• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.40-49
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• 2010

Dental clinicians often encounter cases wherein the patient's lost molar area was neglected and left untreated for an extended period of time, thereby causing the extrusion of opposite molars and occlusal disharmony as well as occlusion in the anterior teeth and consequently resulting in anterior displacement in the area. Clinicians normally carry out prosthetic treatment via occlusal plane lifting when such becomes absolutely necessary due to the lack of sufficient space needed for prosthetic therapy aimed at proper anterior and lateral induction. In this case report, we examined occlusal disharmony and VDO loss in a patient who had lost his molars and had not received prosthetic treatment for an extended period of time. We treated the maxillary area with dental implant prosthetics and Kennedy Class I RPD and the mandibular area with residual natural tooth-based implant placement and dental implant prosthetics. The patient reported treatment outcomes that were deemed satisfactory both functionally and aesthetically.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.23 no.4 s.43
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• pp.475-483
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to investigate the treatment effects on anterior crossbite patients using chin cap and labiolingual arch appliance. In the present study, I statistically evaluated measurement values on a cephalogram before and after treatment form twenty anterior crossbite cases. The results were as follows: 1. In the craniofacial patterns, cranial base increased after treatment. 2. In the maxillo-mandibular relationship, ANB and Facial convexity significantly increased. 3. In the denture patterns, occlusal plane, Ul to FH and Overjet significantly increased. On the contrary overbite decreased significantly. Lower incisors inclined lingually. 4. In the soft tissue profile changes, lower lip protrusion was signifacantly improved.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.379-390
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and cephalometric characteristics of patients with anterior open bite and mandibular condylar resorption. Total of 45 subjects were recruited from the patients who visited the Department of Oral Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital in 2006 for treatment of temporomandibular dysfunction. After taking patient's history concerning temporomandibular joint dysfunction, clinical examination was performed and panoramic, transcranial, and lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained. The cephalometric data were compared to those of normal Korean population. The results were as follow: 1. Clinical characteristics 1) Female was 4.6 time more prevalent than male, and 82.2% of the subjects were in second and third decade. 2) Angle's Class I occlusal type was 51%, Class II was 29%, and Class III was 20%. 3) The mean value of the overjet and overbite were 3.2mm and -1.1mm, respectively. 4) Most of the patients had parafunctional oral habits. 2. Cephalometric characteristics 1) SNA showed no significant difference between condyle resorption and normal group. However, in female resorption group, SNB was lesser and ANB was greater than those in normal group. 2) SN-GoMe and FMA increased in resorption group. 3) Palatal plane angle did not show significant difference between resorption and normal group. 4) Total posterior facial height was significantly smaller and total anterior facial height showed no significant increase as compared with those of the normal group. 5) Mandibular body length did not show any significant difference between resorption and normal group.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.179-203
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• 1992

