• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.448-452
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• 2015

'Seeberry' is a short-day $F_1$ hybrid strawberry for seed propagation, that was released by the Protected Horticulture Experiment Station (RDA, Republic of Korea) in 2013. Inbred lines derived from domestic germplasms and selected varieties were used to develop this cultivar. 'Seeberry' originated from a cross of two inbred lines: a male parent 'Wongyo 3115' with high firmness and a female parent 'Wongyo 3116' with excellent fruit shape and high yield. 'Seeberry' cultivar should be grown with a crown diameter of over 10 mm to reveal its unique characteristics. 'Seeberry' has an upright plant shape with elliptic leaves, 12-15 flowers per cluster, vigorless growth habit, and average flower bud differentiation compared to vegetatively propagated cultivars. Fruits of 'Seeberry' are conical, having light skin color and approximately 15-16 g in average weight. Yield of this cultivar is about 92% lower than that of 'Akihime', but 'Seeberry' has excellent taste, sugar content of $9.7^{\circ}Bx$, acidity of 0.6%, and good texture. With regard to disease and pest resistance, 'Seeberry' is sensitive to powdery mildew, aphids, and the two-spotted spider mite, and is resistant to anthracnose.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.403-408
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• 2013

A survey of pest occurrence and status of farmer's pest management was conducted at 45 cymbidium farms in 10 major cultivation areas in Korea. The pest species collected from the cymbidium farms were identified as follows: Tetranychus urticae Koch, Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, Pinnaspis aspidistrae Signoret, Incilaria confusa Cockarel, Halyomorpha brevis Walker, Myzus persicae S$\ddot{u}$lzer, and Aphis gossypii Glover, Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus, Thrips flavus Schrank, and Thrips tabaci Lindeman. The two-spotted spider mite, T. urticae, was the key pest in cymbidium production, occurring on 45 farms, followed by scales (20 farms), slugs (6), thrips (8), aphids (5), and stinkbug (1). PCR-RFLP of the rDNA ITS2 region revealed that two thrips species, Thrips flavus Schrank and Thrips tabaci Lindeman, occur on cymbidium farms. Therefore, it is necessary for the cymbidium farmers to establish an integrated pest management system to meet quarantine standards.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.283-289
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the biological characteristics of the brown lacewing Micromus angulatus (Stephens) at four different temperatures (15, 20, 25, and $30^{\circ}C$) and $70{\pm}10%$ relative humidity under a photoperiodic regime of 16:8(L:D) h. The developmental threshold and effective accumulative temperature from egg to pupa for M. angulatus were $9.6^{\circ}C$ and 270.3 day-degrees, respectively. The developmental period of egg, larva, and pupa at $25^{\circ}C$ was 4.4, 5.5, and 6.9 days. respectively. The longevity of an adult female M. angulatus was 34.9 days. The oviposition period for M. angulatus was 28.7 days, in which it laid a total number of 515.2 eggs during its life span. The maximum number of eggs laid by a female in a day was 54.8. Daily consumption by M. angulatus at $25^{\circ}C$ was 18.9 $1^{st}$ instars, 47.2 $2^{nd}$ instars, 57.7 $3^{rd}$ instars, and 91.0 adults of the glasshouse potato aphid, Aulacorthum solani. Therefore, M. angulatus could be a promising biological control agent against aphids.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.448-453
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• 2013

