model that is on the basis of resource based theory. First, the capability assessment indices and their importance and priority that based on the life-cycle of plant project is deducted by literature review and survey. Second, the 5 point likert score applied VRIO survey is conducted to diagnose the enterprises and quantified the survey result using the fuzzy theory. Lastly, the competitvie implication and capability assessment are deducted.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.681-692
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• 2015

It is well documented that physiological and nutritional condition of wintering birds is strongly related to migration success to breeding sites, and also breeding success. However, how abiotic factors during winter affect the migration and breeding successes still remains unclear. Thus, this study developed a dynamic-state-dependent model for wintering life-history to identify the potential impact on the life-history, success to breeding site and breeding success of wintering birds, which are related to temperature fluctuation, interspecific competition and human disturbance at the wintering sites. To find the best-fit-model, we referred to the existing research data on wintering ecology of Red-crowned cranes (Grus japonensis) in Cheolwon, Korea, which is well documented as a long-term wintering study. Our model predicted that the higher temperature fluctuation and a higher rate of human disturbance are negatively related to migration success to breeding sites and their fitness, ultimately breeding success via changing of proportion in resource allocation (for e. g., lower energy compensation or higher level of stress accumulation). Particularly, the rate of body mass compensation after arrival at wintering sites may be accelerated when there are less temperature fluctuations and a lower rate of human disturbance. In addition, the rate of interspecific competition sharing the wintering foraging sites is negatively related to the rate of body mass compensation. Consequently, we discussed the conservation strategies of wintering birds based on the outcomes of the model.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.233-250
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• 2019

A re-assessment of the age structure of the population of the Antarctic icefish Pseudochaenichthys georgianus based on body length data covering the years 1976-2009 and including larvae and postlarvae collected in 1989 and 1990 allowed us to define age groups 0, I, and II as containing fish with respective body lengths of 6-9 cm, 15-27 cm and 27-39 cm. Age at maturity (first spawning) was found to occur in age group III at body lengths that have been falling from 50.1 cm in 1979 to 45.4 cm in 1992. Considering postlarvae together with adult fish, the v. Bertalanffy growth curve parameters were determined as L_∞ = 60.62 cm, k = 0.4, t₀ = 0.25. Although the reasons for a maturity at shorter body lengths is not fully understood a host of environmental factors like increasing water temperatures and possibly changes in currents, interspecific competition, food availability, etc. are likely to be involved. Global warming (and not primarily overfishing) is likely to have been responsible for the disappearance of larger fish in the surface waters of South Georgia since 1977, for virtually all commercial fishing stopped in the early 1990s. On the other hand, the appearance of numerous younger spawning individuals suggests that larvae do survive in the colder deeper water below 200 m. The biomass of Ps. georgianus oscillates with a 4-year periodicity in contrast to that of the coexisting icefish Chaenocephalus aceratus: the former with a lower biomass in warm years and a higher one in cold years. The biomass of the third species of icefish in the region, i.e. Champsocephalus gunnari, also oscillates, but with a longer periodicity than that involved in the biology of the other two and its biomass increases in contrast to the other two species. The result is that the biomass all three species considered together is rather stable.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze a conservation state and a sustainable use of coastal wetland in Sindu-ri Tae-an, using the plant community structure analysis and the awareness result of local residents by published paper. To investigate a forest structure in Sindu-ri area, twenty plots were set up and surveyed. The community, is divided by three groups. The divided groups are Robinia pseudoacacia(I), Pinus thunbergii-Robinia pseudoacacia(II), Robinia pseudoacacia(III). Survey site I is simple canopy layer and deteriorative forest. Survey site II is grassland and swamp, where Pinus thunbergii-Robinia pseudoacacia is dominant trees of vegetation. Robinia pseudoacacia is competition species with Pinus thunbergii in survey site II. Survey site III is barren land(sand-hill) where main species is Robinia pseudoacacia. As a result, survey II district is considered as the most suitable for the conservation of species diversity. It is proposed in this paper that the ecological nature trail would be connected in survey site I and II for environmental education. The local residents of Tae-an, where natural environment is well-conserved, prefer conservation to development of the region. In case of Tae-an, where the condition of the natural environment is well conserved and the development potential exists, the development is in harmony with the environmental education program.

