• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.53-56
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• 2016

$M{\ddot{o}}nckeberg$ sclerosis is a disease of unknown etiology, characterized by dystrophic calcification within the arterial tunica media of the lower extremities leading to reduced arterial compliance. Medial calcinosis does not obstruct the lumina of the arteries, and therefore does not lead to symptoms or signs of limb or organ ischemia. $M{\ddot{o}}nckeberg$ sclerosis most commonly occurs in aged and diabetic individuals and in patients on dialysis. $M{\ddot{o}}nckeberg$ arteriosclerosis is frequently observed in the visceral arteries, and it can occur in the head and neck region as well. This report describes a remarkable case of $M{\ddot{o}}nckeberg$ arteriosclerosis in the head and neck region as detected on dental imaging studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case that has been reported in which this condition presented in the facial vasculature. The aim of this report was to define the radiographic characteristics of $M{\ddot{o}}nckeberg$ arteriosclerosis in an effort to assist health care providers in diagnosing and managing this condition.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2009

Arteriosclerosis is a pathologic term that contains hardening of arterial wall, loss of arterial elasticity and stenosis of artery. To diagnose this disease, conventional angiography, MRA, transcranial doppler ultrasonography are commonly used. And it causes various clinical phases by a region of the disease. In oriental medicine, arteriosclerosis is classified into congested fluids(痰飮), blood stasis(瘀血), stagnation of Gi(氣滯) and treated by Herb-Med, acupuncture, cupping, moxibustion, and the like. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oriental medical therapy on cerebral arteriosclerosis. A patient with cerebrovascular disease admitted due to dizziness, mild dysarthria, tinnitus, anxiety disorder and his Brain MRA showed severe arteriosclerosis in right anterior cerebral artery(ACA) and middle cerebral artery(MCA). Every day, we administered to patient Herb Med and Herb pills. Also, acupuncture, moxibustion were done, too. As a result of the treatment, the patient's follow up Brain MRA showed improved state of ACA stenosis.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1192-1207
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to clarify the dynamic relationships among risk factors of arteriosclerosis and to develop and examine a model which could explain this relationship clearly. Data were collected from medical records of 400 male clients who visited a university hospital located in Inchon for physical examinations, from May 1996 to December 1996. Data were analyzed using the LISREL (Linear Structural Relationship) 8 program. To test the fitness of the hypothesized model, chi-square, RMSR (root mean square residual), GFI (goodness of fit index), CN (critical number) and Q-plot were used. Most of the fitness measurements, except the chi-square showed that the hypothesized model complimented the real data. According to the results, there were trends that obesity and hyperlipidemia were prevalent in heavier smokers, higher alcohol intakers, and groups who excercised less. Also, hypertension was more prevalent in older age, higher alcohol intaker, and higher serum lipid level groups. In contrast to the hypothesis, alcohol intake did not significantly affect serum lipid levels. This might be due to the serum lipid measurements (total cholesterol and trigryceride) used in this study to estimate hyperlipidemia. The direct effect of smoking on hypertension was not significant. However, the total effect of smoking on the hypertension was significant since indirect effects of smoking on hypertension, such as obesity and hyperlipidemia, were significant. The total effect of obesity on hypertension was significant since the indirect effect of obesity on hypertension via hyperlipidemia was significant, although the direct effect of smoking on hypertension was not significant. The degree of explaining hyperlipidemia with smoking, exercise, and obesity was high (60%), however, the degree of explaining obesity with age, smoking, alcohol intake, and exercise was very low (7%). On the basis of these results, high risk factors of arteriosclerosis such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity are either directly or indirectly correlated each other. Therefore, it is difficult to predict outcomes for increasing or decreasing the risk factors by simply modulating a factor. Smoking, alcohol, and exercise both directly and indirectly affected major risk factors of arteriosclerosis. Therefore, correcting these variables is required to decrease risk factors. Finally, the relationship among other risk factors which have been known to be related with arteriosclerosis (diet, stress or hereditary) should be clarified in further studies.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.231-240
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• 1999

Regular exercise is effective in preventing coronary disease such as angina pectoris and infarction, inside it can lower the blood pressure and aids in weight control and release of stress. Risk factors of arteriosclerosis is hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity and excessive smoking. Arteriosclerosis begins at young age worsens with age, particulary in male. For people with risk factors of arteriosclerosis, it is important to prevent arteriosclerosis-related disease with dietary, living pattern and exercise prescription. Dietary fibers promote exercise of the digestive tract and shortens the time food remains inside the digestive tract. It can prevent obesity, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis and colin cancer by blocking the absorption of cholesterol. Various vegetables and sea foods are lichen unsaturated fats and prevent the absorption of cholesterol inside the digestive tract. Essential fatty acids and unsaturated fats which are contained in vegetable oils, promotes metabolism while preventing absorption. In fruits, pectin water-soluble fiber, is present and lowers the level of cholesterol. By consuming foods that low in cholesterol and saturated fats, and rich in unsaturated fats, aliomentotherapy alone can reduce the plasma cholesterol by 10~l5$\%$. For ideal exercise, it should be aerobic with intensity of 60~80$\%$ HRmax, duration of 15~60min/day. The frequancy of 3~6/week is desirable the better exercise prescription is endurance aerobic exercise. To get more effect exercise, exercise consistency is very important.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.55-66
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• 2008

