• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.796-801
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate antioxidant activity and anti-immunological inflammatory effect of Allium victorialis subsp. platyphyllum extracts (AVPEs). Antioxidant activities of AVPEs were determined by free radical scavenging assay and reducing power test. Leaf-part extract had comparatively better antioxidant activity than other-part extracts. Antioxidant activity of extracts had protective effect for human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) against superoxide anions secreted from activated neutrophils. Also, we observed AVPEs had inhibitory effects on the adherence of monocytic THP-1 to HUVEC monolayer to the basal level. Inhibitory effect on cell adhesion was caused by suppression of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}\;(TNF-{\alpha})-upregulated$ expression of vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin in HUVECs. From these results, we expect to support the evidence of anti-immunological inflammatory effects of Allium victorialis subsp. platyphyllum (AVP) as a Korean traditional pharmaceutical.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.57-60
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• 2004

Glycyrrhizin (18$\beta$-glycyrrhetinic acid-3-O-$\beta$-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1$\rightarrow2)-\beta$-D-glucuronide, GL) was transformed to 18$\beta$-glycyrrhetinic acid-3-O-$\beta$-D-glucuronide (GAMG) by Streptococcus LJ-22. The antiallergic activities of GL and GAMG was measured using a RBL cell assay system and contact hypersensitivity model mice. GAMG exhibited anti-allergic activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 0.28 mM. GAMG, which is sweeter than GL, and 18$\beta$-glycyrrhetinic acid, which is a GAMG metabolite by human intestinal bacteria, also inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and skin contact inflammation. In conclusion, GAMG may be useful as a new sweet food additive and an anti-allergic agent.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

In order to examine the functionality of broccoli sprout (Brassica oleracea, BS), solvent extracts were prepared and their anti-oxidative and immunomodulating activities were compared with those of broccoli (B). EtOH extracts (E) were potently higher than hot-water extracts (HW) in the antioxidant contents and radical scavenging activity. In particular, the total polyphenolic contents in addition to ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity were significantly higher in EtOH extract of broccoli sprout (BS-E; 9.15 mg GAE/g, 4.52 mg AEAC/g, and 1.14 mg AEAC/g) compared with that of broccoli (B-E; 7.83 mg GAE/g, 3.63 mg AEAC/g, and 0.97 mg/AEAC/g). Whereas, total flavonoid content was significantly higher in B-E (1.60 mg QE/g) than BS-E (1.43 mg QE/g). Anti-inflammatory activity was investigated using LPS-induced cell line model at a concentration of $10{\sim}100{\mu}g/mL$, in which all solvent extracts of both broccoli sprouts and broccoli were not toxic to RAW 264.7 cell lines. In anti-inflammatory activity of broccoli sprouts, EtOH extracts also showed significantly more potent activity than hot-water extracts in all sample concentrations tested. In addition, BS-E ($100{\mu}g/mL$) inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and IL-6 production to 60.9% and 68.9% compared with the LPS inflammation group (without extracts), whereas B-E inhibited 49.6% and 54.9%. On the other hand, in immunostimulating activity by splenocytes and macrophages, hot-water extract showed significantly higher activity than EtOH extract. Especially, BS-HW stimulated the splenocyte proliferation (1.2-fold against saline group) and IFN-${\gamma}$ production (264.39 pg/mL) at $100{\mu}g/mL$, and the production of IL-6 (1.33-fold), IL-12 (1.09-fold) and TNF-${\alpha}$ (1.49-fold) from macrophages was also significantly enhanced over broccoli. In conclusion, broccoli sprouts showed more potent anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and immunostimulating activity than broccoli, suggesting the possibility of using broccoli sprouts as functional food materials.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.757-761
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• 2010

자소는 여러 질환을 치료하는 식물로 알려져 있는데, 본 연구는 자소 추출물을 이용하여 항산화 활성 및 항염증 활성을 알아보았다. 자소 추출물을 이용한 DPPH, FRAP 실험 결과, 농도에 따른 항산화 활성을 확인할 수 있었으며, 자소자 추출물의 경우 고온/고압 추출시 활성이 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 마우스 동물모델을 이용한 항아토피활성 결과 귀와 상피의 비후를 감소시키고, 면역세포의 침투현상을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로, 자소는 항산화 및 염증완화 소재로 이용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.280-283
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• 2001

