• 과학교육연구지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.369-382
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• 2010

본 연구는 중학교 과학교사의 수업 실행 전문성의 개발을 위한 교사교육에 대한 요구를 조사하는데 그 목적이 있다. 최영 등의 틀(2010)을 보완하여 중학교 과학교사의 수업실행 전문성의 개발에 대한 교사교육의 요구를 조사하는 설문지를 제작하였다. 과학수업 전문성 6요소, 36관점에 대한 발달과 학습 수준, 교사 교육의 필요도와 우선 요구도를 조사하였다. 대구지역 중학교 과학교사 203명의 수업 실행 전문성의 발달 수준과 학습 수준은 2.45와 3.12이었다. 발달 수준과 학습 수준 향상을 위한 교사교육의 필요도는 3.45, 3.16이었고, 교사교육의 우선 요구도가 가장 높은 요소는'수업 계획'이었고 관점은 각각'개인차를 고려한 계획'과'학습 활동 계획'이었다. 교사교육의 필요도와 우선 요구도는 교사의 유형에 따라 유의미한 차이를 보였으며, 특히 경력이 적은 교사들과 지구과학 전공 교사들의 필요도와 우선 요구도가 높았다. 이상과 같은 교사교육에 대한 과학교사들의 요구는 수업 실행 전문성의 요소와 관점별로 발달 수준과 학습 수준을 향상시키는데 적합한 교사교육 프로그램 개발에 도움을 줄 것이라고 기대한다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2004

In recent years, the objective information for the environmental effect of architecture will be furnished to the designer and inhabitant in order to minimize an excessive energy consumption and environmental loads by buildings. In addition, an environmental friendly architectural certification program for a residence, office, and school facilities have been operated to spread and supply environmental friendly architecture. Most of the environmental friendly architectural certification programs proposed in the country are focused on the aspect of the physical environments of architecture in its certification ranges. In the case of a foreign country, however, the certification ranges of an environmental friendly architectural certification program for the school facilities among the programs will be extended not only to the standards for architectural design, environmental aspect, and maintaining and management basis by considering the characteristics of educational effects for students but also to the curriculum, policy of environment, and roles of local community facilities by reflecting a social aspect. Therefore, this study proposes a design and evaluation method by considering an ecological element that will satisfy the requirement for educational well-being that includes not only the requirement for school facilities according to the development of a new curriculum like a space for teaching and learning but also the improvement of the quality of educational environments and the objective of an ecological school.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.228-238
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• 1992

서브마이크론 설계규칙을 갖는 소자의 이층 배선 공정에서 다챔버 장비를 이용한 금속 층간절연막의 공극없는 평탄화를 위하여 PECVD와 $O_3$ ThCVD산화막의 증착시 층덮힘성을 연구하였다. 산화막의 두께가 증가됨에 따라 변화되는 순간단차비의 개념을 도입하여 공극형성의 개시점을 예측할 수 있는 관계식을 모델링하였고, 금속배선간격의 초기 단차비가 다양한 패턴에서 산화막의 두께에 따른 순간 단차비의 변화를 조사하였다. 모델링 검정결과 $5^{\circ}$이하의 re-entrant각을 갖는 TEOS에 의한 PECVO 산화막의 순간단차비가 모델링에 잘 일치하였다. 공극없는 평탄화는 제1층의 PECVD 산화막의 순간 단차비를 0.8이하로 유지하거나 Ar sputter식각을 통하여 산화막의 모서리에 경사를 준후 층덮힘성이 우수한 $O_3$ ThCVD산화막을 증착함으로써 가능하였다. $O_3$ ThCVD산화막의 etchback이 non etchback공정에 비하여 via접쪽저항체인에서 높은 수율을 보였으며, via접촉저항은 $0.1~0.3{\Omega}/{\mu}m^2$로 나타났다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2017

In recent through development of IOT owing to that mass stream data is being generated in variety of application complex event processing technology is being watched with keen interest as a technology to analyze this kind of real-time continuous data. However, the existing study related with complex event processing only comes to an end at simple event processing based on low-level event or comes to an end at service defect discovery with providing limited operator and so on. Accordingly, there would be limitation to provide useful analysis information. In this paper in consideration of complex event along with aspect-oriented programming an extended complex event model is provided, which is possible to provide more valuable and useful information. Specifically, we extend the model to support hierarchical event structures and let the model recognize point-cuts of aspect-oriented programming as events. We provide the event operators designed to specify the events on instances and handle temporal relations of the instances. It is presented that syntax and semantics of constructs in our event processing language including various and progressive event operators, complex event pattern, etc. In addition, an event context mechanism is proposed to analyze more delicate events. Finally, through application studies application possibility of this study would be shown and merits of this event model would be present through comparison with other event model.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.612-618
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• 2009

