• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.233-239
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• 2007

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of Dochetang for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in a 4 months-old-female Korean native calf. The calf was presented to the Wow Animal Clinic, Iksan with the history of chronic diarrhea for several weeks. The feces test did not reveal the presence of the parasites or microbes causing diarrhea in calf. The blood test was also negative to the virus that causes of diarrhea in calf. Adminstration of parenteral antibiotics resulted in improvement of the condition temporarily but diarrhea was recurred again after 2-3 weeks. Then the calf was treated with Dochetang administered orally once a day in an empty stomach for 15 days. Feces was significantly reduced in moisture on 7 days after initial treatment. On 9 days after initial treatment, the calf had normal appetite and defecation in physiological conditions. Blood samples were collected before administration and on 1, 2 and 3 weeks after initial administration of Dochetang for hematology and biochemistry. A significantly differences were observed in the white blood cell (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), albumin (ALB), glutamic pyrubic transaminase (GPT), inorganic phosphorus (IP) and magnesium (Mg), while no significant differences were seen in the red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), platelet (PLT), glucose (Glu), total protein (T-pro), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatine (CRE). This study suggests that Dochetang administration can be a successful alternative therapeutic agent in instead of antibiotics for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in calves.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.237-246
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• 2020

Objectives: Capsaicin-containing (CP) pharmacopuncture was developed to treat neuropathic pain. This study was conducted to assess the toxicity of CP extract for pharmacopuncture, using a micronucleus test. Methods: First, a dose range finding study was conducted. Then an in vivo micronucleus test was performed to determine the induction of micronuclei in mouse bone marrow cells after intramuscular administration of CP twice with a 24-hour interval to 8-week-old ICR mice. A high dose of 0.2 mL/animal was selected, and this was sequentially diluted by applying a geometric ratio of 2 to produce two lower dose levels (0.1 and 0.05 mL/animal). In addition, negative and positive control groups were set up, and an HPLC analysis was conducted to confirm the capsaicin content of CP. Results: The incidence of micro-nucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in polychromatic erythrocytes in the CP-treated group was similar to that in the negative-control group, while that in the positive-control group was significantly greater. In addition, the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes in the CP treatment group and the positive control group was not significantly different from the negative control group. In the HPLC analysis, capsaicin in the CP was identified through a comparison with the retention time of the capsaicin standard of 27 min. Conclusion: CP did not show any indication of any potential to induce micronuclei formation in bone marrow cells of ICR mice under the conditions of this study. Further toxicity studies are necessary to ensure the safety of the use of CP in clinical practice.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.52.1-52.7
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• 2022

This paper reports a presumptive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in a cat. A cat with respiratory disease living with three individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 showed bilateral ground-glass opacities in the lung on X-ray and computed tomography. The clinical swabs were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, but the serum was positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Interstitial pneumonia and prominent type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia were noted on histopathology. Respiratory tissues were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen, but the cat was positive for feline parvovirus DNA. In conclusion, the respiratory disease and associated pathology in this cat could have been due to exposure to SARS-CoV-2.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.305-313
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• 2008

The present study was conducted to investigate the epidemiological characteristics such as isolation rate and antimicrobial drug susceptibility of etiological agents. The specimens (stool or intestine) were collected from 319 calves with clinical diarrhea from 195 farms in Gyeongnam south area (Gosung, Tongyung, Hadong) from June 2005 to August 2006. The isolation rate of Salmonella spp was higher in summer (8.4%) than in winter (4.8%) and the average was 7.2% (23/319 head). Some of Salmonella spp isolated were resistant to penicillin, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and cephalexin (>90%), but some of them were susceptible to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and amikacin(>30%). There was no statistical difference in the isolation rate of Eimeria spp between summer(48.9%) and winter(42.3%). For the evaluation of infection level of Eimeria spp oocyst per gram of feces (OPG) was examined, and severe, moderate and light infection level were 11.9%, 12.5% and 22.3%, respectively. In the isolation rates of Eimeria spp the calves under 19 days was lowerthan those over 60 days, but there was not different among herd size.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1312-1317
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• 2008

The objective of the present trial was to determine the effect of a thermostable probiotic containing Bacillus licheniformis and B. subtilis on health and production parameters of fattening rabbits from weaning until slaughter. In a rabbitry with average post-weaning mortality of 5-9%, 1,680 rabbits were supplied with: a) a basic feed, or b) the same basic feed supplemented with probiotic from the 4th day postweaning (41st day of age) up to 88th day of age. Clinical signs, microbiological status and growth performance were recorded for two distinct fattening periods, growing and finishing. A significant decrease in mortality of probiotic-treated rabbits when compared to the controls was observed during the growing and entire fattening periods. Within these periods, E. coli and C. perfringens - but not P. multocida - were isolated at a lower frequency from probiotic-treated rabbits (p<0.05). Compared to the control animals, probiotic-treated rabbits were 54 g and 123 g heavier at the end of the growing and finishing phases, respectively, and had significantly higher average daily gain and better feed conversion ratio (p<0.05).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.167-172
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• 2020

