• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

OSCC is currently the most common malignancy of the head and neck, affecting tens of thousands of patients per year worldwide. Natural flavonoids from plants are potential sources for novel anti-cancer drugs. Icariin is the active ingredient of flavonol glycoside, which is derived from the medical plant Herba Epimedii. A metabolite of icariin, icariside II exhibits a variety of pharmacological actions, including anti-rheumatic, anti-depressant, cardiovascular protective, and immunomodulatory functions. However, the exact mechanism causing the apoptosis-inducing effect of icariside II in OSCC is still not fully understood. In the present study, we assessed the anti-cancer effect of icariside II in OSCC cell lines by measuring its effect on cell viability, cell proliferation, and mitochondria membrane potential (MMP). Icariside II treatment of OSCC cells resulted in a dose- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability. Hoechst staining indicated apoptosis in icariside II-treated HSC cells. Icariside II inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HSC cells, with significant increases in all present parameters in HSC-4 cells. The results clearly suggested that icariside II induced apoptosis via activation of intrinsic pathways and caspase cascades in HSC-4 cell lines. The collective findings of the study suggested that Icariside II is a potential treatment for OSCC; in addition, the data could provide a basis for the development of a novel anti-cancer strategy.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the recognition and uses of Astragalus membranaceus. The survey methodology employed was a questionnaire, which interviewed 272(37.8%) males and 448(62.2%) females from the Seoul and Kyunggido area. The main results are as follows: 40-50 years old like and eat Astragalus membranaceus more frequently than 10-30 years old. The most popular reason provided for the preference of Astragalus membranaceus was good health benefits. People indicating a dislike for Astragalus membranaceus had generally fewer previous experiences of eating this plant. The main purchasing place appears to be traditional markets and supermarkets. Astragalus membranaceus was acknowledged as having the following characteristics ‘excellent nutrition’(3.82), ‘natural food’(3.76), ‘possessing anti-cancer and anti-oxidization characteristics’(3.70) and ‘good for liver function, a depressant and good coelenteron effects’(3.62). However, it was not associated with a ‘cheap price’(3.02) and was regarded as ‘difficult for buy’(3.10). Recognition and eating experience was low for Astragalus membranaceus kimchi and rice bread, bread, sauce and Astragalus membranaceus added health drinks. However opinion of its taste was regarded highly.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.76-82
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• 2001

The pharmacological activities of the acetonitrile (MeCN), hexane extracts and isolated pure terpenoidal compound Lupeol from the leaves of Teclea nobilis, Delile (TN), on inflammation induced by carrageenan an implantation of cotton pellets in rats; the nociceptive response using writhing and tail flick tests and the antipyretic activity in yeast-induced fever were examined in mice. Oral administration of TN extracts at doses of 150 and 300 mg/ks and lupeol 5 and 10 mg/kg showed a significant anti-inflammatory activity in rats. The extracts of TN and lupeol significantly decreased the number of contractions and stretchings induced by acetic acid and heat-induced pain in mice. The antipyretic effect of extracts and lupeol was also found to be significant. The behavioral observation of animals showed that the hexane extract and lupeol caused CNS depressant activity and did not produce any toxic or lethal effects in animals at various dose levels. The results suggest that the Teclea nobilis extracts and lupeol possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.331-335
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• 2005

The methanolic extract of Hibiscus vitifolius flowers (HVE), was evaluated for neurophamacological activities by carrying out rota rod, locomotor activity and traction performance in mice and swim endurance activity in rats in different dosages (10, 30 and 100mg/kg body weight). HVE showed a significant effect on central nervous system by increasing the time taken for rota rod, traction performance and locomotor activity while swimming time was found to be decreased when compared to normal control animals. These results suggest that HVE possess significant anxiolytic and anti depressant activity which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoid in HVE.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제77권2호
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• pp.81-84
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• 2014

A patient treated with venlafaxine for major depression developed an interstitial lung disease (ILD) with the characteristic clinical, radiological and pathological features of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. A high resolution computed tomography scan demonstrated ground glass opacity, mosaic perfusion with air-trapping and traction bronchiectasis in both lungs. The pathological findings were consistent with a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern. Clinical and radiological improvements were noted after the discontinuation of venlafaxine and the administration of a corticosteroid. This report provides further evidence that the anti-depressant venlafaxine can cause ILD.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.509-513
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• 2021

커큐민은 산화방지능, 항염증, 항우울, 항균, 항종양 등의 다양하고 유익한 생리학적 활성이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 또한, 커큐민은 면역조절, 대사조절, 신경보호 효과도 가지고 있다. 지난 10년 동안 13,000편 이상의 연구 논문에서 커큐민의 건강상 이점에 대한 연구가 발표되었음에도 불구하고, 아직까지 전 세계 어느 나라에서도 커큐민을 의약품으로 시장에 출시하지 못하고 있다. 긍정적인 결과가 많음에도, 건강상의 이점을 내세우는 대부분의 연구는 커큐민의 다양한 화학적 거동을 고려하지 않은 시험관실험 및 동물실험에 기반으로 하고 있다. 커큐민은 PAINS이자 IMPs 중의 하나로 알려져 있다. 따라서 엄격한 연구 설계에도 불구하고, 인체적용시험 및 임상시험은 특별한 이점을 입증할 수 없었다. 이 논문에서는 커큐민의 다면적 특성을 검토하여 커큐민의 부정적 특성이 이로운 효과와 균형을 이룰 수 있도록 하고 건강상의 이점을 더 잘 이해할 수 있는 잠재적 연구 방법을 제안하고 있다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2014

