• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.952-961
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intakes and the serum iron status of 74 Food and Nutrition major, and 45 non-major, female students at a university in Incheon. This cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire and the data were analyzed by the SPSS 10.0 program. The nutrient intake data collected from three-day dietary recalls were analyzed by the Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program. Anthropometric data and hematological indices of iron in the blood were measured. Average heights, weights, body fat and mid-upper arm circumference of Food and Nutrition major and non-major female students were 160.3 cm, 53.5kg, 25.8%, 23.7cm and 159.8cm, 55.5kg, 28.9%, 24.8cm, respectively. There were significant differences in body fat percentage and mid-upper arm circumference between the major and non-major students. In all subjects, daily dietary intakes of nutrients- except protein, vitarrlin B1, vitamin C and phosphorus - were lower than the Korean RDA. In particular, calcium and iron intakes of all subjects were under 60% of the Korean RDA. Values of RBC (red blood cell) count, Hb (hemoglobin), Hct (hematocrit), MCV (mean cell volume), MCH (mean cell hemoglobin), and MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) of the non-major students were significantly higher compared to those of the major students. The diastolic blood pressure of the major students was negatively correlated with MCV, MCH, TS, and serum iron levels. Triceps skinfold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference and waist-to-hip ratios of the non-major students were negatively correlated with TIBC. Fat intake was positively correlated with RBC, Hb, Hct, and TIBC (total iron binding capacity) in the major students. Vitamin C intake was positively correlated with serum iron in the major students. Carbohydrate intake was positively correlated with Hb, Hct, and MCHC in the non-major students. Niacin and iron intakes were positively correlated with Hb and Hct in the non-major students. Therefore, nutrition education is necessary for female university students to improve nutritional status and to practice optimal nutrition strategies. (Korean J Nutrition 35(9) : 952~961, 2002)

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.556-564
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to assess the iron nutritional status of college women residing in the Kyungin area. The anthropometric parameters, nutrient intake, and biochemical status of iron were measured for 102 college women. The mean height and weight were 160.3cm and 52.4kg, respectively. The proportion of subjects whose BMI was less than 20 was 41.3%. The proportion of subjects assessed as overweight(25$\geq$25%) assessed by the fat percent(FP) was 53.9%. The mean daily intake of iron was 13.90mg(77.1% of RDA), composed of 0.97mg of heme iron and 12.44mg(69.0% of RDA). When the sources of iron were grouped as rice(including bread), noodle, soup, side dish, and snack, noodle provided, 3.95mg of iron regarded as the highest amount. Subjects were taking 6.72mg(51.4% of RDA) of iron per day from main dishes(rice, bread and noodle). The fifty five percent of the subjects showed iron depletion(serum femitin<20ng/ml)and 33.4% showed suppressed erythropoiesis with iron deficiency(serum ferritin<10ng/ml). The anemic subjects assessed with transferrin saturation (<15%) represented 33.3% of the test population, whereas 11.8% of the subjects possessed less than 12g/dl of hemoglobin. Subjects not satisfied with their body shape were having significantly lower amount of energy intake(p<0.05) than the subjects satisfied with their body shape. College women having mothers who graduated from university had a significantly decreased amount of energy, carbohydrates, fat and vitamin C(p<0.05). The mean RBC and serum iron of the subjects who were on a diet more than one month were lower than those of the subjects who were not on a diet(p<0.05).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.513-520
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• 1990

A nutrition survey of 274 children, 6 to 12 years old, in the Nan Hyang elementary school, which offers no school lunch program and is situated in Shinllim 7-dong of Seoul, as the location of one of the socioeconomically vulnerable groups, was undertaken in July of 1989, to investigate nutritional status. anthropometric data of subjects surveyed slightly lower results than the Korean standards and further lower results than those of Yun Jung elementary school children of Youido, Seoul. 16.3% of subjects were proven to be anemic according to the hematocrit criterion established by the WHO. Mean urinary urea nitrogen/creatinine ration was 9.5$\pm$4.1. Family environment were positively correlated with anthropometric data and results of biochemical tests.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.177-186
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• 1997

To evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional supplements for cancer patients, the study was performed in 30 cncer patients, receiving chemotherapy. Patients were randomly divided into two groups -15 patients for the nutritionally supplemented group and 15 patients for the control group. Patients of the supplemented group were nutritionally supported with a commercial product for 9 weeks. Nutritional status of the patients was detrmined by dietary intake data, anthropometric measurements and hematological analysis at the beginning and after 3, 6 and 9 weeks of supplemental priod. Mean daily intake levels of energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and asorbic acid for the supplemented group were significantly higher than those of control group. Significant increase in mid-arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness and arm fat area were observed in supplemented group during the study period. However, the changes of body weight, body mass index and arm muscle area were not significantly increased. Serum transferrin level improved slightly by nutritioal support, but serum albumin levle did not change significantly. There data show that nutritional status of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy can be improved by utritional supplementation for 9 weeks.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.505-516
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The association between nutritional status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not fully understood. This study was conducted to understand the role of nutritional status on HRQoL among people with and without T2DM. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Structured survey and direct measurement of anthropometric data were conducted among people with and without T2DM. Nutritional status was measured with Mini Nutritional Assessment tool and HRQoL was measured with a 36-item Short Form Healthy Survey. Data collection was conducted in Chuncheon, South Korea with 756 participants who are older than 40 yrs of age. RESULTS: This study found that overall HRQoL were significantly lower in people with T2DM than people without T2DM after controlling for key covariates. When stratified by nutritional status, a greater degree of negative impact of T2DM on overall physical HRQoL was observed among well-nourished or at risk of malnutrition, whereas significant and more evident negative impact of diabetes on overall psychological HRQoL was observed only among malnourished. CONCLUSIONS: The study results suggest the role of nutritional status among people with T2DM on overall, especially psychological aspects of HRQoL. Future longitudinal or intervention studies are warranted to test the impact of nutritional status on HRQoL among people with T2DM.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.387-397
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate nutritional status and fatigue, and to identify the relationship between nutritional status and fatigue in gynecological cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: Participants were 106 outpatients who had uterine, ovary, or breast cancer and a descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Nutritional indicators including biochemical and anthropometric measures, the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) scale, and the Piper's Revised Fatigue Scale were completed. Results: About thirty-nine percent of the patients were malnourished based on the SGA. Serum hemoglobin and total lymphocyte levels were less than the normal ranges, although anthropometrics were normal. The women experienced moderate fatigue with a mean score of $5.84{\pm}2.00$. Nutritional status was significantly different by age, education, employment status, and monthly income. The women also had different nutritional status and fatigue depending on the type of cancer and chemotherapy. Fatigue was significantly related to SGA scores, serum hemoglobin, triceps skinfold thickness and mid-arm muscle circumference. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight an urgent need to provide adequate nutritional support and fatigue management with individualized strategies for gynecological cancer patients on chemotherapy.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.341-350
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• 2003

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify dietary factors related to infertility in Korean women through a case-control study. Methods: The case group was composed of 236 women who had been diagnosed as infertility in hospital. The control group of 181 healthy women with children were recruited from local immunization centers. Socio-economic status, medical history, dietary intakes using food frequency questionnaire and stress were surveyed by interview. Anthropometric measurements were made and the causes of infertility were identified through medical records. Fasting blood samples were taken from subgroup of the subjects. Results: The mean age of infertile and control groups was 31.1 and 32.4 years, respectively and the difference was statistically significant. The mean Body Mass Index of infertile women was not significantly different from control women, however, Waist/ Hip Ratio and Triceps Skinfolds Thickness were significantly lower in infertile women than in control women. The dietary intake status was generally satisfactory in both groups. The intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, retinol, vitamin B2 and niacin were lower in infertile women than in control women. The infertile women also showed lower intakes of animal foods. No differences were found between two groups in serum concentrations of albumin, hemoglobin, Fe, TIBC, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, C3, IgA, IL-2, however, infertile women showed higher levels of Zn and IgG. The stress score was higher in infertile women. Conclusions: From the results of this study, dietary factors and nutritional status do not seem to be directly related to infertility. However, the intertile women have lower nutrient intake and lower body fat content than control women. Further researches are needed according to the causes of infertility for long term to establish the relationship between dietary factors and infertility.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2006