Recently the roles of railways about the prevention of global warming caused by greenhouse gases and for low carbon green growth are larger than ever. And the railroad-related research institutions have been active in researching for energy conservation. Especially the urban railroad has been emerged as the best means of transportation compared to the general public transportation systems in punctuality, stability, ecology and etc. In operating the urban railroad system there are various ways for energy savings. In the larger category, One is the hardware aspect according to the structure of the vehicle and the development of control systems. The other is the software aspect which efficient train operation can be made through control of driving patterns and driving diagram. In this paper, there is sense to analyze the result in verifying expectation relation with variable and the use of electric power on this after selecting main variables that can influence to the energy of the train operation in the software aspect. First, after collecting the basic data related to operation(train speed, operating hours, power consumption, the position of stopping station, electrical power system etc.) and according to this, investigating the consumption of the energy of the operation, in the side of energy consumption deducing and analyzing problem, this will be found solutions.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.601-604
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• 2010

In this study, the piezoelectric energy harvester was investigated employing the pillar structure with the diameter size of 50~500 um. Usually, the aspect ratio between the height and diameter was related with the piezoelectric performance. High aspect ratio was showed the low electric noise and high piezoelectric properties than low aspect ratio. Therefore, we have selected the Su-8 photo-resist and modified lithography process to manufacture the pillar structure with height above the 250 ${\mu}m$. In this presentation, we will report the process and properties of micro pillar structure based on the PMN-PZT (Pb$(Mg_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3$-PbZrTiO$_3$) materials.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.308-312
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• 2013

In this paper, we describe experiment results using a vibration assisted hybrid femtosecond laser (${\lambda}$:795 nm) ultra-precision machining system. The hybrid system we have developed is possible that optical focal point of the femtosecond laser constantly and frequently within the range of PZT(piezoactuator) vibrator working distance. Using the hybrid system, We have experimented on brass and studied about differences of result of hole aspect ratio compare to general experiment setup of femtosecond laser system. Aspect ratio of a micro hole on brass is increased as 54% with 100 Hz vibration frequency and surface roughness of the side wall also improved compare to non-vibration.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2011

Safety management paradigm which against human errors in aviation industry is now changing from the follow-up measures after accident in the past to systematic approach that a forecast the hazards and improve the working system of the group to prevent accidents. As human factors are based on the man's specific psychological traits, it takes much time and efforts to prepare the preventive measures. That's why aviation industry is interested in the accident-prevent measurements against human errors. In this thesis, therefore, we are going to introduce the efforts that aviation organizations have tried and recommend management systems and discuss the suggestive facts. At first, we discussed introduction of HFACS which is the systematic accidents-classification system related to human errors in the aviation organization and countermeasure in the aspects of management, technology/engineering, education training. We described about FOQA, LOSA, CRM/TEM, aviation safety information DB in the aspect of management, and explained safety technologies that prevent human errors or avoid technologically when emergency occurs in the aspect of technology/engineering. In the aspect of education training, we explained the application plan about safety programs(LOFT/Simulator use, CRM/TEM application etc).

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a direction for improving 'Geospatial information open platform' service to support the converged and integrated geospatial information. Since there can be a number of issues relating to the support for geospatial information convergence industry, two qualitative surveys were performed to collect opinions comprehensively and specifically. The responses from 165 experts from 5 areas that use geospatial information were used, and the requirements of demanders were divided into the aspect of policy, aspect of data development and distribution, and aspect of data utilization support in order to effectively analyze the survey results. As a result, a total of 26 major issues were derived and it was deemed that it is necessary to find a way to expand the role of 'Geospatial information open platform' from "Open-API Oriented Passive Spatial Information Open Platform" to "Platform that Comprehensively Provides Active Convergence Support Information" order to resolve the issues derived.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2010

Electric energy is indispensible of the development of the industrial and living sector. Among the energy sectors, the building area shares 20% of the produced electric power in Korea. As we plan to supply the apartment, we need to forecast the required amount of the electric energy and supply the infrastructure to apartment for the lighting, cooling. Nonetheless, it is not easy to forecast the required amount of the electric energy, considering the management aspect, building physical aspect and social-geographic aspect. In this paper, it studied the estimation model of the electric energy, reflecting the affecting variables such as total area, number of household, geography and so on. The estimation model is proposed in 3-types which explained in central heating, individual heating and district heating, and each type have two estimation model, reflecting the affecting variable and corelation between variables to eliminate the muticolinearity. The unit of electric energy consumption per area and year is similar in three heating type and the results are as follows; the central heating is $34.446kWh/yr{\cdot}m^2$, individual type is $35.756446kWh/yr{\cdot}m^2$ and district heating is $34.285446kWh/yr{\cdot}m^2$.