• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.79-99
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• 2024

Background: There was an important revision of the Korean Clinical Practice Guideline for Stroke (KCPGS) for antithrombotic therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke in 2022. This review is to provide an updated information in this revision. Methods: The revision history by year after the first announcement was examined for each topic, focusing on antithrombotic therapy during acute phase which was revised in 2022. We compared before and after the revision, and investigated the clinical outcomes presented as evidence. It was also compared with the current U.S. guidelines. Results: The major changes about antiplatelet therapy are a clause stating that dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin initiated within 24 hours from the stroke onset and maintained for up to 21-30 days is recommended as an acute treatment, as well as the clause that antithrombotic therapy may be initiated within 24 hours after intravenous thrombolytics and that the use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists can be considered in highly selected patients as rescue therapy taking into account of benefit and risk. The change to the use of anticoagulants is that it may be reasonable to start oral anticoagulant between 4 and 14 days after stroke onset for patients with acute ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation. Conclusions: It will be helpful in improving health outcomes for clinical pharmacists to be aware of the latest information for antithrombotic therapy and to actively use it in pharmaceutical care of stroke patients.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.909-917
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Samchilgeun powder (panax notoginseng) on the treatment of hematuria in a patient requiring double antiplatelet therapy due to recurrent cerebral infarction. Methods: The patient was treated with Samchilgeun powder (panax notoginseng) combined with Western medicine (an antiplatelet). Urinalysis was performed to observe hematuria and proteinuria levels, and blood tests were used to evaluate anemia levels. Results: After treatment, hematuria levels decreased without exacerbation of anemia and proteinuria and even recurrence of cerebral infarction. Conclusions: This study suggests that Samchilgeun powder (panax notoginseng) can effectively treat patients with hematuria requiring double antiplatelet therapy due to recurrent cerebral infarction, but further studies should be conducted.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.430.2-431
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• 2002

Cardiovascular complications are high in the diabetic patients. Especially, acute coronary heart diseases (CHD) can be prevented by use of antiplatelet agents. This study was to determine the efficacy of antiplatelet therapy on prevention of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients. METHODS: The medical charts of 132 diabetic patients at Hanyang University. Kuri Hospital from January 1996 to January 2000 were reviewed retrospectively. (omitted)

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2005

Coronary artery disease (CAD) has been increasing during the last decade and is the one of major causes of death. The management of patients with coronary artery disease has evolved considerably. There are two main strategies in the management of CAD, complementary, not competitive, each other; the pharmacologic therapy to prevent and treat CAD and the percutaneous coronary Intervention (PCI) to restore coronary flow. Antiplatelet drugs and cholesterol lowering drugs have central roles in pharmacotherapy. Drug eluting stent (DES) bring about revolutional changes in PCI. In the management of patients with 57 segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (AMI), there has been a debate on the better strategy for the restoration of coronary flow. Thrombolytic therapy is widely available and easy to administer, whereas primary PCI is less available and more complex, but mote complete. Recently published evidences in the pharmacologic therapy including antiplatelet and stalin, and PCI including DES and reperfusion therapy in patients with ST segment elevation AMI were reviewed.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.344-347
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• 2014

Stent thrombosis is a major limitation of stent-assisted coiling, which is an effective method for treating wide-necked aneurysms. Although early in-stent thrombosis has been reported, very late stent thrombosis (VLST) (>1 year) has not been reported following implantation of a single self-expandable stent designed for coiling. Herein, the authors present a case of VLST that occurred 14 months after single stent implantation in a large paraclinoid aneurysm with an ultra-wide neck involving the parent artery circumferentially. This case indicates the need for establishing guidelines regarding the optimal duration of prophylactic antiplatelet therapy following stent-assisted coiling, which remains undefined in the neuroendovascular field.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.262-270
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• 2015

Objective : Long-term oral anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy has been used with increasing frequency in the elderly. These patients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from expansion of intracranial hemorrhage. We conducted a single-center retrospective case control study to evaluate risk factors associated with outcomes and to identify the differences in outcome in traumatic brain injury between preinjury anticoagulation use and without anticoagulation. Methods : A retrospective study of patients who underwent craniotomy or craniectomy for acute traumatic cerebral hemorrhage, between January 2005 and December 2014 was performed. Results : A consecutive series of 50 patients were evaluated. The factors significantly differed between the two groups were initial Prothrombin Time-International Normalized Ratio, initial platelet count, initial Glasgow Coma Scale score, and postoperative intracranial bleeding. Mean Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score were similar between the two groups. In the patient with low-energy trauma only, no significant differences in GOS score, postoperative bleeding and many other factors were observed. The contributing factors to postoperative bleeding was preinjury anticoagulation and its adjusted odds ratio was 12 [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 12.242; p=0.0070]. The contributing factors to low GOS scores, which mean unfavorable neurological outcomes, were age (adjusted OR, 1.073; p=0.039) and Rotterdam scale score for CT scans (adjusted OR, 3.123; p=0.0020). Conclusion : Preinjury anticoagulation therapy contributed significantly to the occurrence of postoperative bleeding. However, preinjury anticoagulation therapy in the patients with low-energy trauma did not contribute to the poor clinical outcomes or total hospital stay. Careful attention should be given to older patients and severity of hemorrhage on initial brain CT.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2003

