• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.129-139
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• 1999

This paper analyzes the trend of fashion and make-up in 1990s and their relevancy to each other. Based on the chronological analysis, we propose a new category for the fashion and make-up trend in 1990s, which is 1) traditional ecology period(1990∼1994), 2) versatile trial or decadent period(1995∼1997), and 3) soft landing period based on the minimal neo-ecology and romanticism(1998∼2000). Between 1990 and 1994, there was no differentiation in seasons. It appeared that spring/summer and fall/winter trend have had no big differences. At the beginning in 1990s, it was basically based on ecology concept that emphasizes the natural image. However after 1995, seasonal differences in trend are appeared and there were various make-up designs. The trends of spring/summer in 1996 could be named as color revolution period that emphasized the unique and individual expression of each person. In 1997, black, pastel, and brown colors were the result of reinterpreting the classic and sexy images of 1960s to natural and modernistic image of 1997. Purple color started to be introduced to us. In 1998, pastel tone, pink, and purple color expresses the glamorous look based on the romantic feminism. S/S of 1999 is mainly represented by minimalism and avant garde. For fall/winter trends, brown color lines make-up comes to mix with romantic image and developed into wine, orange, neon colors in 1995 and 1996. These colors were the symbol of property and sentiment. Gold make-up emphasizing the eye area was the tendency of that period. In 1997, the fear of coming end of century was expressed as decadent image. At that time, ethnic and romantic image appeared with vivid color lines, gold, red and violet. In 1998, romanticism was popular again with modernism and ethnic mood. It expressed the romantic elegant image. The trend has returned to the ecology mood again in 1999. This ecology is somewhat different from the previous ecology. It adds a sofistaiced feeling and sportic fashion. To express natural and sportic image, they choose pink blush. In coming 2000 as a new millennium, the yellow color will be main the stream to express vision, dream, and happiness in both fashion and make-up as an accent color. The minimal design and minimal tools will be used for the design and make-up, respectively. In addition, the fusion concept will dominate the fashion and make-up industry in the globalized and boundariless age. Through this paper, we hope that make-up can be accepted as a part of total fashion in its relationship with other elements such as shoes, clothes and accessory and that it can be considered as a independent art that has direct influence on people and industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.6 s.165
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• pp.911-922
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• 2007

In this study, for the purpose of correct viewing on the image of Africa and understanding of modem fashion, African image and art, the general characteristics of African costume, the background of fashion subjecting African image, and the trend according to ages were examined based on theoretical background. Then the researcher drew African image by analyzing the works in four 2005 S/S major fashion collections to designers and design factors. The ten voted designers' and brands' works in 2005 S/S collections had four concepts of African image; 'Wild Erotic', 'Abstract Primitive', 'Natural Elegant' and 'Sporty Romantic'. The viewpoint of modem fashion on African image from the aspect of design, designer and fashion trend can be examined as below. First, African costume, which was religious and ceremonial, appeared to emphasize its esthetic side with decorative details in modem fashion design and designers competed to choose a method to harmonize tradition and modem style and by adopting these from occult to decorative meaning, Second, fashion designers presented city unpolished beauty of modem women to a special style and made african image to be recognized as a code of fashion culture by integrating it with modem people's mind to go back to the past and admiration for the purity of nature. Third, thanks to the instinctive vitality hidden in the primitive life, inspiration for creative design that is found in the esthetic mind of the Indians, foreign taste emphasizing ethnic trend, and admiration to naturalism due to the increase of concern over ecology, 'African image' led the beginning of 21C trend by being settled as a in fashion trend.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.5 s.142
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• pp.626-636
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• 2005

These days. the representative fashion image is sexy look. Hence, a bodily exposure phenomenon has been spread by the effect of minimal fashion. In terms of this trend, the body make-up art such as the temporary painting have the painting dyeing the surface of skin has the characteristic naturally decolorized. It is different from tattoo pricking the skin with dyes. Especially, Henna among the temporary painting has been used to represent the individual characteristic for a long time. However, the research of henna pattern related to fashion images and korean traditional patterns has never been developed before within the country. In the research, we developed Korean Henna design through the application of Korean traditional patterns. First of all, a fashion image was classified as five parts (romantic, sexy, eligant, modem and casual) adopted by relebvant experts.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.41-51
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• 2009

