• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.599-611
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• 2009

This article concerns the labeling guideline for health benefits of livestock products. In recent years, livestock products with health benefits have emerged as a key market for livestock product industries. However, the current labeling regulation for functional foods severely prohibits livestock product industries from attaching most of the health benefits claims to the products. Also, manufacturers have some difficulties in labeling the health benefits of certain livestock products because of a lack of guidelines on health benefit claims for livestock products. Therefore, some livestock product industries and scientists have strongly demanded a revision of labeling regulation, Appended Chart No. 14 provided by Article 52 (2) of Enforcement Regulation of the Processing of Livestock Products Act, so they could mark the health benefits on their products. To support the 'revision of labeling regulation', the goals of this article were as follows; 1) to assess the current situation on nutrition labeling and nutrition claims on foods, 2) to determine the current situation on health claim regulatory systems used in foreign countries (CODEX, USA, Japan, EU, and Australia/New Zealand), 3) to assess the current situation on the health claim or health benefit claim regulations for functional foods, conventional foods, and livestock products in Korea, and 4) to determine the need for complement in health benefit claim for livestock products. In conclusion, guidelines for the use of health benefit claims on livestock products should be prepared as soon as possible and the guidelines should be viable and easy for manufacturers and control authorities to understand. Also, nutrient profiles should be developed to identify whether the livestock products are eligible to bear health benefit claims and to help consumers make the right choices.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.531-538
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• 2022

In Italy, buffalo mozzarella is a largely sold and consumed dairy product. The fraudulent adulteration of buffalo milk with cheaper and more available milk of other species is very frequent. In the present study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in combination with multivariate analysis by partial least square (PLS) regression, was applied to quantitatively detect the adulteration of buffalo milk with cow milk by using a fully automatic equipment dedicated to the routine analysis of the milk composition. To enhance the heterogeneity, cow and buffalo bulk milk was collected for a period of over three years from different dairy farms. A total of 119 samples were used for the analysis to generate 17 different concentrations of buffalo-cow milk mixtures. This procedure was used to enhance variability and to properly randomize the trials. The obtained calibration model showed an R² ≥ 0.99 (R² cal. = 0.99861; root mean square error of cross-validation [RMSEC] = 2.04; R² val. = 0.99803; root mean square error of prediction [RMSEP] = 2.84; root mean square error of cross-validation [RMSECV] = 2.44) suggesting that this method could be successfully applied in the routine analysis of buffalo milk composition, providing rapid screening for possible adulteration with cow's milk at no additional cost.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.3_spc
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• pp.443-448
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• 2021

Objective: Astaxanthin is a natural super antioxidant. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of astaxanthin rich Phaffia rhodozyma (PR) supplementation in diets on laying production performance, egg quality, antioxidant defenses and immune defenses in laying hens. Methods: A total of five hundred and twelve 60-week-old Lohmann Brown laying hens (2,243±12 g) were randomly assigned to four groups, each including 4 replicates with 32 birds per replicate. Astaxanthin rich PR was added to corn-soybean meal diets to produce experimental diets containing 0 (Control), 800 mg/kg, 1,200 mg/kg, and 1,600 mg/kg PR, respectively. The astaxanthin content in the diet was 0.96 mg/kg, 1.44 mg/kg and 1.92 mg/kg respectively. Results: Results showed that dietary PR supplementation tended to increase daily feed intake (p = 0.0512). There was no effect of astaxanthin rich PR on Haugh units, albumen height, egg shape index, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness at weeks 6 (p>0.05). However, egg yolk color was significantly improved (p<0.05). In addition, astaxanthin rich PR supplementation significantly increased serum glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity (p<0.05), increased serum immunoglobulin G content (p<0.05), and reduced malondialdehyde content (p<0.05) in laying hens. Conclusion: In conclusion, astaxanthin rich PR can improve the color of egg yolk, enhance the antioxidant defenses, and regulate the immune function.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2023

Eugenol, which can be extracted from clove oil, is a phenolic aromatic compound and has been found to have antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant functions. Consequently, clove oil has long been used in several fields (food, medicine, skincare). Hence, in this study, the sensory profile of clove oil contained in milk analogs (almond, oat, and soy milks) was evaluated at different amounts (added at 0.25%-0.5% increments from 0% to 1.5%). Because of the strong scent of clove oil, the value of the evaluation for sensory profile determined in this study tended to be low. However, compared with the control group, good values in the evaluation for the sensory profile were found in all samples containing 0.25% of clove oil. We evaluated clove oil contained in milk analogs to help increase their sales through products with improved functionality.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.301-303
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• 1993

Hematological value were determined from 140 Fasciola gigantica infested and 138 non-infested apparently healthy (control) zebu cattle from eight different sites of Bangladesh. The F. gigantica infested cattle have experienced of normocytic normochromic anemia indicated by the significant (p<0.01) decline of total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin level, packed cell volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and significant (p<0.01) increase of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, as compared with non-infested control animals. Values of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin content were not differed significantly between the infested and control animals. There observed significantly (p<0.01) higher eosinophil and neutrophil counts and significantly (p<0.01) lower lymphocyte counts in fasciola infested cattle in comparison with the control animals.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.1885-1895
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• 2020