Objective&Methods: The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of HK-1000 Herbal-acupuncture solution at GB34(Yangleungchean) on hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis in rats. The author performed several experimental items to analyze the levels of various components and enzymes in serum, urine and liver, as well as the histological change of liver and aorta. Results: 1. HK-1000 herbal-acupuncture infusion increased the cell viability rate, DPPH radical scavenging activity and HMG-CoA reductase inhibition rate in rat liver cells. 2. The levels of total cholesterol, free cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, phospholipid in serum and AI(atherogenic index) were decreased, and the ratio of HDL to TCL(HDL/TCL) and the level of TG in serum were increased as compared with those of the control group. 3. In the HK-1000 group, serum AST and ALT were significantly lower than those of the HG group and saline group. 4. Hepatic GSH and catalase activities were significantly increased as compared with those of the saline group. Conclusions: From the above results, it is suggested that HK-1000 herbal-acupuncture at GB34 has a therapeutic effect on hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.269-279
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical application of blood-letting therapy and oriental medicine with arteriosclerosis obliterans. Methods: The patient in this case had been already treated by anticoagulation, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and thrombolysis. But these methods didn't work on patient and condition had gone bad. Finally the patient's left limb was about to be amputated. Patient did not wall to cut off her lower limb, so she visited us to find a way for treating and preserving her lower limb. A drastic treatment was necessary in this situation. We treated the patient with Korean traditional treatment. Specially excessive blood-letting therapy and oriental medicine helped the patient to decrease the pain, numbness and frigidity. Results: After treatment the chief complaint and accompanying symptoms were subsided and improved. And personal and social performance scale was increased. Conclusions: According to this study, Korean traditional treatment such as blood-letting therapy, and oriental medication is effective for the cure of arteriosclerosis obliterans. During this period, foot necrosis was delayed and amputation is not needed any more.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.126-133
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• 2012

Object : The Purpose of this study is to report the clinical application of Korean traditional medicine on gait disturbance with arteriosclerosis of lower limbs. Methods : The patient in this case had been already treated by anticoagulation and varicose vein operation for subsiding and improving intermittent claduication and rest pain, but these methods didn't work on the patient. Although the patient was classified as TASC-II D, bypass operation couldn't be treated because of heart disease of the patient. We treated Korean traditional medicine such as acupuncture, moxibustion, Danggwisaeyeoktang. Results : After treatment, peak walking time was increased, rest pain occurrence was decreased and going up and down the stairs was improved. Conclusions : According to this study, Korean traditional medicine such as acupuncture, moxibustion, Danggwisaeyeoktang is effective for the cure of intermittent claudication and rest pain caused by arteriosclerosis of lower limbs.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.79-89
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study is to propose the W area of pulse (AW) as a new index which can confirm the arteriosclerosis by analyzing parameters of 5-level pressure pulse waveform measurement system for normotensive group according to aging. Methods : We measured radial pulse waveforms of normotensive group (20 to 60 years old) using 3-dimensional pulse imaging analyser (DMP-3000, DAEYOMEDI Co., Korea). And then we analyzed various parameters for sclerosis of the arteries such as Height (h1, h2, h3, h4, h5), Time (t1, t2, t3, t4, t5), AW, AW rate, Total area of pulse (At) and Augmentation Index (AIx). Results : As a result of analyzing parameters according to the aging, h2, h3, AS (systolic area rate to AT), AIx and AW were increased but t2/t, t3/t, t5/t and AD (diastolic area rate to AT) were decreased. Conclusions : We checked blood vessel conditions for normotensive group according to aging and confirmed various parameters. Also, we found that AW was analogous to AIx which has been used for diagnosing arteriosclerosis. Furthermore, we confirmed the usefulness of AW as a new parameter for checking vessel condition and characteristic compared with the AIx.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2015

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is used to non-invasively estimate the severity of arteriosclerosis by measuring arterial stiffness. Increased arterial stiffness measured by PWV stands for progressive arteriosclerosis and is caused by atherosclerotic risk factors. This study is focused on how brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is related to the leading risk factors for arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis. Subjects were 114, 69 males and 45 females who are in 60's and had baPWV test for acute stroke. The results are as follows: the group with increased arterial stiffness showed significant increase in HbA1c, total cholesterol, BSBP (brachial artery systolic blood pressure), BDBP (brachial artery diastolic blood pressure), CSBP (central artery systolic blood pressure), CDBP (central artery diastolic blood pressure), augmentation index (AIx) and diabetes mellitus. Correlation analysis between baPWV and atherosclerotic risk factor showed significant relationship in age, HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, BSBP, BDBP, CSBP, CDBP and augmentation index. baPWV was independently related to age and BSBP in multiple linear regression analysis. The group with increased arterial stiffness was independently related to BDBP in multiple logistic regression analysis. This study might be meaningful in evaluating the relationship between arterial stiffness and atherosclerotic risk factor in a new way, and be helped to make various studies for cardiovascular disease.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.197-207
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• 2006

The object of this study was to examine the relationship between arteriosclerosis and oriental medical diagnosis of the patients who had suffered ischemic stroke. The degree of arteriosclerosis of the patients was assessed by cardio-ankle vascular index(CAVI), and diagnostic criteria used for all patients were deficiency of ki, deficiency of blood, blood stasis and stagnation of water. One hundred four patients were included and their general characteristics, CAVI and oriental diagnosis were evaluated. Results showed a significantly strong correlation between CAVI and blood stasis. These results suggest a close relationship between arterioslcerosis and blood static syndrome as defined by oriental medicine. If so, diagnosis of blood static syndrome is a reilable predictor of arteriosclerosis.