• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.419-423
• /
• 1996

We have established the quantitative method for assay antimutagenic activity from natural products using SOS chromotest technique. Establishment of the method in this study makes it possible to numerize antimutagenic activities from samples in term of the sample amount required for 50% inhibition to mutagenic activity induced by the chemical mutagen under the standard assay condition. Antimutagenic activities of rices from different cultivars as well as other cereals were assayed through this method. The results revealed that antimutagenic activities of mutant cultivar, Suwon 393(Hyangdo) and Sanghaehyanghyulla(Jado), were higher than Chuchung which mainly consumed for steamed rice, and also indicated that antimutagenic activities of cereals, such as job'tear, buckwheat, small red bean, black bean were generally higher than that of brown rice.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.293-299
• /
• 2002

Cytotoxic and antimutagenic effects of a novel cis-$\varepsilon$-viniferin and five known stilbenes, transresveratrol, trans-$\varepsilon$-viniferin, gnetin H, suffruticosols A and B, isolated from the seeds of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Paeoniaceae) were determined against five different cancer cell lines, and mutagenicity of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in Salmonella typhimurium TA100, respectively. Six stilbenes showed cytotoxic activity in a dose-dependent manner, and especially did potent cytotoxic activity against C6 (mouse glioma) cancer cell with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 8.2 to $20.5{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$. trans-Resveratrol showed significant cytotoxic activity against HepG2 (liver hepatoma) and HT-29 (colon) human cancer cell lines with $IC_{50}$ values of 11.8 and 25.2 g/ml, respectively. In contrast, trans-$\varepsilon$-viniferin and cis--viniferin, and gnetin H exhibited marked cytotoxic activity against Hela (cervicse) and MCF-7 (breast) human cancer cell lines with $IC_{50}$ values of 20.4, 21.5, and $12.9{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$, respectively. However, suffruticosol A and B had less cytotoxic effect against all cancer cells except C6. Meanwhile, six stilbenes exerted antimutagenic activity in a dose-dependent fashion. Of them, trans-resveratrol exhibited the strongest antimutagenic effect against MNNG with $IC_{50}$ value of $27.0{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/plate$, while other five resveratrol oligomers also did moderate antimutagenic activity with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 31.7 to $35.2{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/plate$.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.222-227
• /
• 2000

Antimutagenic activity of crushed kimchi fermented with starter under various conditions such as temperature(5-20$^{\circ}C$), salt concentration(2-10%), addition rate of starter (0-20%) was investigated. The kimchi was fermented with crushed Chinese cabbage without salting, red pepper powder, crushed garlic, crushed ginger, anchovy juice and starter. Well fermented kimchi juice(fermented at 10$^{\circ}C$ for 15 days) and sterilized radish juice was used as a source of lactic acid bacteria and starter medium, respectively. Antimutagenic activity showed the highest in the crushed kimchi fermented at 15$^{\circ}C$ for 15 days, 4% salt concentration, 5% starter added, respectively. The inhibition rate of mutagenic activity of the kimchi against S. typhimurium TA98 induced by NQO and S. typhimurium TA100 induced by MNNG was 56.41% and 60.11%, respectively. And the inhibition rate of the kimchi juice showed 56-60% per 100ul.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.688-692
• /
• 1998

To detect naturally occuring antimutagenic substances from wild mushrooms in Korea, the screening for the antimutagenic compounds containing in ethanol and water extracts of 13 wild mushrooms toward benzo(a) pyrene (B(a)P) and $N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine\;(MNNG)$ using the Ames assay system with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 were studied. The ethanol extracts of Polyporus dispansus, Cantharellus infundibuliformis, Agaricus subrutilescens, Daedalea dickinsii, Panaeolus papilionaceus and Hydnum repandum showed significantly antimutagenic activity toward B(a)P. The water extracts of Hydnum repandum showed the strong antimutagenic activity toward B(a)P in S. typhimurium TA100, however the water extracts of the mushrooms did not show antimutagenic activity. Whereas 5 out of 13 samples exhibited antimutagenicity toward a direct mutagen of MNNG. The water extracts from mushrooms also not showed antimutagenic activity. The antimutagenic effect increased with increasing concentraion of the ethanol extracts from Polyporus dispansus.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.80-83
• /
• 1997

The methanol extract of aerial part of Angelica keiskei Koidzumi exhibited a strong antimutagenic activity against aflatoxin $B_1\;(AFB_1)$. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide in the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA100. Cynaroside, isolated front ethylacetate fraction of the methanol extract Over silica gel, inhibited the mutagenicity of $AFB_1$ with an inhibition value of 96% at 1.0 mg/plate concentration and 87% at 0.5 mg/plate concentration. Other compounds, hyperoside, sucrose and luteolin-7-rutinoside, isolated from ethylactate or n-butanol fraction, also showed antimutagenic effect.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.43 no.6
• /
• pp.771-775
• /
• 1999