Background: This study aimed to assess the toxicity of capsaicin (CP) pharmacopunture in an animal model. Methods: The toxicity of a single-muscular dose of CP (45.45 mg/mL) was evaluated in 6-week-old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. A total of 20 rats were assigned to 2 groups which were sex and weight matched. All rats acclimatized for 1 week before receiving 1.0 mL of CP (45.45 mg/mL) or normal saline solution (control) intramuscularly. The general condition and mortality of the animals were observed. The rats were sacrificed 2 weeks after CP was administered and histopathology was performed. Results: No abnormal symptoms or deaths were observed, and there was no difference in body weights between the CP and control groups throughout the study. No significant differences in histopathology were observed between the groups. Conclusion: No toxicological changes related to the administration of CP were observed. This study indicated that the safe dose of CP in Sprague-Dawley rats was 1.0 mL of CP (45.45 mg/mL) or less. Further studies are needed to confirm the safety of CP in the human body.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.269-271
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• 2016

A female domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) presented to a veterinary clinic with a clinical history of anorexia and poor body condition. Due to gradual deterioration of the body condition, explorative laparotomy was performed. Diffusely, the mesentery was severely thickened and adhered with prominent mesenteric lymph nodes. A portion of the mesentery and mesenteric lymph nodes were biopsied and fixed. Microscopic analysis revealed severe pyogranulomatous peritonitis and lymphadenitis, but staining revealed no bacterial organisms. However, immunohistochemistry for feline coronavirus exhibited strong immunoreactivity, primarily in the macrophages. Based on these results, the case was diagnosed as ferret coronavirus infection.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.65-75
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• 2021

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has recently associated to the increase in antiresorptive and anti-angiogenic drugs prescriptions in the treatment of oncologic and osteoporotic patients. The physiopathogenesis of MRONJ remains unclear and available treatments are unsatisfactory. Newer pharmacological treatments have shown good results, but are not curative and could have major side effects. At the same time as pharmacological treatments, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic modality for tissue regeneration and repair. MSCs are multipotential non-hematopoietic progenitor cells capable to differentiating into multiple lineages of the mesenchyme. Bone marrow MSCs can differentiate into osteogenic cells and display immunological properties and secrete paracrine anti-inflammatory factors in damaged tissues. The immunomodulatory, reparative, and anti-inflammatory properties of bone marrow MSCs have been tested in a variety of animal models of MRONJ and applied in specific clinical settings. The aim of this review is to discuss critically the immunogenicity and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, both in vitro and in vivo, the possible underlying mechanisms of their effects, and their potential clinical use as modulators of immune responses in MRONJ, and to identify clinical safety and recommendations for future research.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 2023

Between February 2020 and September 2021, 378 calves with diarrhea were investigated across 96 cattle breeding farms in Korea, using a rapid diagnostic kit. The study examined the infection rates of major pathogens causing diarrhea in calves, which were categorized by season, age, birth month, and region. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the infection rate. The study found that the five representative pathogens causing calf diarrhea exhibited differences in infection rates based on season, region, age, and birth month. Bovine rotavirus, bovine coronavirus, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia commonly exhibited varying risks of infection based on season and age. Furthermore, in addition to these risk factors, bovine rotavirus and Cryptosporidium were found to impact the infection risk of each pathogen by region, while Giardia was found to be affected by birth month.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 2023

Between February 2020 and September 2021, a total of 452 dairy calves with diarrhea were investigated across 17 dairy farms in Gyeonggi province, Korea, using a rapid diagnostic kit. The study aimed to examine the infection rates of major pathogens causing diarrhea in dairy calves, categorizing them by season, age, and birth month. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the infection rate. The infection rates of the major pathogens causing infectious diarrhea in dairy calves, including bovine rotavirus, bovine coronavirus, Cryptosporidium, and E. coli, are influenced by season, age, and birth month. Bovine coronavirus and Cryptosporidium showed variations in infection rates according to season, age, and birth month, while bovine coronavirus was influenced by age and birth month, and E. coli showed variations in infection rates based on age. Furthermore, in the analysis of risk factors influencing the infection rates of these pathogens, age and birth month were identified as risk factors for bovine rotavirus, bovine coronavirus, and Cryptosporidium.