• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.538-547
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• 2019

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of two well-known natural antioxidants, vitamin C (VC) and vitamin E (VE), on the antifungal activity of honokiol against Candida albicans. The broth microdilution method was employed to test the antifungal activities of honokiol with or without antioxidants in the medium against C. albicans strain. Intracellular reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation were determined by fluorescence staining assay. Mitochondrial dysfunction was assessed by detecting the mitochondrial DNA and the mitochondrial membrane potential. We observed that VC could significantly potentiate the antifungal activities of honokiol while VE reduced the effectiveness of honokiol against C. albicans. In addition, VC accelerated honokiol-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibited glycolysis leading to a decrease in cellular ATP. However, VE could protect against mitochondrial membrane lipid peroxidation and rescue mitochondrial function after honokiol treatment. Our research provides new insight into the understanding of the action mechanism of honokiol and VC combination against C. albicans.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2020

To develop an environment-friendly fungicide for controlling tomato wilt diseases, antifungal active substance was isolated Rheum australe D. Don roots against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, a pathogen of tomato wilt, in this study. Methanol extract obtained from Rheum australe roots was successively fractionated with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. The ethyl acetate fraction, which showed the highest antifungal activity, was separated by column chromatography, and 60 subfractions were obtained. The 60 subfractions were anlayzed for antifungal activities by bioassay. The active compound was identified as 5-[(E)-2- (3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1,3-diol (rhapontigenin) by NMR and GC-MS analysis. As a result of testing antifungal activity of rhapontigenin against Fusarium oxysporum, EC₅₀ of rhapontigenin was showed strong antifungal activity at 7.48 mg/L. Therefore, this study showed that the Rheum australe roots extract can be a potential candidate which is a environment-friendly fungicide against Fusarium oxysporum.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.685-691
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• 2022

Plants produce chemicals of immense diversity that provide great opportunities for development of new antifungal compounds. In search for environment-friendly alternatives to the fungicide of current use, we screened plant extracts obtained from more than eight hundred plant materials collected in Korea for their antifungal activity against the model plant pathogenic fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. This initial screening identified antifungal activities from the eleven plant extract samples, among which nine showed reproducibility in the follow-up screening. These nine samples were able to suppress not only M. oryzae but also other fungal pathogens. Interestingly, the plant extracts obtained from Actinostemma lobatum comprised five out of eight samples, and were the most effective in their antifungal activity. We found that butanol fraction of the A. lobatum extract is the most potent. Identification and characterization of antifungal substances in the A. lobatum extracts would provide the promising lead compounds for new fungicide.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.178-186
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• 2007

항균균활성이 있는 4-isopropylphenol(I)과 2-isopropylphenol (II)을 출발물질로 하여 ester, sulfonyl ester, phosphoyl ester와 ether계열 유도체 42종을 합성하였으며, 확인은 IR, $^{1}H-NMR$과 GC/MS를 이용하였다. 이들 유도체들에 대한 in vitro 항균활성 실험을 오이탄저병균(Colletotrichum orbiculare) 외 9종에 대하여 실시하였다. 그 결과, 2-isopropylphenyl piperonyloate(II-7a)가 오이탄저병균(Colletotrichum orbiculare)과 토마토잎마름병균(Phytophthora infestans)에 효과가 있었으며, 4-isopropylphenyl bromoacetate(I-3a)가 오이잿빛곰팡이병균(Botrytis cinerea), 4-isopropylphenyl-4-methoxybenzenesulfonate(I-6b)는 벼도열병균(Pycularia oryzae)에 탁월한 효과를 나타내었으며, 4-isopropylphenylbenzyl ether(I-4d)가 오이탄저병균(Colletotrichum orbiculare)에 우수한 효과를 나타내었다. In vivo 실험에서는 2-isopropylphenyl piperonyloate(II-7a)가 오이탄저병(Colletotrichum orbiculare)과 토마토잎마름병(Phytophthora infestans), 4-isopropylphenyl 4-methoxybenzenesulfonate(I-6b)가 벼도열병(Pycularia oryzae)에 매우 우수한 항균활성을 나타내었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.8-32
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• 2003

Garlic(Allium sativum L.) is one of the oldest cultivated plants and has been used throughout the world as food supplement and folk medicine for thousands of years. In modem times a number of garlic derived products are introduced on the market as health food supplement in ever growing scale. In 1844 German chemist Wertheim investigated the garlic first time chemically and thereafter many kinds of organosulfur compounds were isolated and their biological activities were elucidated scientifically. The main biological activities are antibacterial, antifungal, antithrombotic, cholesterol-lowering, antineoplastic and hepatoprotective activities. Chemical works as well as therapeutic and preventive effects of garlic are reviewed.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권28호
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• pp.59-73
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• 2007