This study was designed to analyze nasal respiratory patency and its correlation with skeletal components in growing children with anterior crossbite. The subjects consisted of 40 control patients, 24 nose breathers with anterior crossbite and 18 mouth breathers with anterior crossbite. The mean age was 11.4 years in the control group, 10.1 years in nose breathing group and 9.5 years in mouth breathing group. The results were as follows, 1. In anterior cross bite group, and nasal respiratory airflow rates (N.R.A.R.) was significantly lower than that of control group regardless of nasal decongestants application. 2. The N.R.A.R. of mouth breathers with anterior crossbite in male group was significantly lower than that of mouth breathers, but increased to the level of control group after nasal decongestants application. But in female group, the N.R.A.R. was significantly lower in mouth breathing group at both conditions. 3. Mouth breathing group showed smaller anterior vertical nasal cavity height (ANS-ANS'), lower upper anterior facial height ratios (N-sp'/N-Me) and higher maxillary occlusal plane ratios (OL-ML/ML-NL) than those of nose breathing group with anterior crossibte. 4. Items showing nasal height (ANS-ANS', PNS-PNS'), anterior upper facial height (N-sp') was were strongly correlated with N.R.A.R. at 150 pascal in inspiration. But item showing maxillary occlusal plane ratios (OL-ML/ML-NS) was negatively correlated with N.R.A.R. at 150 pascal in inspiration. 5. There were forward tongue position in mouth breathing group, but it was not significantly correlated with N.R.A.R. at 150 pascal in inspiration.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.1 s.72
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• pp.113-127
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the stability of counterclockwise rotation of mandible by sagittal split ramus osteotomy to correct the skeletal Class III malocclusion with anterior open bite. Twenty five skeletal Class III open bite patients(mean age 20.6 years) who were treated by the sagittal split ramus osteotonues with rigid fixation were examined in this study. Cephalometric radiographs were taken for each Patients Preoperative(T1), ewly Postoperative(T2), and late postoperative Period(T3). Mean postoperative period was 8.0 months. Cephalometric analysis was done and data from T1, T2, and T3 were analyzed statistically by Paired t-test and Pearson correlation analysis. The following results were obtained. 1. Mandibular plane angle decreased $2.9^{\circ}$ and mandibular occlusal plane angle related to SN Plane decreased $2.7^{\circ}$ after orthognathic surgery(T2). At 6 months after orthognathic surgery(T3), mandibular plane angle increased $1.0^{\circ}$, but mandibular occlusal plane angle did not changed. 2. The amount of horizontal relapse long time after orthognathic surgery(T3) was 1.6 mm at B point and it was $22\%$ of the total posterior movements. There was no vertical relapse in the anterior facial height. 3. The related factor with horizontal relapse at late postoperative period was mandibular plane angle(p<0.01). The related factors with decreasing posterior facial height were amount of mandibular setback(p<0.01), increasing of mandibular ramus height(p<0.01), and decrease of the mandibular plane angle during operation(p<0.01). 4. There was no relationship between the amount of changes in mandibular occlusal plan angle during operation and the amount of relapse after surgery.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.245-253
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• 2019

Orthognathic surgery of skeletal Class III malocclusion improves oral function and facial appearance. The greater amount of skeletal discrepancy, the greater amount of teeth movement required for decompensation, and this often causes pathological changes in periodontal tissue especially in lower anterior dentition. We made a Top-Down treatment plan with personalized analysis using Face Hunter, Plane System and ARCUS Digma II, in order to resolve severe mobility and cross-bite of lower anterior teeth for 49-year-old female patient who had undergone orthognathic surgery 20 years ago due to skeletal Class III malocclusion and mandibular prognathism. Lower anterior teeth were extracted and alveoloplasty was done. After healing of the wound, immediate loading was conducted immediately after implant placement. Final restorations were fabricated Zirconia using CAD/CAM, and inserted intraorally screw-retained type. During 6-month follow-up, no abnormal episodes of restorations were observed, and obtained satisfactorily both of functional and esthetic outcomes.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.199-211
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• 2016

Objective: Given the considerable disagreement between the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index and the American Board of Orthodontics Cast-Radiograph Evaluation, we aimed to develop a novel assessment system-the Improvement and Completion of Outcome (ICO) index-to evaluate the outcome of orthodontic treatment. Methods: Sixteen criteria from 4 major categories were established to represent the pretreatment malocclusion status, as well as the degree of improvement and level of completion of outcome during/after treatment: dental relationship (arch length discrepancy, irregularity, U1-SN, and IMPA); anteroposterior relationship (overjet, right and left molar position, ANB); vertical relationship (anterior overbite, anterior open-bite, lateral open-bite, SN-MP); and transverse relationship (dental midline discrepancy, chin point deviation, posterior cross-bite, occlusal plane cant). The score for each criterion was defined from 0 or -1 (worst) to 5 (ideal value or normal occlusion) in gradations of 1. The sum of the scores in each category indicates the area and extent of the problems. Improvement and completion percentages were estimated based on the pre- and post-treatment total scores and the maximum total score. If the completion percentage exceeded 80%, treatment outcome was considered successful. Results: Two cases, Class I malocclusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion, are presented to represent the assessment procedure using the ICO index. The difference in the level of improvement and completion of treatment outcome can be clearly explained by using 2 percentage values. Conclusions: Thus, the ICO index enables the evaluation of the quality of orthodontic treatment objectively and consecutively throughout the entire treatment process.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.50-57
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• 2020

