• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.163-166
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• 2011

For reduction of side effects by anti-fungal agents, a less toxic anti-fungal substance or a synergistic substance with a new mechanism is needed. The anti-yeast substance (AYS) originated from Rahnella aquatilis strain AY2000 is like to be a heterogeneous protein. The AYS inhibited the growth of Candida albicans in culture broth, and AYS-treated cells were arrested in each phase during cell cycle. Among AYS-treated cells, the population of the cells belonging to sub-G1 phase was not increased during cell cycle. Therefore, AYS has rather yeaststatic than yeastcidal effect to C. albicans. Moreover, with combination of itraconazole or fluconazole, AYS had a synergistic anti-yeast activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on the analysis of fractional inhibitory concentration index.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.141-146
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• 2004

Fungal products indirectly mediate anti-tumor effects in vitro and in vivo. To investigate whether Lentinus edodes might possess direct anti-tumor substance, L. edodes was extracted and tested on human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 oncogenes-associated animal tumor cells (TC-1) and in an animal tumor model. Only water extract displayed direct anti-proliferative effects in TC-1 tumor cells in vitro. This inhibition was dose-dependent, and inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50}$) was $800\;{\mu}g/mL$. Fungal extracts also showed growth inhibition to human cervical cancer cells (CaSki and HeLa) similarly to TC-1 tumor cells. When fungal extracts were added at a high dose (1.5 mg/mL), cell growth was inhibited within 6 hr following extract treatment. Cell growth inhibition was blocked by heat treatment, but not by low pH, which is indicative of heat sensitivity of this anti-proliferative substance. Cell growth suppression was mediated by apoptosis, as determined by Annexin V and propidium iodide staining. When challenged with TC-1 cells, direct intratumoral injection of fungal extracts resulted in some positive effect on tumor growth inhibition, as compared to oral delivery. Results suggest that heat labile substance of L. edodes suppresses growth of HPV oncogenes-associated tumor cells through apoptosis.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.951-962
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• 2015

To develop environment-friendly agricultural products with anti-microbial activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum as a pathogen of sclerotium disease, Aristolochia tagala Champ. was extracted by methanol and its extract was fractionated into several solvent fractions. The chloroform fraction, which showed the highest antimicrobial activity, was separated by column chromatography and obtained forty three subfractions. The forty three fractions were searched the anti-fungal activities by bioassay. The most active No. 26 subfraction was analyzed by GC-MS. Each mass spectra, corresponding to each peak of chromatogram, was compared to MS database of Wiley library. As a result, 2,4-di-tetra-butyl-phenol, 2-mono-palmitin, 1-mono-stearin were profiled as maine compounds in No. 26 subfraction. Bioassay using commercial 1-mono-stearin to test for the anti-microbial activity conformed the antimicrobial active compound. In conclusion, 1-mono-stearin identified from Aristolochia tagala Champ. was antimicrobial chemical against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2000

In the course of screening for the substances inhibiting apoptosis ofU937 human leukemia cell induced by etoposide, a fungal strain F80834 producing a high level of inhibitor was selected. The inhibitory substance was purified and identified as terrein by spectroscopic methods of UV, EI-MS, IH-NMR, 13C-NMR and DEPT. Terrein showed inhibitory activity of caspase 3, a major protease of apoptosis cascade, with an $IC_{50}$ value of $20\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ after 7 hrs of treatment. It also showed protective effect against cell death with an $IC_{50}$ value of $10\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ on U937 cells induced by etoposide after 24 hrs of treatment, but did not show any cytotoxicity at the same condition without etoposide.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.458-463
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• 2020

Hispidin is a secondary metabolite found in numerous medicinal mushrooms that has attracted significant attention, owing to its distinct biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and cytoprotective properties. Experiments are being carried out to study the interaction of detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) with synthetic and natural hispidin sourced from extracts of Pholiota sp. fungus. The bioluminescence method is used to determine the adsorption/desorption properties of DNDs toward hispidin. It is found that hispidin forms strong conjugates with DNDs, and the use of various eluents does not result in a significant release of the adsorbed hispidin molecules. DND-bovine serum albumin (BSA) complex, where DNDs serve as a carrier for the protein and the latter acts as a hispidin sorbent, has been developed and applied in hispidin adsorption/desorption tests. The results support the use of the DNDs as a carrier for hispidin in medical applications. They also advocate the application of the DND-BSA complex for isolating the substance from fungal extracts.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1254-1260
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• 2010

Microorganisms near the plant rhizosphere usually inhabit the surface or the inside of the plant roots and have a direct effect on plant growth by secreting plant growth promoters or antagonistic materials which protect the root zone system from various pathogens. This study was carried out to identify and isolate the antagonistic materials after isolation of microorganisms showing high antagonistic activities, in hopes of contributing to the development of sustainable agriculture and the preservation of agricultural environments. A number of antagonistic bacteria were isolated from paddy soil. Among isolates, RRj 228 showed plant growth promotion and antagonistic activity. RRj 228 was identified as Pseudomonas sp. according to the results of physiological properties and genetic methods. On the basis of the results of anti-fungal spectrum against several pathogens by RRj 228, the antagonistic effect of the isolate against Botrytis cinerea, Pythium ultimum, Phytopthola capsici, and Rhizoctonia solani, especially against red-pepper anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum, was remarkable. The experiment evaluating the biological control effect by RRj 228 revealed that the $ED_{50}$ value by the RRj 228 culture against C. acutatum, R. solani and P. ultimum were 0.14 mg/ml, 0.16 mg/ml and 0.29 mg/ml, respectively. An antagonistic substance was isolated and purified by several chromatographies from the RRj 228 culture. The $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ assignment of the antagonistic substance was achieved from two-dimensional $^1H-^1H$ COSY, HMQC, and HMBC. Finally, the antagonistic substance was identified as Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid ($C_{13}H_8N_2O_2$, M.W.=224).