We investigated the occurrence of major pests, 4 species of moths (Grapholita dimorpha Busck, Carposina sasakii Matsumura, Archips breviplicanus Walsingham, Adoxophyes orana Fischer von Roslerstamm), apple aphid (Aphis spiraecola Patch), two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) and parasitoids in pear orchard with hairy vetch and cutting weeds in Yesan, Chungnam province during the flowering season and summer depression season of hairy vetch, in 2012 and 2013. The occurrence of 4 species of moths in hairy vetch plot and cutting weeds (major is finger grass, Digitaria sanguinalis, 80%) were little different but in case of apple aphid, the density in hairy vetch plot was just 95 aphids per stem at 20th June but low after then. The density of two spotted spider mite on pear leaf in hairy vetch plot was lower than in cutting weeds plot significantly. The number of parasitoids collected in hairy vetch plot during flowering season (May and June) were 398 and 798 in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The number of parasitoids collected in hairy vetch plot during summer depression season (July and August) were 114 and 172, respectively. But in cutting weeds plot, 9 and 22 in May and June, 8 and 5 in July and August. We didn't know either hairy vetch in pear orchard affected the occurrence of 4 species of moths, apple aphid and two spotted spider mite or not but was acted to be favorable for wasps, the natural enemies on the contrary. The improvement of chemical control systems through the selection of low chemicals to natural enemies with cover and green manure plants would turn effective pest management into a possibility.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.319-325
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• 2009

Woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum, overwintered as adult or nymph stage on rootstocks, and crown- and root sucker in the soil. In an un sprayed apple orchard, the number of E. lanigerum colony started to increase from mid-April, showed the 1st peak between late June and early July, thereafter decreased followed by the 2nd peak in late July, and then again peaked in late September as the size in the 1st peak. In this orchard, the number of E. lanigerum colonies per tree did not exceed 3.5 colonies during the peak occurrence period, and was maintained around 2 colonies throughout seasons. In all seasons, parasitism of Aphelinus mali on E. lanigerum was much lower on root colonies than on aerial colonies that located on shoots and tree trunks above the ground. The parasitism of E. lanigerum was high in most orchards examined, showing parasitism of > 70% in maximum in most cases. In the laboratory bioassay for the mortality effects of several insecticides on E. lanigerum, fenitrothion, dichlorphos, machine oil, methidathion, thiacloprid, and imidacloprid showed 97.8, 96.8, 95.4, 91.5, 26.7, and 7.8% morality, respectively. Also, the adult emergence rates from A. mali mummies were 51.2, 72.6, 14.2, 3.5, 72.2, and 85.4% in the treatment of the above insecticides, respectively. Insecticides belong to neonicotinoid, which are newly developed to control aphids, showed low mortality against E. lanigerum. Fenitrothion and dichlorphos were effective on E. lanigerum control and had a low toxic to A. mali. Consequently, the insecticides should be useful in integrated pest management system for E. lanigerum in apple orchards.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.374-376
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• 1998

Effects of traditional fumigation (methyl bromide; MB) and combined fumigation (methyl bromide/phosphide; $MB/PH_3$) on the disinfestation, and phytotoxicity and longevity of cut flowers (lily and rose) were investigated. Combined fumigation with low concentrations of $7/3g/m^3\;(MB/PH_3$) at $10^{\circ}C$ immediately after transportation from harvested place was found to be much more effective in disinfestation of aphid, mite, and thrips than fumigation with $MB\;48g/m^3$ only at $20^{\circ}C$ after simulated transportation for 2 days. Quality and longevity of cut flowers measured after fumigation were better in flowers treated by combined fumigation ($7/3g/m^3,\;MB/PH_3$) at $10^{\circ}C$ for 2.5-3 hrs, irrespective of pretreatment with pulsing solution immediately after transporation, even though phytotoxicity varied with cut flowers fumigated. On the other hand, fumigation with $MB\;48g/m^3$ only at $20^{\circ}C$ after simulated transportation for 2 days showed tendency of enhanced insect disinfestation, but caused phytotoxicity to both lily and rose, regardless of pretreatment and moreover, reduced the longevity of the cut flowers.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.603-611
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• 2011

In order to enhance cutting efficiency of reed culms, we had assessed diverse methodology in cutting and applied better conditions among them into three vigorous eco-types of common reed. From the results, differences in a eco-type, a sampling area in reed population and substrata affected the shoot emergence slightly. On the other hand, differences in a type of burying culms and a burying part among whole culm affected shoot emergence strongly. Our results suggest that not only methodological condition but also appropriate kind of eco-types must be considered in using reed culms for better cutting. In addition that, sampling timing according to the geological and climatic condition of certain area should be considered for better cutting efficiency as well. We also recommend that the sampling area such as expanding area in a population, burying a middle part of the culm, substratum such as well-ventilated sand and vertical burying method for better cutting efficiency. Lastly, for more enhancement of cutting efficiency of reed culms, potential damages by blight and harmful insects such like aphids should be concerned very carefully.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.273-279
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• 2015

