• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.471-478
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• 2015

Colon cancer is considered as the precarious forms of cancer in many developed countries, with few to no symptoms; the tumor is often diagnosed in the later stages of cancer. Monoterpenes are a major part of plant essential oils found largely in fruits, vegetables and herbs. The cellular and molecular activities show therapeutic progression that may reduce the risk of developing cancer by modulating the factors responsible for colon carcinogenesis. Colon cancer was induced with DMH with a dose of (20 mg/Kg/body weight) for 15 weeks by subcutaneous injection once in a week. Myrtenal treatment was started with (230 mg/Kg/body weight) by intragastric administration, one week prior to DMH induction and continued till the experimental period of 30 weeks. The Invivo results exhibit the elevated antioxidant and lipid peroxidation levels in DMH treated animals. The Histopathological analysis of colon tissues well supported the biochemical alterations and inevitably proves the protective role of Myrtenal. Treatment with myrtenal to cancer bearing animals resulted in a remarkable increase in the inherent antioxidants and excellent modulation in the morphological and physiological nature of the colon tissue. It is thus concluded that myrtenal exhibits excellent free radical scavenging activity and anticancer activity through the suppression of colon carcinoma in Wistar albino rats.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.359-365
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• 2014

본 연구는 신고 배 저온 저장 중 발생하는 과피 흑변에 관여하는 주요 대사체를 untargeted GC-MS 그리고 targeted HPLC로 알아보고자 하였다. GC-MS 분석 결과 아미노산, 유기산, 당 관련 총 40개의 대사체를 정성할 수 있었고 건전과는 과피흑변과에 비해서 전반적으로 높은 대사체 함량을 보였다. 특히 serine, malic acid, succinic acid가 건전과에서 높게 나타난 반면 과피 흑변과에서는 threonine, fumaric acid, gluconic acid 함량이 높았다. 개개의 phenolic compounds 분석 결과 건전과에서 높은 phenolic compounds 함량을 보였다. 또한 항산화 능력과 깊은 관련이 있는 ascorbic acid가 과피 흑변과에서 낮게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 보아 세포 내 비정상적인 호흡 및 에너지 대사과정, 항산화 능력 결여가 신고 배 과피 흑변에 관여하는 주요 대사 과정임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2009

Soybean grit를 이용하여 B. subtilis HA에 의한 고체발효를 통해 얻어진 발효물의 발효 시간에 따른 생리활성물질의 변화 및 항산화능을 평가하였다. 발효시간이 증가함에 따라 혈전분해효소 활성 및 protease 활성은 계속적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, ${\alpha}$-amylase 활성은 발효 5일에서 최대값을 나타내었다. Tyrosine 함량은 발효 5일에서 최대값을 보였으며, 콩 가수분해물중에서 분자량 3,000 Da 이하의 분자량을 갖는 콩 펩타이드 및 갈변화색소는 발효시간이 증가함에 따라서 증가하는 경향을 보였다. Soybean grit 발효물의 총 폴리페놀함량은 주정 추출물이 물 추출물보다 전반적으로 높게 나타났으며 주정 추출물은 발효시간 3일째 18.10 mg/g으로 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 항산화능을 나타내는 DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 발효시간 3일째 가장 높은 값을 보였으며, ABTS 라디칼 소거능은 발효 기간이 증가함에 따라 대조군에 비해 증가되었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2016

Objectives： This study is experimental comparison of brown rice (BR) and germinated brown rice (GBR) on upper gastrointestinal diseases animal models.Methods： The ICR mice were divided randomly into four groups of six animals each (Normal mice, gastritis mice, gastritis mice treated with BR, gastritis mice treated with 48h GBR). Gastritis was induced by administration of 0.5 mL 150 mM HCl-60% ethanol. Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 7 groups after 1 week adaptation. (Normal rat, reflux esophagitis (RE) rat, RE rat treated with BR, RE rat treated with 24,30,36,48h GBR). Reflux esophagitis was induced by ligation with a 2-0 silk thread both the pylorus and the transitional junction between the forestomach and the corpus in SD rats.Results： HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury mice were ameliorated mucosal damage upon histological evaluation by treatment of 48h GBR than BR. Optical changes such as hyperemia and multiple erosions were observed in the rats with RE and damage to the normal rats was not apparent. The oral administration of GBR significantly diminished against gross mucosal damage in a germination time-dependent manner. Also, the administration of GBR suppressed the biomarker of oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and produces peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in serum. However, the administration of GBR could not affect to the pH level secreted from stomach when compared with Control group.Conclusions： These findings suggest that GBR could have improving effects on upper gastrointestinal diseases in a germination time-dependent manner.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.649-654
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• 2006