Vitamins and minerals categorized as micronutrients are the essential components of animal feed for maintaining health and improving immunity. Micronutrients are important bioactive molecules and cofactors of enzymes as well. Besides being cofactors for enzymes, some vitamins such as the fat-soluble vitamins, vitamin A and D have been shown to exhibit hormone-like functions. Although they are required in small amount, they play an influential role in the proper functioning of a number of enzymes which are involved in many metabolic, biochemical and physiological processes that contribute to growth, production and health. Micronutrients can potentially have a positive impact on bone health, preventing bone loss and fractures, decreasing bone resorption and increasing bone formation. Thus, micronutrients must be provided to livestock in optimal concentrations and according to requirements that change during the rapid growth and development of the animal and the production cycle. The supply of nutrients to the animal body not only depends on the amount of the nutrient in a food, but also on its bioavailability. The bioavailability of these micronutrients is affected by several factors. Therefore, several technologies such as nanoparticle, encapsulation, and chelation have been developed to improve the bioavailability of micronutrients associated with bone health. The intention of this review is to provide an updated overview of the importance of micronutrients on bone health and methods applied to improve their bioavailability.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2012

The occupations involved in food animal production have long been recognized to carry significant health risks for workers, with special attention to injuries. However, risk of pathogen exposure in these occupations has been less extensively considered. Pathogens are a food safety issue and are known to be present throughout the food animal production chain. Workers employed at farms and slaughterhouses are at risk of pathogen exposure and bacterial infections. The industrialization of animal farming and the use of antimicrobials in animal feed to promote growth have increased the development of antimicrobial resistance. The changed nature of these pathogens exposes workers in this industry to new strains, thus modifying the risks and health consequences for these workers. These risks are not yet recognized by any work-related health and safety agency in the world.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.353-365
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• 2024

Rumen cannulation is a surgical technique used to collect rumen contents from ruminants. However, rumen cannulation surgery may potentially impact the composition of the rumen microbiota. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal alterations in the rumen microbiota composition of Hanwoo steers after cannulation surgery. In this study, eight Hanwoo steers were used; four steers underwent rumen cannulation surgery (cannulation group), while the remaining four were left intact (control group). Rumen samples were collected from all eight steers using the stomach tubing method on the day before surgery (day 0) and on postoperative days 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, and 28, resulting in 80 samples (10 timepoints × 8 animals). The microbiota of all 80 samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing with Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology version 2 (QIIME2). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in all major phyla and most major genera representing at least 0.5% of total sequences across all 80 samples between the control and cannulation groups on the preoperative and postoperative days. However, while the alpha diversity indices did not differ (p > 0.05) between the two groups on the preoperative day, they significantly differed (p < 0.05) between the two groups on the postoperative days. Further, the overall microbial distribution based on both unweighted and weighted principal coordinate analysis plots significantly differed (p < 0.05) between the two groups on both the preoperative and postoperative days. Orthogonal polynomial contrasts indicated that major genera and microbial diversity in the cannulation group decreased following surgery but returned to their initial states by postoperative day 28. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that rumen cannulation surgery affects some major taxa and microbial diversity, suggesting that the rumen cannulation method can alter the composition of rumen microbiota in Hanwoo steers.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.34.1-34.9
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• 2023

Dogs exhibit patterns of health issues that vary by life stage. An understanding of disease incidence with respect to breed and age/life stage could be an important component of canine health management and welfare. This study aimed to describe the age-specific disease incidence of 3 small dog breeds that attended veterinary clinics in the Republic of Korea, based on data from electronic veterinary medical records (EVMRs). A total of 40,785 EVMRs from Maltese (n = 21,355), Miniature Poodle (n = 11,658) and Shih Tzu dogs (n = 7,772) were analyzed. Common health problems in 3 small dog breeds were 'diseases of the skin' and 'diseases of the ear,' respectively. Among dogs aged ≤ 3 years, 'preventive medicine' was the most common cause cited for veterinary clinic visits. Among dogs aged 4 to 8 years, the most frequent health problems were 'diseases of the skin.' Among dogs aged 9 to 13 years, 'heart diseases,' 'kidney diseases,' 'mammary gland tumor,' and 'neoplasia (unspecified)' were considerably more frequent, compared to the rates in dogs ≤3 years. Among dogs aged ≥ 14 years, 'heart diseases' and 'sneezing/cough' were the main health problems. In all breeds, the frequencies of 'diseases of circulatory system,' 'diseases of respiratory system,' 'diseases of the nervous system,' 'endocrine' and 'neoplasia' increased rapidly with aging. This surveillance could inform strategies for disease screening tests and management based on life stage in these dog breeds and enable more effective health management.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.81-85
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• 2018

Blood group determination in dogs is an important factor in transfusion medicine to minimize immediate or delayed adverse reactions after red blood cells transfusion in small animal clinics. Dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1 is the most important blood type due to its high degree of antigenicity causing acute transfusion adverse reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of DEA 1 in various dog breeds in Korea. As a result of testing 592 blood samples from more than 35 dog breeds, DEA 1 blood typing for each breed showed that 57.8% of Malteses, 63.3% of Poodles, 76.2% of Mastiff-like dogs, 72.5% of Pomeranians, 47.7% of Shih Tzus, 70.3% of mixed breeds, 60.0% of Yorkshire Terriers, and 71.4% of Beagles were DEA 1-positive. Miniature Schnauzers and Jindo breeds had a significantly high prevalence (100%) of DEA 1-positive dogs compared to that in other small breed dogs. This is the first report of immunochromatography-detected DEA 1 prevalence in various domestic dog breeds. Although additional studies need clarifying the potential blood transfusion risks in domestic breed dogs with DEA 1, the results of this study may be useful when selecting a blood donor.