• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.205-218
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• 2012

This study aimed to identify influences of depression, anxiety and stress-coping aspect upon smoking desire of undergraduates, depending on their lifestyles. Method had analyzed each measuring item in a way of structural equation of SPSS17.0/AMOS 5.0, then reliability analysis was conducted. The measuring items included health-conscious, fashion-conscious, grade-conscious, physical figure-conscious and convenience-conscious in students' lifestyles had correlation with depression, anxiety and stress-coping aspect. Also it was studied if their depression, anxiety and stress-coping aspect had influences upon smoking desire. The result showed that students health-conscious, grade-conscious, and physical figure-conscious had correlation with depression and anxiety, and among them, those health-conscious, grade-conscious, and physical figure-conscious had led to smoking desire. Conclusion showed that students' lifestyles may accompany depression and anxiety, ultimately causing smoking desire. Accordingly, this study can be consider to develop smoking prevention educational programs and policies.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.752-760
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating mediation effect of self-esteem on the relations among adolescents' abuse experiences, depression and anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Methods: The participants were selected using secondary data from a population in the 2012 Korea Welfare Panel Survey (KOWEPS). Data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 and SPSS Macro, and bootstrapping and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to analyze multilevel models. Results: First, analysis of the mediating effect of the adolescents' abuse showed that there was significant mediating influence between suicidal ideation and depression and anxiety. Second, hierarchical regression analysis showed that self-esteem had significant mediation effect on depression and anxiety in adolescents' suicidal ideation. Third, SPSS Macro showed that self-esteem also significantly moderated the mediating effect of adolescents' abuse experiences on suicidal ideation through depression and anxiety. Conclusion: The study results suggest that in future research on adolescent's abuse experience, the risk of suicide in depression and anxiety scores should be selected through evaluation of each individual's self-esteem scale. Coping strategies with immediate early intervention should be suggested.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.284-293
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the levels of anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QOL) among kidney or liver transplant candidates and recipients. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was utilized. The 160 subjects were recruited and assigned to three different conditions: awaiting transplant group; post-transplantation (TPL) group within less than one year of surgery; and post-TPL group with one year and no more than two years post surgery. The levels of anxiety and depression were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The level of quality of life was measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 version 2. Results: The anxiety score was significantly higher in the waiting group compared with the 1~2 years post TPL group. The depression score was significantly higher in the waiting group compared with the post TPL groups. The QOL was significantly lower in the waiting group compared with the post TPL groups. Conclusion: Our results show a high prevalence of anxiety and depression and a marked reduction in the QOL in transplant candidates compared to the recipients. This study indicates that the group waiting for transplants may have unmet needs during that time period. Health professionals should be encouraged to attend to the psychological distress of the transplant candidates in order to improve their quality of life.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.337-347
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of spiritual nursing intervention on anxiety and depression of the hospice patients. Method: It was devised with a quasiexperimental design using non-equivalent control group pre-post design. The data was from July 10 to September 25 in 2000 at the general hospital in CheonJu city. Subjects were 37 members of the experimental group and 30 members of the control. The tools were used Spielberger's State Anxiety Scale and Zung's Depression Inventory. The spiritual nursing intervention was carried out through Hymn, Scripture, Prayer, the therapeutic ues of self. Data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, ${\chi}^2-test$, t-test. Result: 1. After the spiritual nursing intervention, state anxiety of the experimental group was lower than those of the control (t=-5.987, p=0.000). 2. After the spiritual nursing intervention, depression of the experimental group were lower than those of the control (t=-9.128, p=0.000). Conclusion: The hospice patients who were offered spiritual nursing intervention had lower anxiety & depression than not offered it. According to these results, it can be regarded as an effective one that relieved anxiety and depression of the hospice patients.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of resilience, family support, anxiety and depression in patients with hematologic malignancy, and to determine modifiable psychosocial factors that affect their resilience. Methods: Data were collected from 104 patients undergoing curative therapy at 'S' hospital in Seoul. The data were collected from April to May, 2012. The questionnaires included Korean Version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Family Support Scale and Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Resilience had statistically significant correlation with family support (r=.43, p<.001), anxiety (r=-.49, p<.001) and depression (r=-.52, p<.001). Factors influencing resilience were depression, family support, anxiety and time since diagnosis with R-sq. value of 36%. Conclusion: The results of the study show that family support, anxiety and depression have important influences on resilience of patients with hematologic malignancy. Thus, family support needs to be reinforced when developing and implementing nursing intervention, and nurses need to intervene to reduce anxiety and depression of patients with hematologic malignancy.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the levels of anxiety, depression and uncertainty of patients who participated in the clinical trials for anticancer drug, and to identify correlations among these variables. Methods: Cross-sectional survey used the Symptom Check List-90-Revision and the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale from 106 subjects in 2011. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The mean score of anxiety was 2.06, that of depression 2.35, and that of uncertainty 2.61. Anxiety and depression (r=.70), anxiety and uncertainty (r=.44), depression and uncertainty (r=.60) were significantly correlated each other. The levels of anxiety, depression and uncertainty were different in various characteristics of the subjects, such as education, recurrence, and economic burden. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that when implementing psychosocial interventions for cancer patients who participate in clinical trial, factors such as education, economic burden, and recurrence should be integrated into the intervention. Further studies applying theoretical model would be helpful to identify directional relationships among the variables that are important in psychosocial well-being of cancer patients undergoing clinical trial.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the depression, anxiety, stress response and self-care, to analyze the correlation among depression, anxiety, stress response and self-care by gender, and to determine factors associated with self-care in diabetic patients. Method: The subjects of this study were 103 participants with diabetes mellitus. Data were analyzed by chi-square test, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis by using SAS program. Result: Items for self-care evaluation by gender were significant differences in hospital visit, hypoglycemia preparation, proper hygiene, taking a rest, foot injury check, drinking, and smoking. The female patients are more likely to have higher self-care score than the male patients. However, there were no differences in depression, anxiety and stress response by gender. In male patients, there were positive correlations between the degree of depression and stress response, the degree of anxiety and stress response. In female patients, there were positive correlations between the degree of depression and stress response, the degree of anxiety and stress response. In multiple regression analysis, gender and experienced admission is associated with self-care. Conclusion: We should consider integrated approaches for psychological problems in the management of diabetic patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.131-135
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mental health of physical therapy students in clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the pandemic and was completed by 100 physical therapy students in two universities in Gwangju and Jeollanam-do, South Korea. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to evaluate their anxiety and depression status. A Chi-square test was conducted to evaluate the association of participant characteristics with the risk of having anxiety and depression. Logistic regression models were used to identify the general characteristic factors related to anxiety or depression. Results: Anxiety was found in 28 (28%) of the participants, and depression in 24 (24%). The risk of anxiety and depression in male physical therapy students was 0.189 and 0.211 times lower, respectively, than those female students (p<0.05). The risk of anxiety and depression in physical therapy students with a history of disease was 11.721 and 7.056 times higher, respectively, than those with a history of disease (p<0.05). The risk of anxiety in physical therapy students in clinical practice was 11.721 times higher than that in students who were not in clinical practice (p<0.05). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a high risk of anxiety and depression among many physical therapy students. More attention and improvements are needed so that physical therapy students can study in a safe environment.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.20-31
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• 2005

Objectives:This study was designed to investigate the characteristics of personality changes and emotional distress using the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI), divided into mild (MTBI) and severe (STBI) groups according to the severity of injury. Methods:The subjects were consisted of 25 patients with MTBI, 25 patients with STBI, and 25 normal controls. They were interviewed with the PAI. The data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$ test, analysis of variance and Tukey test. Results:The results were the followings. First, Negative Impression in validity scales was elevated above cutoff point(T score 70) in both MTBI and STBI groups. Second, the clinical scales of which scores elevated above the cutoff point were Somatic Complaints, Anxiety, Anxiety-Related Disorders, Depression, and Schizophrenia in the MTBI, and Somatic Complaints and Depression in the STBI. Third, the clinical subscales above the cutoff point were Conversion, Somatization, Health Concerns, Affective Anxiety, Physiological Anxiety, Traumatic Stress, Cognitive Depression, Affective Depression, Physiological Depression, Thought Disorder, and Affective Instability in the MTBI, and Health Concerns, Cognitive Depression, Affective Depression, and Physiological Depression in the STBI. Fourth, Suicide Ideation in treatment scales was the only scale above the cutoff point in the MTBI and the others of the treatment and interpersonal scales in the MTBI and all of these scales of the STBI were not elevated above the cutoff point. Fifth, the scales of which scores showed significant difference between the MTBI and the STBI were Somatic Complaints, Anxiety, Depression, and Suicide Ideation, the subscales were Conversion, Somatization, Health Concerns, Affective Anxiety, Physiological Anxiety, Physiological Depression, and Psychotic Experiences. Conclusion:These results suggest that the patients with MTBI had more somatic and anxiety symptoms, depressed mood, and suicidal ideation than the patients with STBI. These characteristics are generally consistent with clinical observation and findings from previous studies of the patients with TBI, and the PAI seems to be a beneficial adjunctive assessment tool for the evaluation of patients with traumatic brain injury.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.80-91
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationships among bowel function, health locus of control, anxiety, and depression in patient with rectal cancer. Methods: This study utilized a descriptive correlational design. Subjects were 200 rectal cancer patients who attended out-patient clinic in a colorectal cancer center. The study instruments included the scales for bowel function, health locus of control, anxiety, and depression. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The mean score of bowel function was $34.44{\pm}5.73$. The mean scores of internal HLOC, chance HLOC, doctor HLOC, and powerful others HLOC were $29.06{\pm}6.81$, $22.41{\pm}6.96$, $15.88{\pm}2.85$, and $10.72{\pm}4.68$ respectively. The mean scores of anxiety and depression were $4.49{\pm}3.95$ and $6.25{\pm}3.98$, respectively. There were significant negative correlations between bowel function and anxiety (r=-.180, p=.011); between bowel function and depression (r=-.267, p<.001); and between internal health locus of control and depression (r=-.149, p=.035). There were significant positive correlations between chance health locus of control and depression (r=.146, p=.039), and between anxiety and depression (r=.651, p<.001). Conclusion: It is suggested that anxiety and depression for the patients with low bowel function after colorectal cancer surgery should be evaluated and nursing interventions to enhance internal health locus of control need to be developed.