The objective of present study was to investigate the anti oxidative and hepatoprotective effects of tomato extracts. Total antioxidant capacity and total antioxidant response were 5.5 and $19.8{\mu}g$ Trolox equivalent per mg of tomato extract, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity of tomato extracts ($10mg\;ml^{-1}$) was 70% as compared to 100% by pyrogallol solution as a reference. The effect of the tomato extracts on lipid peroxidation was examined using rat liver mitochondria induced by iron/ascorbate. Tomato extracts at the concentration of $0.5mg\;ml^{-1}$ significantly decreased TBARS concentration. Tomato extracts prevented lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of the tomato extracts on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was examined using cell-free system induced by $H_2O_2/FeSO_4$. Addition of $1mg\;ml^{-1}$ of tomato extracts significantly reduced dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence. Tomato extracts caused concentration-dependent attenuation of the increase in DCF fluorescence, indicating that tomato extracts significantly prevented ROS generation in vitro. The effect of tomato extracts on cell viability and proliferation was examined using hepatocyte culture. Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes were incubated with 1mM tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) for 90 min in the presence or absence of tomato extracts. MTT values by addition of tomato extracts at the concentration of 2, 10, and $20mg\;ml^{-1}$ in the presence of t-BHP were 13, 33 and 48%, respectively, compared to 100% as control. Tomato extracts increased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. These results demonstrate that tomato extracts suppressed lipid peroxidation and t-BHP-induced hepatotoxicity and scavenged ROS generation. Thus antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of tomato extracts seem to be due to, at least in part, the prevention from free radicals-induced oxidation, followed by inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1998년도 Advances in Ginseng Research - Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ginseng -
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• pp.270-280
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• 1998

Ginseng is one of the most widely used medicinal plants, particularly in East Asian countries. Certain fractions or purified ingredients of ginseng have been shown to exert inhibitory effects on growth of cancer cells in culture or on tumorigenesis in experimental animals. Moreover, a recent epidemiologic study reveals that ginseng intake is associated with a reduced risk for environmentally related cancers such as esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and pulmonary tumors. Heat treatment of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer at the temperature higher than that applied to the conventional preparation of red ginseng yielded a mixture of saponins with potent antioxidative properties. Thus, the methanol extract of heat-processed ginseng (designated as'NGMe') attenuated lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates induced by ferric ion or ferric ion plus ascorbic acid. Furthermore, the extract protected against strand scission in f Xl 74 supercoiled DNA Induced by UV photolysis of H2O2 and was also capable of scavenging superoxide generated in vitro by xanthine/xanthine oxidate or in differentiated human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells by the tumor promoter,12-0-tetvade- canoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Since tumor promotion is closely linked to oxidative stress, we have determined possible anti-tumor promotional effects of NGMe on two-stage mouse skin tumorigenesis. Topical application of NGMe onto shaven backs of female ICR mice 10 min prior to TPA significantly ameliorated skin papillomagenesi s initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA).'Likewise, TPA-induced epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity and elevation of tumor necrosis factor-a were suppressed signifies%fly by NGMe pretreatment. NGMe topically applied onto surface of hamster buccal pouch 10 min before each topical application of DMBA inhibited oral carcinogenesis by 76olo in terms of multiplicity. Taken together, these results suggest that processed Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer has potential cancer chemopreventive activities.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.855-862
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• 2013

Although antioxidant activities of Korean traditional fermented foods were reported by many researchers, study on antioxidant activity of microorganism originated from Korean traditional fermented foods was little. Therefore, we improved condition for antioxidant production by a bacterium isolated from home-made Chungkookjang. We selected a bacterial strain, which showed the highest antioxidative activity, from Chungkookjang and then named GJ. The selected GJ strain was identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus by alignment data of 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequences. Improved medium compositions for DPPH radical scavenging activity were 0.25% sucrose, 1% peptone, 0.01% $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ and initial pH 6.5, respectively. Optimal culture conditions were $30^{\circ}C$, 200 rpm and 4% inoculum volume, respectively. In improved conditions, DPPH radical scavenging activity of GJ reached to 91% in a short time. The strain GJ also possessed ACE inhibition and other antioxidative activities; ACE inhibition activity (49.4%), ABTS radical scavenging activity (99.8%), metal chelating activity (67.9%), SOD-like activity (36.5%) and reducing power ($A_{700}$ = 5.982) were observed, respectively. Therefore, our results suggest that B. methylotrophicus GJ strain may be potential candidate for functional foods, cosmetic products for anti-aging and medicine for diseases caused by oxidative stress.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.357-363
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• 2015

