• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.174-181
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• 2012

This research aimed to examine the isoflavonoid contents, antibacterial activities, and physiological activities of Cheonggukjang made from sword bean (CS). The effects of adding sword bean were compared with those of raw materials (RM), steamed materials (SM), and traditional Cheonggukjang (TC). In the case of the antibacterial activity on Gram-positive bacteria, the result of CS in ethanol extract was the highest in Bacillus cereus, and the result of water extract was the highest in Staphylococcus aureus. However, in the case of Gram-negative bacteria, Salmonella Typhimurium was the highest in all the extraction. Antioxidant activity and total flavonoid contents were present in the order of TC

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.936-943
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• 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the potential of Stewartia koreana as anti-microbial materials. The branches, stems and leaves of S. koreana were extracted into 70% ethanol and their antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa was confirmed. The leaf, branch and stems extracts (1 mg/disc) showed the antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and leaf extracts showed higher antibacterial activities than those from branch extracts. The MIC against P. aeruginosa was 0.8 mg/ml and showed bacteriostatic action. The inhibitory effects of extract on biofilm formation and gene expression related to biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa was determined by biofilm biomass staining, SEM and qRT-PCR analysis. The biofilm biomass and cell growth of P. aeruginosa in the cultures treated with 0.2~2.0 mg/ml of S. koreana leaf extracts were significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. We observed that the extract had an inhibitory effect on the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilms at concentrations of 0.8 mg/ml by SEM. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the lasI and rh1I gene expression associated to quorum sensing (QS) in the cultures treated with 0.2~2.0 mg/ml of S. koreana leaf extracts were suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner. Based on the above results, it can be concluded that S. koreana leaf extracts can be used as anti-microbial material derived from natural materials, as demonstrated by the antibacterial action and inhibition of biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa by QS inhibition.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2015

The antibacterial activity of a antimicrobial (organic synthetic or organic natural material) on the bacteria (Bacillus megaterium, Arthrobacter oxydans, Micrococcus luteus, Methylobacterium aquaticum) detected in the automobiles showed 99.9% bacteria decrease rate within 30 min of being in contact with the tested bacteria culture. The MIC of the organic synthetic material based antimicrobials and the organic natural material based antimicrobial on the bacteria were 31~500 mg/mL and 8~250 mg/mL, respectively. The bacteria and biofilms were formed on the surface of aluminum after 5 ~8 days in the case of addition of the organic synthetic material based antimicrobial to the MIC values for the tested bacteria culture. On the other hand, there was no proliferation of bacteria and formation of biofilms on the surface of aluminum even after 30 days in the case of addition of the organic natural material based antimicrobial to the MIC values for the tested bacteria culture. As a result, the organic natural material based antimicrobial was confirmed to be more excellent effect of inhibition of bacterial proliferation and restraint of biofilms formation than the organic synthetic material based antimicrobial.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.628-638
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• 2020

This study develops a cool-touch functional Dancesport top for middle-aged women by using cool-touch materials in areas where surface temperature becomes high after exercise. The post-exercise surface temperature of the developed research product was compared and analyzed. In addition, subjective evaluation of cool-touch as well as appearance and movement evaluations were performed. The results are as follows. In designing the research product, a detachable neckband was made using highly-preferred hydrated polymer crystals. A material with high moisture absorption speed was also used in F1, S1, under arm and B5, while a material with good thermal conductivity was used in other parts of the bodice. Deodorant tape with antibacterial and deodorant effects was incorporated in the armpit for additional comfort. As for wear evaluation of the research product, significant differences were found in 10 areas using a material with high moisture absorption speed to compare and analyze the post-exercise surface temperatures of the clothing. The temperature difference between the compared top and the research product in the neckband area was 9.16℃, demonstrating clear cool-touch function in using cool-touch material. In the subjective evaluation of cool-touch function, the results showed high scores when asked about the efficiency of the detachable neckband and the ease of movement when wearing the product. In the appearance evaluation, significant differences were found in 11 items, including redundant folds, tightfit, fit, and design line. The overall mean score of the movement evaluation was 4.6, indicating excellent function for movement.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2024

This study is to propose Lagerstroemia indica flower as an anti-acne cosmetic material, and confirmed the sebum control, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects using Lagerstroemia indica flower extract (LIFE) . As a result of evaluating the sebum control effectiveness, it was confirmed that LIFE inhibited the production of sebum excessively induced with palmitic acid up to 65%. Subsequently, it was confirmed that LIFE has an antibacterial effect and the ability to inhibit lipase activity against Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), which mainly appears in acne lesions, and can also reduce the inflammatory response caused by virulence factors secreted by C. acnes. It was also confirmed that LIFE inhibited the secretion of nitrogen monoxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which are inflammatory mediators induced by LPS in macrophages, by 75% and 54%, respectively, and that it also had a high DPPH radical scavenging ability similar to that of ascorbic acid. These results suggest that LIFE, a natural extract, can be used as an anti-acne material to relieve and treat acne, a complex disease, by controlling sebum production and having antibacterial and lipase activity inhibiting against C. acnes, and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.437-443
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• 2013

