• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.86-91
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• 1997

Some natural polyhydroxy aromatic compounds have inhibitory activity against tyrosinase, key enzyme for formation of melanin pigment. We examined the structure-activity relationship of the natural polyhydrowy aromatic compounds and synthesized a number of new derivetives through various methods. Skin lightening effects of these compounds were examined through inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase and inhibitory of melanogenesis on B-16 melanoma cells. These new compounds showed strong inhibitory activity against tyrosinase. Good lightening effects sue to inhibition of melanogenesis were observed from several resorcinol and pyrogallol derivatives. In toxicological tests such as skin primary irritation and sensitization, the above compounds were sufficiently safe for cosmetic use.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2009

용액중합 스티렌-부타디엔 고무 컴파운드 가교체의 균열저항성 및 마모특성에 미치는 공정오일의 영향을 조사하기 위해 방향족 고리화합물(PCA) 성분을 다량 함유하고 있는 방향족 오일과 저 PCA 오일을 선택하였다. 인장강도 및 인열강도 결과에 의하면 방향족 오일함유 컴파운드가 저 PCA 오일함유 컴파운드에 비해 우수한 물성을 나타내었다. 또한 방향족 오일함유 컴파운드가 균열저항성이 월등히 우수하였고, 특히 인열에너지가 낮은 범위에서 더 우수한 결과를 나타내었다. 마모저항특성은 마찰에너지가 낮은 범위에서는 방향족 오일함유 컴파운드가 우수한 결과를 나타낸 반면, 높은 마찰에너지 범위에서는 저 PCA 오일 함유 컴파운드가 오히려 높은 저항성을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.330-337
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• 2018

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including naphthalene, are widely distributed in nature. Naphthalene has been regarded as a model PAH compound for investigating the mechanisms of bacterial PAH biodegradation. Pseudomonas sp. AS1 isolated from an arseniccontaminated site is capable of growing on various aromatic compounds such as naphthalene, salicylate, and catechol, but not on gentisate. The genome of strain AS1 consists of a 6,126,864 bp circular chromosome and the 81,841 bp circular plasmid pAS1. Pseudomonas sp. AS1 has multiple dioxygenases and related enzymes involved in the degradation of aromatic compounds, which might contribute to the metabolic versatility of this isolate. The pAS1 plasmid exhibits extremely high similarity in size and sequences to the well-known naphthalene-degrading plasmid pDTG1 in Pseudomonas putida strain NCIB 9816-4. Two gene clusters involved in the naphthalene degradation pathway were identified on pAS1. The expression of several nah genes on the plasmid was upregulated by more than 2-fold when naphthalene was used as a sole carbon source. Strains have been isolated at different times and places with different characteristics, but similar genes involved in the degradation of aromatic compounds have been identified on their plasmids, which suggests that the transmissibility of the plasmids might play an important role in the adaptation of the microorganisms to mineralize the compounds.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2006

Rot 3 유전자로 형질전환된 들깨를 이용하여 aromatic compounds, brightness, 안토시아닌 함량, leaf index를 조사하여 모본과의 품질적인 차이가 있는가를 조사하여 형질전환체의 안정성을 확보하기 위한 연구이다. Rot 3 유전자는 T1 과T2 세대에서 유전자발현이 되었으며, 형질전환이 확인된 개체는 주요 농업형질이 형질전환 되지 않은 들깨와는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 aromatic compounds와 leaf brightness도 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 leaf index는 유전자의 표현을 나타내어 형질전환체와 형질전환되지 않은 들깨잎의 모양은 차이가 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.120-128
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• 2017

This study aimed to provide volatile flavor compounds of three onion products through thermal process and alcohol fermentation, to meet the quality standard of onion products. The identified components of onion extracts (OE) included 49 (18 sulfur-containing compounds, 5 alcohols, 8 acids, 3 ketones, 4 esters, 4 aromatic compounds, 2 aldehydes, 1 pyrazines and 4 miscellaneous compounds), and 55 (17 sulfur-containing compounds, 15 alcohols, 5 acids, 11 ketones, 3 aromatic compounds, 2 aldehydes and 1 pyrazine) in autoclave-sterilized onion extracts (SOE); and 69 (10 sulfur-containing compounds, 27 alcohols, 11 acids, 11 ketones, 6 esters, 1 aromatic compound and 3 pyrazines) in onion wine (OW), respectively. Among the major flavor classes, sulfur-containing compounds (36.8%), acids (31.3%) and aldehydes (13.6%) in OE were changed to alcohols (46.5%) and ketones (27.3%) in SOE whereas, alcohols (56.3%) and acids (26.6%) in OW. Moreover, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone were highly detected in SOE whereas, acetic acid, 3-methylbutanol, 2-phenylethanol and 1,2,3-propanetriol in OW.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.43-46
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• 2012

