• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.215-222
• /
• 1997

Enrofloxacin-colistin combination, widely used in Gram negative infections in veterinary sector, was investigated in terms of MIC and initial killing rate using E coli k 88ab, Salmonella typhimurium, Pasteurella multocida type A, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Staphylococcus aureus as test organisms. On the basis of MICs of enrofloxacin-colistin combination against the above bacteria, killing rates of the combination of enrofloxacin and colistin at the ratio of 5:0, 4:1, 3:2, 1:1, 2:3, 1:4 and 0:5, indicated high and rapid antibacterial acitivities against all but Staphylococcus aureus R-209, with the number of bacteria reducing to less than one percent within two hours. At the MIC of enrofloxacin or colistin, both antibacterials showed the highest killing rates during 2-4 hours against Gram negatives such as E coli K88ab,Pasteurella multocida type A and Bodetella bronchiseptica but allowed the regrowth of the same pathogens thereafter. On the while, the combination of two antibacterials at a fourth MIC resulted in high killing rate without bacterial regrowth during 24 hours, suggesting the synergistic antivacterial effects. The combination, however, did not show favourable activity against Gram negatime S typhimurium and Gram positive S aureus ergistic antibacterial activity against Gram negatime pathogens but also colistin showed LPS-neutraization, we could suggest the combination should provide clinically positive therapeutic armarium in Gram negative infections.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.348-352
• /
• 1998

Different bacteria wwere seperated from saliva and teeth of cariogenic patients and identified by a variety of morphological and biochemical tests. Extracts of green tea strongly inhibited Escherichia coli, Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus mutans. The antibacterial effect of green and black tea extracts were compared with those of amoxicillin, cephradine and eugenol.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.322-328
• /
• 1993

During the screening of antifungal compounds from microbial secondary metabolites to control phytophthora blight of red pepper caused by Phytophthora capsici, a soil isolate, strain 38D10 was selected. Based on taxonomic studies, this strain was identified as Streptomyces neyagawaensis. The antifungal compound was purified from culture broth by HP-20 column chromatography, ethyl acetate extraction, silica gel column chromatography, HPLC and identified as concanamycin B by UV. $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR, SIMS analysis. Concanamycin B has strong antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi but not antivacterial activity and preventive value were 50% and 100% at 125ppm and 250ppm in pot assay.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.543-550
• /
• 2005

This study was designed to identify the effects of Reynoutria Japonica on antibacterial activity aganist Bordetella pertussis ATCC 9797 which is cause of whooping cough. The ethanol- and water-extracts of more than 80 oriental herbal medicine were Investigated by Kirby -Bauer method to determine their inhibitory effects on growth of B. pertussis ATCC 9797 in vitro. For that Reynoutria Japonica was selected. The ethanol-soluble extract of Reynoutria Japonica showed relatively high antivacterial activity against B. pertussis ATCC 9797. However, the water-soluble extract of Reynoutria Japonica showed no antibacterial activity. The ethanolic extract was further fractionated with organic solvents such as hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, in that order. Among the fraction tested, the chloroform fraction showed the highest antibacterial activity when the ethanol-soluble extract of Reynoutria Japonica minial inhibitory concentration(MIC) was $25{\mu}g/m{\ell}l$. Results support a role far Reynoutria Japonica in inhibiting the cell growth of B. pertussis ATCC 9797, but further experimentation is required.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.638-646
• /
• 1993

A cepfialosporin with an aminothiazoiylmethoxyimino-type side chain at the 7 position and bicyclic quinolone dithicarbamate at the 3' position was synthesized. It has broad and potent antivacterial activity in vitro. The antibacterial spectrum reflects contributions of both the cephalosporin moiety and the quinolone moiety. Thus, this compound was named DACD implying a dualaction cephalosporin derivative. In this paper, the physicochemical proper-ties (lipid-water partition, pKa), stability and pharmacokinetics of DACD were determined and compared with cefotaxime 3'-norfloxacin dithiocarbamate (CENO). Stability tests were studied in pH 1.20, 6.80 and 8.00 buffers and in the presence of AB type human plasma, rat liver homogenate and its .betha.-lactamase. The pharmacokinetic parameters of DACD were evaluated in mice after a single intravenous dose of 40 mg/kg. The results are as follows. The lipid-water partition coefficient of DACD was higher than that of CENO. The calculated pKa values of CENO and DACD, were 6.82$\pm$0.03, 7.53$\pm$0.21, respectively. In the hydrolysis test, half-lives (t$^{1/2}$) of CENO and DACD was 66.0 hr and 80.0 hr in pH 6.80 buffer, 190 hr and 91.4 hr in pH 8.00 buffer. CENO and DACD were rapidly hydrolyzed in human plasma and in rat liver hornogenate. Half-lives (t$_{1/2}$ of CENO and DACD were 1.29 hr and 1.15 hr in hyman plasma, 0.62 hr and 0.71 hr rat liver homogenate. In $\beta$-lactamase stability test, CENO and DACD were very stable to the .betha.-lactamases obtained from three different strains. Half-life (t$_{1/2}$) and areas under the curve (AUC) in mice were 2.33 hr and 15.97 (mg.h/1), respectively.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.712-718
• /
• 2000

정향으로부터 알칼리 추출시 열수 추출보다 3~6 배의 높은 항응고 활성을 기대할 수 있었으며 최적 추출조건은 1.0 N NaOH, 7$0^{\circ}C$임을 알 수 있었다. 정향을 alkali 추출, 에탄올침전, cetablon 처리 및 한외여과를 이용하여 항응고 활성 획분 EC-2B와 EC-2C를 얻었다. 이 두 획분은 열수 추출보다 각각 6.57배 및 8.63배 높은 항응고 활성획분으로 이는 heparin과 비교시 5.0 unit/mg과 EC-2C는 8.8 unit/mg에 해당되는 활성이다. 이 두 획분을 이용하여 수육을 제조하여 관능검사를 실시한 결과 EC-2B 획분은 정향원물과 유사한 기호도를 가지고 있었으나 EC-2C 획분은 약간의 화학취 로 기호도가 낮았다. 보존성 향상효과 또한 정향원물과 정향추출물(EC-2B 및 EC-2C)에서 관찰되었으며 병원성 미생물에 대한 항균 효과측정 결과 두 획분 모두 항균성을 획인할 수 있었다. EC-2B의 경우 황색포도구균은 0.016% 이상부터 EC-2C는 대장균과 황색포도상ㄱ 균에서는 0.004%에서도 생육 저해효과가 나타났다. EC-2C 획분이 항응고 활성과 항균활성 이 우수하나 안전성과 기호도에서 EC-2B가 우수하였다. 따라서 정향으로부터 추출한 두 항 응고 획분 중 EC-2B 획분이 기능성 식품의 소재로 적합함을 알 수 있었다.