Minerals are extremely important in human metabolism, growth, and tissue repair. The risks of disturbances in mineral nutrition and metabolism are high following menopause. The aim of the study was to investigate the mineal nutrition status in middle-aged women (Pre & Postmenopausal) and the relation to climacteric symptoms. In the present study, we conducted the anthropometric measurement, climacteric symptoms survey and the dietary intakes including macronutrients, vitamins and minerals to assess the nutrient intakes. Also plasma mineral levels (Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Cu, Zn) was measured. The participants were 105 middle-aged women (pre=51, Postmenopausal=54). The anthropometric measurement showed that 74% of subjects was overweight and obesity. The energy intakes were 83% of Korean EER. The macromineral intake (Ca, P, Mg, Na, K), Ca, P and Mg were 65%, > 116% and > 107% of Korean RI. Na and K intakes were > 243% and 53% of Korean AI. For the trace mineral intake (Fe, Cu, Zn), Fe, Cu and Zn intakes were 82%, > 146%, and 94% of Korean RI. The serum mineral concentration measurement, in case of Ca, Fe and Zn, > 10% of subjects showed lower level than normal clinical range. The most frequently appeared climacteric symptoms were dry eye, forgetfulness, difficult concentration, shoulder pain, fatique, depression & lonesomeness, backache, snore, dry skin, ankle & knee pain. In relation to mineral nutrition with climacteric symptoms, significant correlations have been founded between Ca intake and difficult concentration, Mg intake and snore, Fe & Zn intake and forgetfulness & dry skin, serum Ca concentration and forgetfulness, serum Na concentration and dry eyes & snore, serum K concentration and shoulder pain. From these results, it has been indicated that some mineral nutrition status may effect the prevention and reduction of climacteric symptoms in pre and postmenopause women.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.171-185
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• 2003

The eight hundred fourteen male and female elderly living in urban and rural area of Incheon were compared in terms of anthropometric indices and health related factors. Mean height, weight, BMI, WHR, MAC, TSF, %body fat and systolic blood pressure of male elderly were 162.7cm and 162.0cm, 61.8kg and 58.3kg, 23.2 and 22.0, 0.91 and 0.89, 24.4cm and 24.0cm, 9.9mm and 11.5mm, 23.9% and 23.2%, 152.1mmHg and 150.0mmHg in the urban and rural respectively. In female elderly, mean height, weight, BMI, WHR, MAC, TSF, %body fat and systolic blood pressure were 150.3cm and 149.2cm, 55.9kg and 53.1kg, 24.4 and 23.4, 0.87 and 0.86, 25.4cm and 24.4cm, 20.2mm and 18.9mm, 37.2% & 35.4%, 142.2mmHg and 151.7 mmHg in the urban and rural respectively. As the age increasing, most of the anthropometric indices are decreased while systolic blood pressure are increased in both gender. The proportion of the subject with normal hearing were 73.1% in the urban, 61.4% in the rural and 61.8% in the male, 73.1% in the female. Hearing and tooth status became deteriorated as increasing the age and the more elderly felt themselves unhealthy as increasing the age. Aerobic(25.7%) and walking/jogging(18.4%) in the urban, walking/jogging (22.1%) and climbing(3.5％) in the rural were the preferred exercise in the elderly. Frequency of health promoting substance intake were very low and not significantly different between the urban & the rural, and the male and the female elderly. Neuralgia, diabetes, indigestion and cerebral stroke showed relatively higher morbidity in the elderly. Neuralgia was significantly higher in the female(23.3%) than in the male(13.1%). Diabetes was significantly higher in the female(22.4%) and the urban(21.9%) elderly than in the male(16.1%) and the rural(13.5%) elderly respectively. In conclusion, as the age increasing the height and weight of the elderly decreased significantly and BMI, WHR and body fat toned to decrease. Hearing and tooth status deteriorated significantly as the age increasing, especially in female elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.731-737
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a system for analyzing nutrition status based on hierarchical fuzzy inference approach, where the hierarchical fuzzy approach used to analyze the transition process on the nutritional status from an obesity degree, the previous nutritional status, and the eating pattern with an individual. Moreover we discussed about the selection method of fuzzy membership intervals of the next layer to improve the reliability of inference results in hierarchical fuzzy system, where their intervals are modified by using statistical information of the defuzzified results obtained from the previous layer. To show the effectiveness of this system, we evaluated the nutritional status from the information of anthropometric measurement, biochemical test, and INQ on 113 people over the age of 65, and also analyzed their nutritional status.