본 연구는 치아 치료를 위한 다양한 구강제품의 성분들을 천연물에서 발굴하여 부작용이 적고 저렴한 구강제품을 만들에 삶의 질적인 부분에서 웰니스를 위한 융복합 연구를 하고자함이다. 사람 골육종세포(MG-63)에 오배자(Galla Rhois) 추출물을 이용하여 구강염증질환에 있어서 항염증효과를 항산화작용기전의 지표로 사용하는 NO생성과 DPPH radical 소거능으로 확인하였다. 오배자 80% 메탄올추출물에서 62%, n-헥산 추출물에서 68%의 강한 NO생성 억제 활성을 나타냈다. DPPH radical 소거능을 살펴보면 오배자 80% 메탄올추출물은 27.8%, n-헥산 추출물은 30.5%, 디에틸에테르 추출물은 51.7%, 클로로포름 추출물은 66.4% 그리고 에틸아세테이트 추출물은 62.4%의 자유라디칼 소거억제능력을 확인할 수 있었다. 이에 본 연구는 오배자 메탄올 추출물이 항산화 작용에 있어서 탁월한 효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었고, 이러한 천연물 유래성분들을 적용하여 비용부담이 줄여서 삶의 질적 수준을 높여보고자 한다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2011

Korean red ginseng (KRG), the steamed root of Panax ginseng Meyer, has a variety of biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer effects. Aflatoxin $B_1$ ($AFB_1$) produced by the Aspergillus spp. causes acute hepatotoxicity by lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage, and induces liver carcinoma in humans and laboratory animals. This study was performed to examine the protective effects of KRG against hepatotoxicity induced by $AFB_1$ using liver-specific serum marker analysis, histopathology, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling. In addition, to elucidate the possible mechanism of hepatoprotective effects, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde were analyzed. Rats were treated with 250 mg/kg of KRG (KRG group) or saline ($AFB_1$ group) for 4 weeks and then received 150 ${\mu}g/kg$ of $AFB_1$ intraperitoneally for 3 days. Rats were sacrificed at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, or 1 wk after $AFB_1$ treatment. In the KRG pre-treatment group, serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde levels were low, but superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were high as compared to the $AFB_1$ alone group. Histopathologically, $AFB_1$ treatment induced necrosis and apoptosis in hepatocytes, and led to inflammatory cells infiltration in the liver. KRG pre-treatment ameliorated these changes. These results indicate that KRG may have protective effects against hepatotoxicity induced by $AFB_1$ that involve the antioxidant properties of KRG.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.168-173
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• 2005

Alzheimers disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of neurodegenerations associated with aging in the human population. This disease is characterized by the extracellular deposition of beta-amyloid (A ${\beta}$) peptide in cerebral plaques. The A ${\beta}$ peptide is derived from the ${\beta}$-amyloid precursor protein ( ${\beta}$APP). Photolytic processing of ${\beta}$APP by ${\beta}$-secretase(beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme, BASE) and ${\gamma}$-secretase generates the A ${\beta}$ peptide. Several lines of evidence support that A ${\beta}$-induced neuronal cell death is major mechanisms of development of AD. Accordingly, the ${\beta}$-and ${\gamma}$-secretase have been implicated to be excellent targets for the treatment of AD. We previously found that sesaminol glucosides have improving effect on memory functions through anti-oxidative mechanism. In this study, to elucidate possible other mechanism (inhibition of ${\beta}$-and ${\gamma}$-secretase) of sesaminol glucosides, we examined the improving effect of sesaminol glucosides in the scopolamine (1 mg/kg/mouse)-induced memory dysfunction using water maze test in the mice. Sesaminol glucosides (3.75, 7.5 mg/kg/6ml/day p.o., for 3 weeks) reversed the latency time, distance and velocity by scopolamine in dose dependent manner. Next, ${\beta}$-and ${\gamma}$-secretase activities were determined in different regions of brain. Sesaminol glucosides dose-dependently attenuated scopolamine-induced ${\beta}$-secretase activities in cortex and hippocampous and ${\gamma}$-secretase in cortex. This study therefore suggests that sesaminol glucosides may be a useful agent for prevention of the development or progression of AD, and its inhibitory effect on secretase may play a role in the improving action of sesaminol glucosides on memory function.