• Title/Summary/Keyword: animacy

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The Acquisition of Spanish Clitic Pronouns as a Third Language: A Corpus-based Study

  • Lu, Hui-Chuan;Cheng, An Chung;Chu, Yu-Hsin
    • Asia Pacific Journal of Corpus Research
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.15-26
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    • 2020
  • This corpus-based study investigated third language acquisition by Taiwanese college students in learning Spanish clitic pronouns at beginning and intermediate levels. It examined the acquisition sequences of Spanish clitic pronouns of the Chinese-speaking learners whose second language was English and third language was Spanish. The results indicated that indirect object pronouns (OP) preceded direct OP (case), first person preceded third person OP (person), masculine preceded feminine OP (gender), and animate preceded inanimate OP (animacy). The findings presented similar patterns as those of previous studies on English-speaking learners of Spanish. In further comparisons of the target forms in Chinese, English, and Spanish, the results suggested that L1 Chinese had strong influence on L3 Spanish, which accounts for the challenges that Taiwanese learners of Spanish face as they learn the Spanish clitic pronouns in the beginning stage.

Working memory and sensitivity to prosody in spoken language processing (언어 처리에서 운율 제약 활용과 작업 기억의 관계)

  • Lee, Eun-Kyung
    • Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.249-267
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    • 2012
  • Individual differences in working memory predict qualitative differences in language processing. High span comprehenders are better able to integrate probabilistic information such as plausibility and animacy, the use of which requires the computation of real world knowledge in syntactic parsing (e.g.,[1]). However, it is unclear whether similar individual differences exist in the use of informative prosodic cues. This study examines whether working memory modulates the use of prosodic boundary information in attachment ambiguity resolution. Prosodic boundaries were manipulated in globally ambiguous relative clause sentences. The results show that high span listeners are more likely to be sensitive to the distinction between different types of prosodic boundaries than low span listeners. The findings suggest that like high-level constraints, the use of low-level prosodic information is resource demanding.

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Effects of LED on Emotion-Like Feedback of a Single-Eyed Spherical Robot

  • Onchi, Eiji;Cornet, Natanya;Lee, SeungHee
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.115-124
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    • 2021
  • Non-verbal communication is important in human interaction. It provides a layer of information that complements the message being transmitted. This type of information is not limited to human speakers. In human-robot communication, increasing the animacy of the robotic agent-by using non-verbal cues-can aid the expression of abstract concepts such as emotions. Considering the physical limitations of artificial agents, robots can use light and movement to express equivalent emotional feedback. This study analyzes the effects of LED and motion animation of a spherical robot on the emotion being expressed by the robot. A within-subjects experiment was conducted at the University of Tsukuba where participants were asked to rate 28 video samples of a robot interacting with a person. The robot displayed different motions with and without light animations. The results indicated that adding LED animations changes the emotional impression of the robot for valence, arousal, and dominance dimensions. Furthermore, people associated various situations according to the robot's behavior. These stimuli can be used to modulate the intensity of the emotion being expressed and enhance the interaction experience. This paper facilitates the possibility of designing more affective robots in the future, using simple feedback.

Differences in Preschool Children's Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence according to their Experiences with AI Robots in daycare centers (어린이집내 인공지능 로봇 사용경험 여부에 따른 유아의 인공지능 인식 차이)

  • Boram, Lee;Soojung, Kim
    • Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.43-59
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    • 2023
  • Objective: This study investigated the differences in preschool children's perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) and their distribution by latent profiles according to their experience with AI robots in daycare centers. Methods: The participants included 119 five-year-old children, 52 of whom had experience with AI robots in daycare centers and 67 of whom did not. Children's perceptions of AI were measured using the Godspeed scale from Bartneck et al.(2009). Data were analyzed using a t-test, latent profile analysis, and chi-square test. Results: The results showed that compared to the inexperienced group, the experienced group reported lower levels of animacy and perceived intelligence of AI robots, indicating higher levels of AI knowledge and understanding. In addition, the experienced group had a higher probability of belonging to the 'machine recognition' type than 'organism recognition' type, although the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion/Implications: The findings suggest that experience with AI robots in daycare centers can improve children's AI knowledge and understanding. To further enhance this effect, it is necessary to increase the number of robots put into classrooms, and to consider various teaching media that reflect children's preferences.