• 식물병연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.206-210
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• 2014

인삼은 우리나라에서 가장 대중화된 한약 재료로 사용되고 있다. 최근 인삼 잎에 얼룩덜룩하거나 모자이크 증상이 나타나는 바이러스병으로 인삼을 재배하는 많은 농가들에서 수량 손실을 초래하고 있다. 수박모자이크바이러스(WMV-gin로 명명)가 인삼 바이러스병의 원인으로 동정되었다. 흥미롭게도 인공적 즙액 접종에 의해서, 인삼에서 분리한 WMV-gin은 건전 인삼 식물체와 박과작물을 포함한 알려진 WMV 기주 식물 종들을 감염시킬 수 없었다. 그러나 WMV-gin은 2종의 진딧물들(복숭아혹진딧물과 목화진딧물)의 전반에 의해서 인삼을 성공적으로 감염시킬 수 있었다. 비록 2종의 진딧물들이 인삼에서 먹이를 얻는 것을 기피하지만, 이것은 진딧물들이 먹이 탐색 과정동안 인삼에 WMV-gin을 매개하는 것으로 사료된다. 유사하게 수박에서 분리한 WMV-wm 계통은 2종의 진딧물들에 의하여 인삼으로 매개되지만 인위적 즙액 접종으로 인삼을 감염시키지 못하였다. 복숭아혹진딧물과 목화진딧물을 이용한 전반 실험들에 의해서 WMV-gin과 WMV-wm 계통들 모두 인삼에서 WMV의 증식 기주 식물들인 박과 식물들로 전반되지 못함이 밝혀졌다. 이런 결과들은 인삼에서 발생하는 WMV병이 생태학적 접근법에 의해서 방제될 수 있음을 제시해 준다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.87-97
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• 2020

The development of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using degenerate primers against conserved regions of most potyviral genomes enabled sampling of the potyvirome. However, these assays usually involve sampling potential host plants, but identifying infected plants when they are asymptomatic is challenging, and many plants, especially wild ones, contain inhibitors to DNA amplification. We used an alternative approach which utilized aphid vectors and indicator plants to identify potyviruses capable of infecting common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Aphids were collected from a range of asymptomatic leguminous weeds and trees in Iran, and transferred to bean seedlings under controlled conditions. Bean plants were tested serologically for potyvirus infections four-weeks postinoculation. The serological assay and symptomatology together indicated the presence of one potyvirus, and symptomology alone implied the presence of an unidentified virus. The partial genome of the potyvirus, encompassing the complete coat protein gene, was amplified using generic potyvirus primers. Sequence analysis of the amplicon confirmed the presence of an isolate of Wisteria vein mosaic virus (WVMV), a virus species not previously identified from Western Asia. Phylogenetic analyses of available WVMV sequences categorized them into five groups: East Asian-1 to 3, North American and World. The Iranian isolate clustered with those in the World group. Multiple sequence alignment indicated the presence of some genogroup-specific amino acid substitutions among the isolates studied. Chinese isolates were sister groups of other isolates and showed higher nucleotide distances as compared with the others, suggesting a possible Eastern-Asian origin of WVMV, the main region where Wisteria might have originated.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.536-557
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• 2020

Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) is a distinct member of the Polerovirus genus of the Luteoviridae family. SCYLV is the major limitation to sugarcane production worldwide and presently occurring in most of the sugarcane growing countries. SCYLV having high genetic diversity within the species and presently ten genotypes are known to occur based on the complete genome sequence information. SCYLV is present in almost all the states of India where sugarcane is grown. Virion comprises of 180 coat protein units and are 24-29 nm in diameter. The genome of SCYLV is a monopartite and comprised of single-stranded (ss) positive-sense (+) linear RNA of about 6 kb in size. Virus genome consists of six open reading frames (ORFs) that are expressed by sub-genomic RNAs. The SCYLV is phloem-limited and transmitted by sugarcane aphid Melanaphis sacchari in a circulative and non-propagative manner. The other aphid species namely, Ceratovacuna lanigera, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis, and R. maidis also been reported to transmit the virus. The virus is not transmitted mechanically, therefore, its transmission by M. sacchari has been studied in different countries. SCYLV has a limited natural host range and mainly infect sugarcane (Sachharum hybrid), grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and Columbus grass (Sorghum almum). Recent insights in the protein-protein interactions of Polerovirus through protein interaction reporter (PIR) technology enable us to understand viral encoded proteins during virus replication, assembly, plant defence mechanism, short and long-distance travel of the virus. This review presents the recent understandings on virus biology, diagnosis, genetic diversity, virus-vector and host-virus interactions and conventional and next generation management approaches.