• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2013

Oncolytic vaccinia virus is an engineered vaccinia virus that selectively destroys cancer cells and induces tumor immune response. Oncolytic vaccinia expressing mouse GM-CSF showed cytotoxic activity against various kinds of cancer cells when oncolytic vaccinia virus expressing human GM-CSF and mouse GM-CSF is intravenously administered in the mouse CT26 colon tumor model. Cancer cells treated with isolated immunoglobulin G from the serum with complement showed these cytotoxic activity and complement observed dose-dependent cytotoxic effect. These results suggest that oncolytic vaccinia virus expressing mouse GM-CSF can increase oncolytic vaccinia virus by inducing anticancer antibody in a mouse tumor model. Further studies are needed on antitumor immunity of GM-CSF.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 1992

Effects of squalene on cellular and non-specific immune responses and antitumor activity in mice were investigated. Cellular and non-specific immunological assay parameters adopted in the present study were delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction and resette forming cells (RFC) for cellular immunity, activities of natural killer (NK) cells and phagocyte for non-specific immunity. Squalene resulted in marked increases of cellular and non-specific immune functions and enhancement of host resistance to tumor challenge in dose-dependent manner.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.315-328
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• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the effect of Bunsimgieum on antitumor effect after sarcoma-180 cells transplantation into peritoneal cavity or left groin and immune responses on the depressed immunity induced by methotrexate in mice. The Bunsimgieum extract of 10mg/kg was orally administered 14 days for antitumor effects and 21 days for immune responses. 50% inhibitory concentration($IC_{50}$) of SUN-1, SUN-C4, and SUN-396 cancer cell, mean sunvival days and body weight of tumor bearing mice, and growth of tumor mass for antitumor effect; delayed type hypersentivity, hemagglutinin titer, hemolysis titer, rosette forming cells, natured killer cell activity, lymphocyte transformation, productivity of interleukin-2, and phagocytic activity for their immune responses were measured in ICR mice. Significance in antitumor effect is noted in the enlongation of mean life days and inhibition of tumor growth(p<0.01, respectively). Significance of immune responses is also noted in hemolysis titer, lymphocyte transfumotion, IL-2 productivity, phagocytic activity, and natural killer cell activity at E/T ratio 100:1(p<0.01, respectively). Significant in rosette cell formation was seen at dosage of 20mg/kg(p<0.01). However, Difference of body weight as antitumor effect, delayed type hypersensitivity, and hemagglutinin titer were not shown significantly. According to the above results, it could be suggested that Bunsimgieum has prominent antitumor and immunity enhancing effect.

• 약학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2000

To examine influence of artificial digestive juice on the antitumor activity of Ganoderma lucidum-A(GL-A), protein-bound polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum, we compared the digested protein-bound polysaccharide with undigested one both on immunopotentiating activity and influence of digestive juices. Protein-bound polysaccharide GL-B was obtained by digesting the antitumor component GL-A with artificial digestive Juices in vitro. When GL-A was administered orally to sarcoma 180 tumor-bearing ICR mice, the life prolonging effect was exhibited in a dose dependent manner Not only GL-A but GL-B increased the production of colony forming unit (CFU) to 10- and 8-fold of that of the control, respectively. Both of the protein-bound polysaccharides also showed the secretion of nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 cell lines to 3.5-and 3.7-fold of that of the control, respectively: GL-A activated components of the alternative complement pathway, whereas GL-B did not. In humoral immunity GL-A increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase in differentiated B cells to 3 times and GL-B to 4 times of that of the control. These results showed that the artificial digestive juices had no influence on the antitumor activity of the protein-bound polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum and that its immunomodulating activity retained after treatment with artificial digestive juice. And this provides a basis of the protein-bound polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum as an peroral anticancer drug.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2004

Backgroud: Immunotherapy using dendritic cells (DC) loaded with tumor antigens may represent a potentially effective method for inducing antitumor immunity. We evaluated the effectiveness of DC-based antitumor immune response in various conditions. Methods: DC were cultured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) in myelogenous leukemia (ML) and lysates of autologous leukemic cells are used as tumor antigen. The effectiveness of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and CD40L (CD154) on the antigen presenting function of lysates-loaded DC was analyzed by proliferation, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity tests with activated PBMNC (mainly lymphocytes). For generating antigen-loaded DC, direct fusion of DC with ML was studied. Results: Antigen loaded DC induced significantly effective antitumor immune response against autologous leukemic cells. Administration of IL-12 on the DC based antitumor immune response showed higher proliferation activity, IFN-$\gamma$ production, and cytotoxic activity of PBMNC. Also, fused cell has a potent antitumor immune response. Conclusion: We conclude that lysates-loaded DC with IL-12 may be effectively utilized as inducer of antitumor immune reaction in ML and in vivo application with DC-based antitumor immunotherapy or tumor vaccination seems to be feasible.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.257-283
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• 2002

Objectives : Sipjundaebo-tang is prepared by ten medical herbs that tone the blood and vital energy, and strengthen health. This prescription has long been used traditionally against anemia, anorexia, extreme exhausion and fatigue. The purpose of this thesis was to review the effects of Sipjundaebo-tang that are about immunopotentiation effects, antitumor activities and potentiation, detoxification of antitumor drugs Methods : We studied the research methods and results of experiments which were selected from Korean, Japaness and American theses were on the topic of immunopotentiation effects, antitumor activities and potentiation, detoxification of antitumor drugs from Sipjundaebo-tang Results and conclusions : Sipjundaebo-tang not only potentiates the effects of the combined use of chemotherapy, but also reduces and elimimate the immunotoxicity of antitumor drugs and radiotherapy. And it strengthen immunity and improve QOL, S/OH of cancer patients.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.340-347
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• 1999

Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) capable of inducing the primary T cell response to antigen. Although tumor cells express target antigens, they are incapable of stimulating a tumor-specific immune response due to a defect in the costimulatory signal that is required for optimal activation of T cells. In this work, we describe a new approach using tumor-DC coculture to improve the antigen presenting capacity of tumor cells which does not require a source of tumor-associated antigen. Immunization of a weakly immunogenic and progressive tumor cocultured with none marrow-derived DCs generated an effective tumor vaccine. Immunization with the cocutured DCs was able to induce complete protectiv immunity against tumor challenges and was effective for the induction of tumor-specific CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) activity. Furthermore, high NK cell activity was observed in mice in which tumors were rejected. In addition, immunization with tumor-pulsed DC s induced delayed tumor growth, but not tumor eradication in tumor-bearing mice. Our results demonstrate that coculture of DCs with tumors generated antitumor immunity due to the NK cell activation as well as tumor-specific T cell. This approach would be used for designing tumor vaccines using DCs when the information about tumor antigens is limited.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.49-66
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• 1981

The objectives of this investigation were to produce artificially an antitumor constituent by submerged culture of the mycelium of Coriolus versicolor (Fr.) Quel., to characterize the influence of various modifications of the nutrient and culture conditions with respect to the pro­duction, to determine chemical composition of the antitumor constituent, and to examine effects of the constituent on the immune response of mice. Submerged agitation of the mycelium in flasks containing a nutrient solution showed its adequate growth. Especially the mycelial growth in the medium containing glucose and yeast extract was abundant. The addition of cotton seed flour or ginseng waste to the medium increased the yield of mycelial growth and the production of the antitumor constituent. The replacement of glucose with starch also yielded the adequate growth. The antitumor constituent extracted from the mycelium and isolated from the culture filtrate was a protein-bound polysaccharide. The analyses of this constituent by GLC and amino acid autoanalysis showed that it contained four monosaccharides and fifteen amino acids. The protein-free polysaccharide of the constituent was also found to exert greater antitumor activity against sarcoma-180 in mice than the entire constituent. The antitumor constituent was found to potentiate the immune response of mice against sheep red blood cell. The protein-bound polysaccharide exerted more favorable influence on the immunity than the protein-free moiety.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.904-910
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• 2006

수지상세포는 종양면역에서 필수적인 강력한 CTL 반응을 개시할 수 있는 유일한 세포이다 . 특히 외인성 종양항원에 대한 CTL 반응 유도는 활성화된 수지상세포의 IL-12 분비를 통한 CD4+ helper T세포의 cross-priming을 필요로 한다. 그러나 최근에 활성화된 수지상세포는 $Th_1$ 면역반응을 유도하지만 활성화 시간이 경과함에 따라 오히려 $Th_2$반응을 유도 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 OVA를 종양항원 모델로 설정하여 종양특이적인 CTL 반응을 형성하기 위한 최적의 수지상세포 활성화 조건을 조사하였다. 마우스 골수세포에 서 수지상세포로의 분화는 항원제시 기능을 위한 표면분자의 발현 측면에서 볼 때 배양 6일-7일 정도가 적합하였다. 수지상세포의 IL-12 생성능은 배양 6일 이상, OVA 항원 탑재 8시간 이상의 경우에 연이은 LPS 성숙자극으로 오히려 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 즉 배양 6일의 수지상세포에 OVA 항원 탑재를 8시간 수행한 경우(8-h DC)가 in vitro에서의 IL-12생성능, ex vivo에서의 세포내 $IFN-{\gamma}$를 발현하는 CD8+ T세포의 증가 및 OVA 특이적인 세포독성효과 등에서 가장 좋은 결과를 보였다. 또한 in vivo에서 종양 치료 및 예방효과에서도 8-h DC로 면역한 경우에 가장 우수한 종양형성 억제 효과와 생존기간 연장효과를 보였다. 현재 대부분의 수지상 세포를 이용한 항종양 백신에서 항원 탑재반응을 24시간 동안 수행하고 있으나, 본 실험의 결과로 볼 때, 8시간의 in vitro 항원 탑재가 보다 효과적인 종양특이적 CTL 반응과 항종양 면역반응을 유도함을 알 수 있다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통하여 8시간 이상의 항원접촉은 수지상세포의 기능적 활성능력을 오히려 고갈시킬 수 있음을 제시한다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.209-235
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• 2009

There has been an explosion of literature focusing on the role of regulatory T (Treg) cells in cancer immunity. It is becoming increasingly clear that Treg cells play an active and significant role in the progression of cancer, and have an important role in suppressing tumor-specific immunity. Thus, there is a clear rationale for developing clinical strategies to diminish their regulatory influences, with the ultimate goal of augmenting antitimor immunity. Therefore, manipulation of Treg cells represent new strategies for cancer treatment. In this Review, I will summarize and review the explosive recent studies demonstrating that Treg cells are increased in patients with malignancies and restoration of antitumor immunity in mice and humans by depletion or reduction of Treg cells. In addition, I will discuss both the prognostic value of Treg cells in tumor progression in tumor-bearing hosts and the rationale for strategies for therapeutic vaccination and immunotherapeutic targeting of Treg cells with drugs and microRNA.