Ischemic stroke is among the principal causes of death and disability in the elderly. Although control of blood pressure, decreased cigarette smoking, and modified dietary habits are among important reasons for stroke decline, the use of antithrombotic therapy, rigorously prescribed. Several antiplatelet agents are approved to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke. Aspirin is the best-studied and most widely used antiplatelet agent for stroke prevention; it provides approximately 15% to 25% relatively risk reduction for secondary prevention of stroke or the major vascular death. Combining 2 antiplatelet agents with different mechanism of action was demonstrated to provide a substantial increase in efficacy in several studies. Anticoagulation should be considered first with potential cardiac sources of embolism. Heparin reduces development of erythrocyte-fibrin thrombi that form in regions of vascular stasis especially within the heart, in severely stenosed arteries sometimes engrafted on white thrombi, in acute arterial occlusion. Heparin should not be indiscriminately given to all acute brain ischemia patients, but may contribute to treatment of large artery occlusion and severe stenosis, cardiogenic embolism with a high acute recurrence risk, and dural sinus and cerebral venous thromobosis.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.380-387
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• 2010

The ischemic penumbra represents part of the hypoperfused region associated with focal brain ischemia. A practical approach is to define this region as that portion of the ischemic territory that can potentially be salvaged by timely intervention. For the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke, antithrombotic therapy is prescribed. But medication of antiplatelet agent is only validated as prevention effect. Cheonghyulgangki-tang has been used for cerebral apoplexy, hypertension, etc. In this case report, an acute ischemic stroke patient was treated with an antiplatelet agent named Plavix and Cheonghyulgangki-tang and remarkable reduction of ischemic portion in the brain CT was observed. The result of this case suggests that oriental medical therapy could be a safe and effective intervention in acute ischemic stroke.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2019

목적: 항 혈소판 제제(아스피린, 클로피도그렐, 실로스타졸)의 술 전 일시적 중단이 슬관절 전치환술 이후의 초기 실혈량 및 동종수혈의 필요성을 증가시키지 않는 안전한 방법인지 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2013년 1월부터 2016년 12월까지 단일 센터에서 단일 술자에 의해서 연속적으로 시행된 네비게이션을 이용한 일차 슬관절 전치환술을 시행 받은 환자를 대상으로 후향적 방식으로 자료를 분석하였다. 총 369건의 환자가 포함되었으며, 항 혈소판 복용 과거력이 없는 271명과 항 혈소판 제제를 술 전 7일간 일시적으로 복용 중지한 98명을 각각의 군으로 나누었다. 두 군 간의 입원 기간 동안의 동종혈액 수혈 빈도와 함께 초기 실혈량을 비교하기 위하여 술 후 1일과 2일에 혈색소 수치 및 적혈구 용적률의 변화량에 대하여 비교하였다. 결과: 수술 7일 전까지 항 혈소판 제제를 복용한 군과 항 혈소판의 복용 과거력이 없는 군 간의 수술 1일과 2일 후의 적혈구 용적률, 혈색소 수치의 변화량, 동종혈액의 수혈 빈도는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 369명 중에서 입원기간 동안 총 149명이 수혈을 받았다. 수혈을 받은 환자의 군에서 받지 않은 환자군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 상대적으로 고령의 나이, 작은 키, 작은 몸무게, 술 전의 낮은 혈색소와 적혈구 용적률 수치를 보였다. 수혈을 받은 군과 받지 않은 군 간의 성별과 술 전에 시행한 American Society of Anesthesiologists 등급, 수술 7일 전까지 항 혈소판 제제 복용 과거력 유무에 대해서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이점은 없었다. 결론: 항 혈소판 제제의 술 전 7일간의 일시적 중단은 항 혈소판 제제의 복용 과거력이 없는 환자군에 비하여 슬관절 전치환술 이후의 출혈량 및 동종수혈의 필요성을 증가시키지 않는다.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.324-337
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• 2022

Background and Objectives: Identifying patients with high bleeding risk (HBR) is important when making decisions for antiplatelet therapy strategy. This study evaluated the impact of ticagrelor monotherapy after 3-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) according to HBR in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients treated with drug eluting stents (DESs). Methods: In this post-hoc analysis of the TICO trial, HBR was defined by 2 approaches: meeting Academic Research Consortium for HBR (ARC-HBR) criteria or Predicting Bleeding Complications in Patients Undergoing Stent Implantation and Subsequent DAPT (PRECISE-DAPT) score ≥25. The primary outcome was a 3-12 months net adverse clinical event (composite of major bleeding and adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events). Results: Of the 2,980 patients without adverse events during the first 3 months after DES implantation, 453 (15.2%) were HBR by ARC-HBR criteria and 504 (16.9%) were HBR by PRECISE-DAPT score. The primary outcome rate was higher in HBR versus non-HBR patients (by ARC-HBR criteria: hazard ratio [HR], 2.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.76-4.69; p<0.001; by PRECISE-DAPT score: HR, 3.09; 95% CI, 1.92-4.98; p<0.001). Ticagrelor monotherapy after 3-month DAPT was associated with lower primary outcome rate than ticagrelor-based 12-month DAPT regardless of HBR by ARC-HBR criteria, with similar magnitudes of therapy effect for HBR and non-HBR patients (p-interaction=0.400). Results were consistent by PRECISE-DAPT score (p-interaction=0.178). Conclusions: In ACS patients treated with DESs, ticagrelor monotherapy after 3-month DAPT was associated with lower rate of adverse clinical outcomes regardless of HBR, with similar magnitudes of therapy effect between HBR and non-HBR.