The loss of posterior support and the abnormal jaw relation can cause pathologic findings. If deep bite patients with multiple missing teeth, can not have the stable posterior contact, the mandible moves posteriorly, and consequently the overjet and overbite get worse. And when the mandibular irregular occlusal plane is corrected, it is easier to have the bilateral balanced occlusion with the maxilla. So the treatment goal is to give proper posetrior support and establish appropriate anterior guidance, and ultimately provide improved mastication and esthetics recovery. In this case, a 68 year old man, having deep bite without posterior support was evaluated by the vertical dimesion decision flow-chart. An available prosthetic height, anterior occlusal relation such as overjet, overbite and the esthetic part such as facial height and the cephalometric analysis are the factors to be considered.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.337-346
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• 2006

Aims: The present study investigated the relationship between condylar resorption and craniofacial skeleton types(especially vertical relationships), the differences of craniofacial skeleton types between with open bite group and without open bite group, and the associations of anterior disc dislocation with or without reduction to condylar resorption with MRI. Patients selection and methods: Clinical examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), panorama, lateral transcranial and lateral cephalometric radiographs in 34 patients with condylar resorption were used to investigate this relationship. Results and Conclusions: Patients with the following specific facial morphologic characteristics appear to be most susceptible to condylar resorption: (1) females were predominant, (2) patients' age ranged from 12 to 50 years old with a strong predominance for 2nd and 3rd decades, (3) patients had high mandibular plane angle and high gonial angle, (4) patients had decreased vertical height of the ramus, (5) patients had generally significant antegonial notch, (6) patients had predominance of Class I occlusal relationship with or without open bite but mandible was retruded as mean ANB 5.54 degrees, (7) condylar resorption rarely occurs in lower mandibular plane angle facial types, (8) although no statistically significant difference was found, the open bite group had a tendency more hyperdivergent skeletal pattern than the non open bite group, and (9) imaging demonstrates from small resorbing condyles to idiopathic condylar resorption and TMJ articular disc dislocations. Thus, morphologic features of patients with vertical discrepancies may represent a risk factor for the development of condylar resorption.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.66-79
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• 2014

Purpose: To analyze the amount and pattern of tooth movement and the changes in arch dimension of mandibular dentition after orthodontic treatment using a new three-dimensional (3D)-indirect superimposition method. Materials and Methods: The samples consisted of fifteen adult patients with class I bialveolar protrusion and minimal anterior crowding, treated by extraction of four first premolars with conventional sliding mechanics. After superimposition of 3D-virtual maxillary models before and after treatment using best-fit method, 3D-virtual mandibular model at each stage was placed into a common coordinate of superimposition using 3D-bite information, which resulted in 3D-indirect superimposition for mandibular dentition. The changes in mandibular dental and arch dimensional variables were measured with Rapidform 2006 (INUS Technology). Paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. Result: The anterior teeth moved backward, displaced laterally, and inclined lingually. The posterior teeth showed statistically significant contraction toward midsagittal plane. The amounts of backward movement of anterior teeth and forward movement of posterior teeth showed a ratio of 6 : 1. Although the inter-canine width increased slightly (0.8 mm, P<0.05), the inter-second premolar, inter-first molar, and inter-second molar widths decreased significantly with similar amounts (2.2 mm, P<0.05; 2.3 mm, P<0.01; 2.3 mm, P<0.001). The molar depth decreased (6.7 mm, P<0.001) but canine depth did not change. Conclusion: A new 3D-indirect superimposition of the mandibular dentitions using best-fit method and 3D-bite information can present a guideline for virtual treatment planning in terms of tooth position and arch dimension.