Major diseases and insect pests in nursery season of strawberry were anthracnose, powdery mildew, Fusarium wilt, two-spotted spider mite, and aphids. Environmental-friendly and chemical application schedules can improve diseases and insect pests control with relatively fewer organic and chemical materials inputs compared with spray programs when it's occurred. Field experiments were performed in 2012 to 2013 according to calendar-based spray programs with environmental-friendly spray calendar (EFSC) and conventional chemical spray calendar (CSC) for controlling diseases and insect pests of strawberry plants cv, Seolhyang during the two nursery seasons. EFSC did reduce the incidence of diseases and insect pests as compared to the non-treated control. Incidence of anthracnose and powdery mildew by EFSC and CSC was similar in 2012 and 2013 seasons. In addition, occurrence of two-spotted spider mite in EFSC in 2013 was similar to those of CSC and was shown highly in early and mid-June both 2012 and 2013 seasons. Occurrence of aphid in EFSC was shown highly in early and mid-June both 2012 and 2013 seasons. These results suggest that EFSC program may be effective for controlling strawberry diseases and insect pests by using environmental-friendly organic materials.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

Anthocorid bugs (Orius spp.) are known as polyphagous predators preying on thrips, aphids, mites, eggs of small insects and whiteflies. This study was conducted to investigate the nym-phal development, survival rate, longevity of Orius sauteri adult and oviposition, when nymphs of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) and cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii), and eggs of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus uritcae) were fed as diets. Nymphal development of female/male O. sauferi fed with F. occidentalis, A. gossypii and T urticae took 12.2/12.8, 13.0/l3.2, and 17.9/17.8 days at 27$^{\circ}C$, respectively, Survival rates during nymphal development were 96.4, 78.4, 73.8%, longevity of female/male adults were 55.9/51.0, 30.2/30.8, and 25.8/25.1 days, and daily oviposition were 5.6, 4.1, and 1.9 eggs, respectively. Oviposition of O. sauteri fed with F. occidentalis usually began 3-4 days after emergence at 27$^{\circ}C$, and reached at its peak of 7-8 eggs female day 20-40 days after emergence.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.245-250
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• 2000

These studies were conducted to investigate the effect of temperature on the development and seasonal occurrence of Chrysopa pallens Ramber, a predator of aphids. Mean developmental periods of C. pallens from egg to adult emergence at four different temperatures of 17, 22, 27, and $30^{\circ}C$ were 39.5, 32.0,25.0, and 19.8 days, respectively. The longevities of adult females of C. pallens at the four temperatures were 84.7, 79.6, 77.7, and 69.8 days, respectively, whereas the total numbers of eggs laid by a female were 973, 1085, 1637, and 1735, respectively. Egg hatchability, rate of adult emergence, and sex ratio of C. pallets were slighty higher with increased temperature with 84.1~95.9%, 67.6~86.3%, and 1:1. Under three humidity conditions of 35, 55 and 75% RH, the mean developmental periods of C. pallets from egg to adult emergence at the $27^{\circ}C$ were 26, 24, and 22.9 days, respectively, while the number of eggs laid by a female were 1042.8, 1526.5, and 1640.0, respectively. Oviposition of C. pallets usually began 5~6 days after the emergence at $27^{\circ}C$. Then females laid ca. 30~40 eggs a day, reaching a peak of 80~90 eggs a day about 22~28 days after the emergence. Population fluctuation of M. persicae and A. gossypii showed the highest peak in late May through the mid-June, and the second peak appeared in early~mid-September. The adult occurrence of C. pallens by the light trap record started from mid-May, and show two peaks, in mid-late July and mid-late September in Chonbuk area.