The diversity of culturable non-actinobacterial (NA) bacteria associated with four species of South China Sea gorgonians was investigated using culture-dependent methods followed by analysis of the bacterial 16S rDNA sequence. A total of 76 bacterial isolates were recovered and identified, which belonged to 21 species of 7 genera, and Bacillus was the most diverse genus. Fifty-one percent of the 76 isolates displayed antibacterial activities, and most of them belonged to the Bacillus genus. From the culture broth of gorgonian-associated Bacillus methylotrophicus SCSGAB0092 isolated from gorgonian Melitodes squamata, 11 antimicrobial lipopeptides including seven surfactins and four iturins were obtained. These results imply that Bacillus strains associated with gorgonians play roles in coral defense mechanisms through producing antimicrobial substances. This study, for the first time, compares the diversity of culturable NA bacterial communities among four species of South China Sea gorgonians and investigates the secondary metabolites of gorgonian-associated B. methylotrophicus SCSGAB0092.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.820-827
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• 2023

Since COVID-19 began at the end of 2019, the wearing time of protective clothing used to prevent pathogenic bacteria and virus infection has increased, and the development of safe protective materials that are human-friendly and have antibacterial and antiviral functions has been required. In this study, we investigated the possibility of developing natural antibacterial protection materials using ethanol extract of the medicinal plant Zanthoxylum Piperitum DC. The antibacterial activity assay of the 80% ethanol extract of Z. piperitum DC leaves against various nosocomial infectious bacteria, using the disk diffusion method, showed that Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Salmonella typhimurium, and Aeromonas hydrophila are sensitive to the inhibitory action of the extract. The IC₅₀ values of the ethanol extract against S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, P. vulgaris and A. hydrophila were about 0.59 mg/ml, 0.50 mg/ml, 1.06 mg/ml, and 0.06 mg/ml, respectively. To determine whether the ethanol extract of Z. piperitum DC leaves can be applied to the development of antibacterial protective fabric, the ethanol extract was tested using a protective fabric from the KM Health Care Corp. using the JIS L1902-Absorption method. As a result, the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity values of S. aureus ATCC 25923 and K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883 appeared to be more than 2.0 when treated with the ethanol extract at a concentration of 1% (w/v). Together, these results suggest that Z. piperitum DC leaves can be applied to develop natural antibacterial functional protective fabrics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 2016

Elimination of the smear layer and bacteria in the root canal is the most important in the endodontic treatment, and various irrigation devices have been developed. Nevertheless, it is hard to eliminate the smear layer and bacteria completely. In this paper, a micro bubble irrigation system has been developed for the root canal cleaning of tooth. Micro bubbles are generated when pressurized fluids passing through a porous material inside a hand-piece nozzle, and the bubbly flows excited by ultrasonic vibration are observed using a high-speed camera and a microscope. The results show that the diameter and number of bubbles increases with the applied pressure, and there found an optimum excitation frequency in order to minimize the bubble size. From in-vitro tests, it is also verified that the developed bubble irrigation system has the ability of antibacterial and infection removal. Thus, this biocompatible system would be well suited for root canal cleaning.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.787-791
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• 2017

Panax ginseng marc is produced from fresh ginseng roots during processing and is generally treated as industrial waste. The primary aim of this study was to improve its utilization in the dairy industry as a potential high-value resource. Yogurt was prepared from 11% skim milk powder, 0.1% pectin, 10% sucrose, and ginseng marc ethanol extract (GME, 0.5% and 1.0%) in milk, and was inoculated with a 0.02% yogurt culture (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifido-bacterium longum, and Streptococcus thermophilus). After fermentation at $40^{\circ}C$ for 6-8 h, the physicochemical properties of samples were analyzed by the AOAC, Kjeldahl, and Soxhlet methods. Sensory evaluation was performed based on consumer acceptability scores with a 7-point scale, and antimicrobial effects were measured by the agar plate method. The moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and ash contents of yogurt supplemented with 1% GME were $85.06{\pm}0.06%$, $4.41{\pm}0.01%$, $4.30{\pm}0.05%$, and $0.81{\pm}0.03%$, respectively, with no significant changes noted from those of yogurt without GME (control), except for an increase in the crude fat content. The sensory scores of color, flavor, texture, overall taste, and overall acceptance of yogurt supplemented with below 1% GME did not differ significantly (p<0.05) to those of the control yogurt. In addition, the growths of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter sakazakii were inhibited during fermentation and storage. These results suggest that GME could be used in dairy products as a supplement and in the food industry as an antimicrobial material.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.61-72
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• 2009

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the safety and efficacy of Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution manufactured with freezing dryness method to use eye drop. To identify the use of it as eye drop, the eye irritation test of rabbits and the antibacterial test of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Candida albicans were performed. Methods : 1. The eye irritation test of this material was performed according to the Regulation of Korea Food & Drug Administration(2005. 10. 21, KFDA 2005-60). After Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution was administered in the left eye of the rabbits, eye irritation of the cornea, iris and conjunctiva was observed at 1, 2, 3, 4 & 7day. 2. After administering Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) which cause Keratitis, MIC(Minimum Inhibition Concentration) and the size of inhibition zone were measured. Anti-bacterial potency was also measured using the size of inhibition zone. Results : 1. After Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution was administered in the left eye of the rabbits, it was found that none of nine rabbits have abnormal signs and weight changes. 2. After Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution was medicated in the left eye of the rabbits, no eye irritation of the cornea, iris and conjunctiva was observed at 1, 2, 3, 4 & 7day. 3. There was no response to MIC on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) after Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution was medicated. Conclusions : The present study suggests that Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution is a nontoxic and non-irritant medicine, which does not cause eye irritation in rabbits, but dosen't have antibacterial effects on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) which cause Keratitis. These study result recommends that more research on other herbal medicines of eye drop for Keratitis are required.