In this study, comprehensive two dimension gas chromatography (2D GC-MS) and 15 T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (15T FT-ICR MS) connected to atmospheric pressure photo ionization (APPI) have been combined to obtain detailed chemical composition of a diesel oil sample. With 2D GC-MS, compounds with aliphatic alkyl, saturated cyclic ring(s), and one aromatic ring structures were mainly identified. Sensitivity toward aromatic compounds with more than two aromatic rings was low with 2D GC-MS. In contrast, aromatic compounds containing up to four benzene rings were identified by APPI FT-ICR MS. Relatively smaller abundance of cyclic ring compounds were found but no aliphatic alkyl compounds were observed by APPI FT-ICR MS. The data presented in this study clearly shows that 2D GC-MS and 15T FT-ICR MS provides different aspect of an oil sample and hence they have to be considered as complementary techniques to each other for more complete understanding of oil samples.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2000

Hydroxybenzoic acids are the most important intermediates in the degradative pathways of various aromatic compounds. Microorganisms catabolize aromatic compounds by converting them to hydroxylated intermediates and then cleave the benzene nucleus with ring dioxygenases. Hydroxylation of the benzene nucleus of an aromatic compound is an essential step for the initiation and subsequent disintegration of the benzene ring. The incorporation of two hydroxyl groups is essential for the labilization of the benzene nucleus. Monohydroxybenzoic acids such as 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 4-hydrosybenzoic acid, opr pyrocattechuic acid that are susceptible for subsequent oxygenative cleavage of the benzene ring. These terminal aromatic intermediates are further degraded to cellular components through ortho-and/or meta-cleavage pathways and finally lead to the formation of constituents of the TCA cycle. Many groups of microorganisms have been isolated as degraders of hydroxybenzoic acids with diverse drgradative routes and specific enzymes involved in their metabolic pahtway. Various microorganisms carry out unusual non-oxidative decarboxylation of aromatic acids and convert them to respective phenols which have been documented. Futher, Pseudomonas and Bacillus spp. are the most ubiquitous microorganisms, being the principal components of microflora of most soil and water enviroments.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.919-929
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• 2020

방향족 화합물은 화학, 식품, 고분자, 화장품, 의약 산업 등에 이용되는 중요한 물질로, 현재까지 대부분 화학 합성법 또는 식물 추출법으로 만들어진다. 그러나, 화석 연료의 고갈, 지구 온난화, 환경규제의 강화, 식물자원의 과다한 채취 등의 많은 위협요인에 직면하면서 재생 가능한 생물자원을 이용한 미생물을 이용한 생물공학적 방법으로 방향족 화합물을 생산하는 것은 매우 유망한 대안이다. 대사공학이 합성생물학과 접목되면서, L-트립토판 생합성 경로 유래의 인공 생합성 경로가 재 구축되어 5-히드록시트립토판, 세로토닌, 멜라토닌, 7-염화-L-트립토판, 7-브로모-L-트립토판, 인디고, 인디루빈, 인돌-3-초산, 바이오라세인, 데옥시바이오라세인과 같은 다양한 고부가 화합물을 생산할 수 있게 되었다. 본 총설은 이러한 방향족 화합물의 특성, 용도, 생합성 경로를 요약하였다. 또한 방향족 화합물을 미생물을 이용하여 생산하기 위한 최신의 대사공학 전략과 생산 농도를 올리는데 제기되는 문제들을 극복하기 위한 해결방안 등을 정리하여 보고한다. 시스템 대사 공학에 기반한 균주 개발과 재생 가능한 생물자원을 사용한 배지 및 생물공정의 최적화가 이루어지면 방향족 화합물의 미생물 생산을 위한 상업적으로 실행 가능한 기술 개발을 가능하게 할 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.222-228
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• 2010

Biological degradation of nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds was investigated in activated sludge previously adapted to mineralize low concentrations of nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds. Normally, the time required for 95% degradation of 10 mg/l dinitrophenol (DNP) under aerobic conditions was less than 4 hours without any lag, and with mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) levels from 600 to 1,000 mg/l. However, when the initial DNP concentration was increased to 75 mg/l, lags and even complete inhibition of DNP degradation were observed. The length of the lag was found to increase proportionally with decreasing MLSS levels. When dilute activated sludge was incubated for extended periods (192 hours), degradation of 75 mg/l DNP did eventually occur after lag periods of 37 to 144 hours, depending on the MLSS concentration. DNP was degradable in high concentrations if MLSS concentrations were sufficiently high to allow growth of bacteria resistant to the toxic effects of DNP.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.281-283
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• 1993

Aromatic nitro compounds are selectively hydrogenated to the corresponding amines in high yields at room temperature and atmospheric pressure using BER-Pd catalyst without affecting ketone, ether, ester, nitrile or chloro groups also present. Especially the nitro group in 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol, methyl 4-nitrobenzyl ether and N-N-dimethyl 4-nitrobenzylamine is selectively hydrogenated with this catalyst to give the corresponding amines without hydrogenolysis of benzylic groups. And aromatic nitro compound can be reduced selectively in the presence of aliphatic nitro compound.