인쇄전자(printed electronics) 기술은 인쇄(graphic art printing)가 가능한 기능성전자 잉크소재를 이용하여 초저가격의 프린팅 공정을 통해서 다양한 전자소자를 제작하는 기술로서, 차세대 모바일 IT 기기의 제작에 적합한 전자제품을 생산하는 데 적합한 공정 기술로 인식되고 있다. 현재 기술 수준이 일부 요소 부품을 제작하는 수준에 머무르고 있으나, 여러 가지 잉크소재 및 다양한 초미세 인쇄공정 기술의 개발이 진행됨에 따라 향후 다양한 공정 분야에 적용될 것으로 예상되며, 궁긍적으로 전자제품을 생산하는 기존 반도체 공정을 대체하는 공정으로 자리매김을 할 것으로 예상된다. 특히 인쇄공정 기술은 저온에서 공정이 가능한 기능성 잉크소재들의 개발을 통해서 유연한 플라스틱 기판에 전자소자를 제작하는 플렉시블 전자소자(flexible electronics) 기술과 높은 공정 결합성을 지니고 있으며 이들 공정을 결합하여 향후 연속 공정(roll-to-roll)의 구현이 가능할 것으로 예상된다. 본 기고문에서는 이러한 인쇄전자 기술의 개발동향에 대해서 기술하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.81-97
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• 2012

The objective of this paper is to investigate the 'state of the art' of the interdomain routing protocol BGP. First, BGP is critically reviewed focusing on the BGP policy and decision making process. And then the problems which still remain as open questions are investigated in the areas of 1) protocol stability, 2) traffic engineering and 3) quality of service. The recent research trend to answer the open questions is discussed.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.33-46
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• 2010

인쇄전자회로 기술은 인쇄(graphic art printing) 공정을 활용한 다양한 광/전자 기기 개발을 위한 핵심요소 기술이다. 기능성 전자 잉크 소재와 초저가격의 프린팅 공정을 통해서 유비쿼터스 시대의 차세대 모바일 IT 기기의 생명력을 불어넣게 된다. 현재 기술 수준이 일부 요소 부품들을 제작하고 기본 단위의 정보처리를 가능케 하는 수준에 머무르고 있으나, 여러 가지 잉크 소재 및 다양한 초미세 인쇄 공정 기술의 개발이 진행됨에 따라 향후 폭넓은 분양에 적용될 것으로 기대된다. 궁극적으로 인쇄전자회로의 성능이 향상되고 고집적화 됨으로써 기존의 Si 기반 CPU나 IC 칩을 대체하는 공정으로 자리매김을 할 것으로 예상된다. 본 기고문에서는 이러한 인쇄전자회로 기술 및 동향에 대해 기술하였다. 특히, 현재 폭넓게 연구가 진행중인 차세대 디스플레이 백플레인이나 개별물품단위 트래킹을 위한 플라스틱 RFID 태그 적용을 위해 필요한 요건들을 인쇄전자회로 기술관점에서 조망하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.3 no.1 s.4
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• pp.78-87
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• 2005

The Purposes of this article are to find Christian religion and Germany expressionism which were background of Nolde's art and analyze formation and special quality, expression mode of holy picture. If synthesize contents of these analysis, we could know that faith is giving religious inspiration continuously during his lift to Protestant experience through the Bible. Though there is some difference by time but we could foretell that he accomplished modern holy picture of new sensitivity by doing individual expression with equal Bible subject traditionally in 20th century that change unlike existent holy picture with these motive power. That is, with new trend which religious inspiration as imagination which spring up in experience that is not experience of artificial Christian religion is then expressionism various that historically, he accomplished unique holy picture to related each other with the historic event.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1991.07a
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• pp.787-794
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• 1991

The objective of this paper is to survey the state of the art of multisensor data fusion in intelligent robot systems. The variety of approaches to the problem of multisensor fusion ranging from general frameworks to robotic applications is surveyed. We have classified them into three categories : sensor modeling, fusional methods, and robotic applications. Also we present research trend and future direction of multisensor fusion.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.25
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• pp.61-67
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• 2000

The goals and meanings of this papers are set up to analyse the trend of Design immerged in 21st century with studying Fusion culture which is related with Digital concept that is the most spot-lighted in 21st century and summarizing the effects of this tendency given to Design. We are experiencing Digital Revolution which leads us from Analog Society to Digital society. Also, this means that New Millenium starts with characteristics of [End of Century]. I focus on the concept of Fusion-design, in the view of Art-Nouveau and Post-Modernism which came over the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century. Furthermore, I define the Fusion-design of Digital era and find the way that design of 21st century develops.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.196-199
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• 2003

In a modern society, as the architectural materials have become main subject of the interior design expression, their influence on architecture is becoming substantial. There are multiple ways of using architectural materials. The aesthetic value is greatly enhanced by the fact that the architectural materials can be used to create unrestricted and new expression. The modern time is uncertain and rapidly changing. In this era of chaos and diversity, the materialism is being superseded by idealism. Speedy exchange of information among the countries with development of new technology and materials increases the possibility of new expressions. Each new material that adds new value influences on the other art as well as the architecture. These characteristics of new expressions could be viewed as having close relationship with current idealism. Therefore, the study on the expressive trend of architectural materials will provide better understanding and translation on expression of interior design. At this point, this study has a purpose in not only understanding architectural materials but also researching for the characteristics of expression on interior design with consideration of paradigmatic variation in modern times.