• Clean Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.201-213
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• 1996

Environmental regulation has traditionally focused on specific phenomena and adopted the so-called end-of-pipe approach. Recently, however, the new environmental paradigm is more concerned with minimization of waste generation, efficient material and energy use, pollution prevention, etc. The basis of above concept is that one must consider the environmental impacts of a product not only during its manufacturing stage, but during all life stages. In the present study, the current status of LCA and its importance to environmental impacts have been reviewed. In the usual approach to LCA, screening LCA method has been used to promote international competition and define environmental concerns during semiconductor manufacturing. In the present study, a review of semiconductor manufacturing process and its environmental implication has been conducted to quantify the material and energy requirements, minimize the waste generation, and evaluate production cost. Recommended activities are also specified for process modification to improve the process efficiency.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.1B
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• pp.46-55
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• 2006

It is only natural, given that the competition environment and policy priorities in the telecommunications market vary from one country to another, that methods for assessing the cost of universal service obligations differ as well. In Korea, with the introduction in 2004 of LRIC for assessing the universal service cost, the national telecommunications authority is preparing for a substantial revision of the current cost assessment method, and discussions on details of changes to be introduced are in full swing. This paper will study estimation methods for universal service costs adopted by countries around the world and compare practices concerning two of the major issues surrounding the assessment of universal service obligation cost - universal service cost ceiling and intangible benefits - to provide directions for changes to be introduced to Korea's own cost estimation model.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.233-263
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the appropriateness of Regulatory Impact Analysis(RIA) in terms of the technological regulation impact assessment in order to confirm whether the current RIA process reflects the important characteristics of technological regulation. This paper develops a logical framework for analysis of technological regulation and evaluates the appropriateness of the RIA statements submitted by the government departments. From the viewpoint of [technological feasibility of regulation], [synthesis of domestic technological norms], [synthesis of international technological norms], as a result of evaluating the contents of the actual RIA statement on the basis of objective facts, feasibility of alternative analysis, and expert judgment, only 23.4% of the RIA statements were judged "appropriate", and there were no particular differences among the government. As a result of reviewing the appropriateness of RIA statements according to regulatory attributes, the appropriateness of RIA statements on technological regulation with social regulatory and indirect regulatory attributes was rather high. In sum, the level of Korean RIA statements is insufficient to carry out the practical meaning of technological regulation impact assessment. That is, as each government department adopts technological regulation, the understanding of the technological properties of the regulation may not be complete. The RIA statement that does not adequately reflect the technological rationale, hinders the careful review of other regulatory alternatives by exaggerating the feasibility of the technology regulation, at the same time leads to the serious problems that impede the acquisition of competitiveness of companies and the public in the global competition system.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.11-27
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• 2001

Machine translation (MT) quality assessment is an outstanding problem. In the present situation in which the quality of machine-translated products are far from the user\\`s satisfaction objective evaluation of MT system is a prerequisite to building mutual trust between the users and the vendors stimulating constructive competition among the developers and finally leading to improve the quality of MT systems. Especially there emerges a need for an intensive study on how to evaluate the quality of MT systems from both linguistic and data processing aspects and to secure a steady improvement of the translation quality. With due regard to such points we in this paper present a linguistic evaluation of English-to-Korean machine translation based on a test suite composed of 3.373 sentences that were classified into their linguistic phenomena and complexity levels and report the experimental results made from several commercial MT systems.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-78
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• 2001

Due to developments in information technology and ensuing changes in the concept of time and space, the significance of national boundaries has been weakened, bringing to attention the heightened competition among nations. In order to respond to these transformations, the Korean government is increasing its efforts to raise the authenticity of the National Technology Qualification System(NTQS) by closely linking NTQS testing method and procedure to practical knowledge and skills in the industry field. This initiative is based on the recognition that the human resources development is a crucial factor in determining a nation's competitiveness. This study aimed, first of all, to diagnose the problems directly and indirectly affecting the testing method in the current NTQS. And then, differentiated solutions according to grade and improvements in the testing infrastructure were suggested. The ultimate purpose was to provide a blueprint for enhancing national competitiveness through increased authenticity and efficiency of the NTQS. Research methods applied during this study include: the collection and review of qualification-related literature; a series of conferences with leading experts; interviews with vocational educators and researchers from qualification-related institutes; a survey of national qualification holders from a variety of professions and industries; and participatory observation at qualification exam centers. This research suggested policy recommendations as follows; First, measures to improve for testing method of professional engineer Second, measures to improve for testing method of Master craftsman Third, measures to improve for testing method of Engineer, Industrial Engineer, Craftsman Fourth, plans for the establishment of operation system for a computerized testing Fifth, institutional perspective on establishing qualification infrastructure Sixth, operational perspective on establishing qualification infrastructure

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.462-467
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• 2004

Design-build, which is defined as single source responsibility for design and construction, has been widely used in large public works since governmental formulation of measure for encouraging use of design-build in 1996. However, civic groups and small and medium sized enterprises are highlighting over-competition and unbalanced market shares of conglomerate in domestic design-bid market and insisting on decrease in the use of design-build and absorption into the lowest-price bidding. This study collected information about cost, schedule, quality, new technology adoption from 51 civil design-build projects and measured their performance.