Objectives : Investigation of the antidepressant effect of Glycyrrhizae Radix (GR) through the anti-inflammatory effect. Methods : Depression in rats was induced by LPS (i,p.3days). The rats were treated with GR100 mg/kg (GR 100) or GR400 mg/kg (GR 400). The depressive immobility was examined with Tail Suspension Test(TST) and Forced Swimming Test(FST). The expression of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$(NF-${\kappa}B)$, $I{\kappa}B$ was measured with western blotting. The concentration of corticosterone, cytokine in plasma was measured with ELISA. The expression of c-Fos in the paraventricular nucleus(PVN) and tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) in the locus coeluleus(LC) were measured with immunostaining method. Results : In the TST, GR400 group significantly decreased immobility time compared with the LPS group. In the FST, GR100, GR400 group significantly decreased immobility time comparing with the LPS group. c-Fos expression in GR100 and GR400 group was decreased comparing with the lipoplysaccharide(LPS) group. The $I{\kappa}B$ expression of GR100 and GR400 group was increased comparing with the LPS group. The level of corticosterone of GR100 group was decreased comparing with the LPS group. The concentration of cytokine of GR100 and GR400 group was decreased comparing with the LPS group. TH expression in the LC was increased in LPS group, but in GR100 and GR400 group was not shown significant decrease. Conclusion : According to this results obtained, GR has antidepressant effects by the anti inflammatory action through the suppression of HPA axis activity, not through the action against the catecholaminergic system.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.404-414
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• 2015

Taurine is one of the most abundant free ${\beta}$-amino acids in the human body that accounts for 0.1% of the human body weight. It has a sulfonic acid group in place of the more common carboxylic acid group. Mollusks and meat are the major dietary source of taurine, and mother's milks also include high levels of this amino acid. The leukocytes, heart, muscle, retina, kidney, bone, and brain contain more taurine than other organs. Furthermore, taurine can be synthesized in the brain and liver from cysteine. There are no side effects of excessive taurine intake in humans; however, in case of taurine deficiency, retinal abnormalities, reduced plasma taurine concentration, and other abnormalities may occur. Taurine enters the cell via a cell membrane receptor. It is excreted in the urine (approximately 95%) and feces (approximately 5%). Taurine has a number of features and functions, including conjugation with bile acid, reduction of blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels, promotion of neuron cell differentiation and growth, antioxidant effects, maintenance of cell membrane stability, retinal development, energy generation, depressant effects, regulation of calcium level, muscle contraction and relaxation, bone formation, anti-inflammatory effects, anti-cancer and anti-atherogenic effects, and osmotic pressure control. However, the properties, functions, and effects of taurine require further studies in future.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.206-212
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• 2018

Depression is a type of mood disorder characterized by hypochondriasis, decreased appetite, and insomnia. Depression is a disease that affects more than 100 million people worldwide. 2-Nonadecanone (NAC) is a bioactive substance that constitutes Fomes fomentarius, and NAC is expected to have an antidepressant effect. By using the forced swimming test (FST), we investigated the effects of treatment with NAC on immobility subacutely in rats after oral dosing once a day for 2 days. Serum levels of cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Nuclear factor-2 (Nrf-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) were analyzed by western blot method. NAC dose-dependently decreased immobility in the FST. NAC dosedependently decreased FST-induced increase of cytokine levels, as manifested by significantly stronger effects on $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ levels at higher doses than the lowest dose of NAC. Western blot analysis showed that Nrf-2 was significantly lower in the NAC-treated group than in the disease-induced group. The iNOS results were also significantly lower in the NAC-treated group than in the other groups. Considering FST results, the antidepressant effect of NAC is effective. Considering the results of cytokine and protein expression, this anti-depressant effect may be related to the anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, it can be said that the anti-inflammatory effect of NAC increases the antidepressant effect in the FST experiment.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2016

Cytisine (CYT), a partial agonist of ${\alpha}4{\beta}2-nicotinic$ receptors, has been used for antidepressant efficacy in several tests. Nicotinic receptors have been shown to be closely associated with depression. However, little is known about the effects of CYT on the depression. In the present study, a mouse model of depression, the unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), was used to evaluate the activities of CYT. UCMS caused significant depression-like behaviors, as shown by the decrease of total distances in open field test, and the prolonged duration of immobility in tail suspension test and forced swimming test. Treatment with CYT for two weeks notably relieved the depression-like behaviors in the UCMS mice. Next, proteins related to depressive disorder in the brain region of hippocampus and amygdala were analyzed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of CYT. CYT significantly reversed the decreases of 5-HT1A, BDNF, and mTOR levels in the hippocampus and amygdala. These results imply that CYT may act as a potential anti-depressant in the animals under chronic stress.