Wooden artifacts are biologically damaged by animals, insects, and micro-organisms. We focused on the evaluation of the antifungal and insecticidal activities of tree extracts to control deterioration of wooden cultural properties. 12 kinds of methanol extracts from 9 species of tree were investigated for their biocidal activities against two micro-organisms and two spices of insect. Most tree extracts showed fungicidal activities to Tyromyces palustris and Trametes versicolor. Among 12 different tree extracts, the strongest antifungal activity against T.palustris and T.versicolor was observed from the extracts of Pinus densiflora stem-bark extract and Pinus koraiensis leaf extracts. However, in the insecticidal activity test, Pinus densiflora stem-bark extracts against termite was relatively effective. Chemical compositions of methanol extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. As a result, it was confirmed that development of biocide based on the natural extracts can be expected to conservate of wooden cultural properties.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.161-163
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• 1993

In order to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of 2,3-disubstituted-1,4-naphthalenedione derivatives, we synthesized several 2-chloro, 2-bromo and 2-hydroxy-3(substituted)-1, 4-naphthalene-diones (1-25). These derivatives were tested for antifugal and antibacterial activities, in vitro, against Candida albicans 10231 and local, Aspergillus niger KCTC 1231, Tricophyton mentagrophytes KCTC 6085, Baciilus subtilis ACTT 6633, Pseudomonas aeruginsa NCTC 10490, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, Escherichia coli NIHJ. The MIC values were determined by the two-fold agar dilution/strea method. Among these derivatives, 4, 5 and 6 showed the potent antifungal activities. Also 5 and 6 had the antibacterial activities. 5 with (1,2,4-triazolyl)-amino moirty was the most effective in preventing the growth of fungi, such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Tricophyton mentagrophytes.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.353.1-353.1
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• 2002

2.5-Disubstituted-6-arylamino-4.7-benzimidazolediones were synthesized and tested for in vitro antifungal activities against pathogenic fungi. The 2-aryl-6-arylamino-5-chloro-4.7-benzimidazolediones were prepared by nucleophilic substitution on 2-Aryl-5.6-dichloro-4.7-benzimidazolediones with appropriate arylamines in good yields. TIte synthesized 4.7-benzimidazolediones were tested in vitro for their growth inhibitory activities against pathogenic fungi by the standard method. The MIC values were determined by comparison to llucytosine as a fungicidal standard agent. The most active potential among the 4.7-benzimldazoledione series was found for 6-arylamino-2-(2-pyridyl)-4.7-benzimidazolediones. which showed generally good activities against all tested Candida apecies and A. niger.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.228-232
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• 2005

국내산 마늘과 중국산 마늘을 methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform. hexane으로 추출하여 항균, 항 곰팡이, 항암, 항고혈압 활성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 추출수율은 methanol추출물이 7.9-8.8 brix의 농도로 가장 높은 추출수율을 보였다. 마늘 용매추출물을 E. coli, B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa 및 S. typhimurium균주에 대해 항균활성을 조사한 결과, ethyl acetate와 chloroform추출물이 B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa에 대해 8-16mm의 clear zone으로 강한 항균활성을 나타내었으며, A. niger, M. miehei, P. rugullosum, A. oryzae, T. reesei균주의 항 곰팡이 활성은 ethyl acetate, chloroform추출물이 A. niger M. miehei, T. reesei에 대해 8-30mm의 clear zone으로 좋은 활성을 나타내었다. ACE 저해 활성은 완도 65.6%, 단양 60.4%, 서산 55.3% 및 중국산 70.1%으로 methanol추출물이 다른 추출물에 비해 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 마늘 용매추출물의 암세포 성장 억제효과는 methanol 추출물이 위암세포(SNU-1)에 대해 완도 42.3%, 단양 53.8%. 중국산 50.4% 및 서산 54.5%의 효과를 나타내었다. 또한 자궁암세포(HeLa)에 대해서는 hexane추출물에서 각각 완도 11.3%,단양 20.2%, 중국산 36.6% 및 서산 30.5%의 활성을 나타내었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.371-376
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to determine tile inhibitory effect of granitic powder against Microsporum canis. Fourteen strains of M. canis isolated from dgs and cats with fungal dermatitis and two strains isolated from humans were used in this study. The in vitro antifungal activities of granitic powder and 5 commercialized antifungal agents (terbinafine, itraconazole, ketoconazole, griseofulvin and fluconazole) were compared. The antifungal effect was measured by the broth microdilution method and was expressed as the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The MIC value of the granitic powder was ranged from 31.3 to 250mg/ml. Terbinafine showed the lowest MIC value among the 5 commercial antifungal agents $(0.0078-0.125{\mu}g/ml)$, while fluconazole showed the highest MIC values $(125-1,000{\mu}g/ml)$. The MIC range of itraconazole, griseofuvin and ketoconazole were $0.125-0.5{\mu}g/ml\;0.625-5{\mu}g/ml$ and $10-40{\mu}g/ml$ respectively. The Geometric mean(GM) MIC values of terbinafine and ketoconazole against M. canis isolated from human were $0.0078{\mu}g/ml\;and\;10{\mu}g/ml$, respectively, while the GM MIC values of these agents against M. canis isolated from animals were $0.063{\mu}g/ml\;and\;31.4{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Other antifungal agents did not show any significant differences in antifungal activity against M. canis of animal or human origin. Although granitic powder was shown to have antifungal activity, it was much lower than that of the 5 commercialized antifungal agents.