The antimutagenic activities of the total extract and several fractions of starfish, Asterina pectinifera (Asteriidae), were investigated in vitro by SOS chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37 and Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA100. When various fractions was tested, the chloroform and butanol fractions showed low induction factors, which means both fractions increased antigenotoxicity against the base substitution mutagen MNNG. Even though higher antigenotoxic effect of the chloroform fraction, no effective result of Ames test was found in revertant formation of S. typhimurium TA100. The most effective antigenotoxic and antimutagenic fraction was a butanol one: i.e., When 0.5 mg/tube of butanol fraction was applied, the induction factor was 0.68. As the concentration of the fraction was increased the formation of revertants of S. typhimurium TA100 by about 81%. There was no cytotoxic effect of butanol fraction against S.typhimurium TA100. This result might be useful for further study to search a possible anticancer agent from the starfish, Asterina pectinifera.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.415-422
• /
• 1995

Twenty-four flavones were synthesized with various hydroxyl and/or methoxyl groups on A and B rings. Their antimutagenic properties were evaluated against ben:w(a)pyrene (BaP) and a pool of mutagenic urine concentrate (U) using a modified liquid incubation method of Ames test. The tester strain was Salmonella typhimurium TA98+S9 Mix. The antimutagenic activities were calculated by non linear regression analysis and the doses of flavones (in nmoles) required for a 50% reduction of induced revertants with BaP and U were defined as the inhibition doses (TEX>$ID_{508}{\;}and{\;}ID_{508}$ respectively). Seventeen flavones possessed significant antimutagenic activity against BaP. $ID_{508}$ ranged from 15.1 nmoles (F22) to 1000.6 nmoles (F13). Eighteen f1avones showed significant antimutagenic activity against U. $ID_{50U}$ ranged from 23.5 nmoles (F22) to 354.6 nmoles (F3). The 2',3',4'-trihydroxyflavone (F22, $ID_{508}=15.1$ nmoles, $ID_{50U}=23.5$ nmoles) and the 2',3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone (F20, $ID_{508}=37.8$ nmoles; $ID_{50U}=62.3$ nmoles) had antimutagenic activities similar to those of chlorophyllin ($ID_{508}=19.6$ nmoles and $ID_{50U}=44.2$ nmoles) and were evaluated against B(alP 7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide. Against this last mutagen, the flavones which included three OH in B ring showed the highest activity and this property seemed independent of the substituent groups on A ring.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.56-60
• /
• 2000

We investigated that the extract of Aloe vera L. and its fractions exert antimutagenic activity against Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100, and antileukemic effect against K562 human leukemia cell line. The aqueous ethanolic extract of A. vera L. was revealed to have antimutagenic effect on the AF-2 (2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide) in Salmonella mutation assay. Among the three fractions (fractions A, B and C) separated by silica gel chromatography, fraction C $(50\;{\mu}g/plate)$ exhibited the greatest antimutagenic effect on the AF-2 with inhibition rate of 84 and 90% in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100, respectively. The fraction C $(500\;{\mu}g/ml)$ inhibited the growth of K562 human leukemia cell line by 93% in MTT assay. However, the components of A. vera L. did not exhibit cytotoxic effect against MDBK bovine normal kidney in MTT assay.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.285-289
• /
• 1989

Pontential mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of four steroidal saponins from Smilax china rhizomes were investigated. These saponins did not revealed mutagneicity in the Ames and SOS umu test. For antimutagenic activity by SOS umu test, two spirostanol glycosides, dioscin and gracillin, inhibited the activity of ${\beta}-galactosidase$ induced by AF-2, but their proto-type furostanol glycosides did not show this activity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.32 no.4 s.127
• /
• pp.338-343
• /
• 2001

The extract and fractions of Rumex acetosa (Polygonaceae), a Korean medicinal plant, were examined for their cytotoxicities against five cultured human tumor cell lines, i.e. A549 (non-small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCY15 (colon), using the SRB (sulforhodamine-B) method in vitro and antimutagenic activities by Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 and SOS chromotest with E. coli PQ37. Among the tested samples, the methylene chloride fraction strongly inhibited the proliferation of each examined tumor cell line with $IC_{50}$ values ranged from 13.2 to $18.7\;{\mu}g/ml$ and showed potent antimutagenic activities with 96.1% and 96.7% at the concentration of 1 mg/plate against the mutagens, NPD and sodium azide, respectively. Its antigenotoxic activity was also very effective at the final concentration of $10\;{\mu}g/reaction$ tube against the mutagens, MNNG and NQO by SOS chromotest.