민간약으로 사용되는 당호박의 물 추출물에 대하여 실험한 결과 500mg/kg 투여군에서 carrageenan에 의한 부종에 대하여는 42.1%의 억제효과를 보였고, 고지방 식이에 의해 상승된 혈중 cholesterol과 triglyceride의 함량을 각각 20.1%와 35.3% 감소시킨 반면 HDL-cholesterol의 함량을 43.1% 증가시킴으로 고지혈증에 대하여 유의성 있는 억제효과를 나타내어 당호박의 부종 및 고지혈증의 치료에 대한 약용가치는 충분하다고 사료된다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was verification of the anti-inflammation and anti-oxidant effect of Cheongungdajosan-gamibang extract (CG) in mouse macrophage, RAW 264.7 cells. Methods : We have basically using LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The cell toxicity was determined by MTT assay. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Cheongungdajosan-gamibang, amount of nitric oxide(NO) was measured using the NO detection kit and the IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ expression was measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Also, free radical scavenging assay has tested for DPPH and ABTS radical activity as well as the contents of total polyphenol. Results : In this study, 96.6% or higher cell viability was observed in all tested groups from 1, 10, $100{\mu}/m{\ell}$ in RAW 264.7 cells. The RAW 264.7 cells were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CG 1, 10, $100{\mu}/m{\ell}$. The CG decreased nitric oxide (NO) production activity dose dependently, especially at $100{\mu}/m{\ell}$ of 55%. The production of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ were decreased by 51%, 78% and 35% in CG treated $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. CG showed dose-dependent suppression activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, especially at $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of 37%. DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS cation decolorization were activated over 86% and 88% in CG at $1,000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ concentration. Conclusions : According to the results, we thought that CG showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities on the RAW 264.7 cells in mouse macrophage. Therefore, this research is expected to provide the fundamental data about the natural material analysis of relating to the anti-inflammation and antioxidant.

• 셀메드
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.7.1-7.6
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• 2023

Raphanus sativus L. has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity. However, the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of action of the Raphanus sativus L. seeds (RSS) with or without oil are still unknown. This study was undertaken to investigate the in-vitro anti-inflammatory effect with or without oil in the RSS on RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results showed the suppressed LPS-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α). Additionally, a decrease in protein expression of iNOS was observed, but nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 was not inhibited. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of RSS, the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways was examined. We also found that RSS blocked LPS-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK) signaling but did not affect the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2. These results suggest that RSS may have potential as an anti-inflammatory agent through the inhibition of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production via regulation of the JNK pathway.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.395-401
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• 2021

Extended inflammation and cytokine production pathogenically contribute to a number of inflammatory disorders. Formosanin C (FC) is the major diosgenin saponin found in herb Paris formosana Hayata (Liliaceae), which has been shown to exert anti-cancer and immunomodulatory functions. In this study, we aimed to investigate anti-inflammatory activity of FC and the underlying molecular mechanism. RAW264.7 macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or pretreated with FC prior to being stimulated with LPS. Thereafter, the macrophages were subjected to analysis of the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6, as well as two relevant enzymes, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The analysis revealed that FC administration blunted LPS-induced production of NO and PGE in a dose-dependent manner, while the expression of iNOS and COX-2 at both mRNA and protein levels was inhibited in LPS-stimulated macrophages pre-treated with FC. Moreover, LPS stimulation upregulated mRNA expression and medium release of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, whereas this effect was blocked upon FC pre-administration. Mechanistic studies showed that inhibitory effects of FC on LPS-induced inflammation were associated with a downregulation of IκB kinase, IκB, and p65/NF-κB pathway. Taken together, these data suggest that FC possesses an inflammation-suppressing activity, thus being a potential agent for the treatment of inflammation-associated disorders.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.336-341
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• 2015

Sepsis is a life-threatening, infectious, systemic inflammatory disease. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of α-cubebenoate, a novel compound isolated from Schisandra chinensis against polymicrobial sepsis in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) experimental model. Administration of α-cubebenoate strongly enhanced survival in the CLP model. α-cubebenoate administration also markedly blocked CLP-induced lung inflammation and increased bactericidal activity by enhancing phagocytic activity and hydrogen peroxide generation in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and neutrophils. Expression of two important inflammatory cytokines, IL-1 and IL-6, was strongly increased in the CLP model, and this was dramatically blocked by α-cubebenoate. Lymphocyte apoptosis and caspase-3 activation, which are associated with immune paralysis during sepsis, were markedly attenuated by α-cubebenoate. Taken together, our findings indicate that α-cubebenoate, a natural compound isolated from Schisandra chinensis, is a powerful potential anti-septic agent. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(6): 336-341]

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2011

The study was conducted to investigate candidate materials as anti-inflammation agent from plant resources. Activities of 33 plant parts extracts with the final concentration of 5${\mu}g/ml$ were evaluated on the several inflammation-related markers such as the release of proinflammatoty cytokine [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) & interleukin-6 (IL-6)], nitric oxide (NO), the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B alpha ($I{\kappa}-B{\alpha}$) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The extracts in the final concentration of 10 ${\mu}g/ml$ were also screened on peroxynitrite (ONOO$^-$) scavenging activity. Eleven extracts selected from the screening assay were verified on the inhibition activity on peroxynitrite and total reactive species oxygen (ROS) in the several concentrations. As results, Alpinia officinarum Hance (rhizome), Inula britannica var. chinensis Regel (flower), Ulmus arvifolia Jacq (trunk peel) and Aster scaber Thunb. (aerial part) showed comparatively potent anti-inflammatory activities in vitro cells or chemical level systems, and then these four plant parts should be studied on the antiinflammatory mechanism by further studies.