• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.109-120
• /
• 1996

Cardiac function is evaluated quantitatively using angiographic images via the analysis of the shape change or the heart wall boundaries. To kin with, boundary defection or ESLV(End Systolic Lert Ventricular) and EDLV(End Diastolic Left Ventricular) is essential for the quantitative analysis of cardiac function. The boundary detection methods proposed in the past were almost semi-automatic. Intervention by a knowledgeable human operator was still required Of con, manual tracing of the boundaries is currently used for subsequent analysis and diagnosis. This method would not cut excessive time, labor, and subjectivity associated with manual intervention by a human operator. EDLV images have noncontiguous and ambiguous edge signal on some boundary regions. In this paper, we propose a new method for automated detection of boundaries in noncontiguous and ambiguous EDLV images. The boundary detection scheme which based on a priori knowledge information is divided into two steps. The first step is to detect the candidate edge points of EDLV using ESLV boundaries. The second step is to correct detected boundaries of EDLV using the LV shape. We developed the algorithm of modifying EDLV boundaries defined adaptive modifier. We experimented the method proposed in this paper and compared our proposed method with the manual method in detecting boundaries of EDLV. In the areas within estimated boundaries of EDLV, the percentage of error was about 1.4%. We verified the useflilness and obtained the satisfying results througll the experiments of the proposed method.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.93-99
• /
• 2013

Objective : Neurologic complications during carotid artery stenting (CAS) are usually associated with distal embolic event. These embolic incident during CAS are highly associated with the carotid plaque instability. The current study was undertaken to identify the angiographic characteristics of carotid plaque vulnerability, which was represented as filling defect in the cerebral protection filters during CAS. Methods : A total of 107 patients underwent CAS with use of a distal protection filter. Angiographic carotid plaque surface morphology was classified as smooth, irregular, and ulcerated. To determine predictable factors of filling defect in the protection filters, 11 variables were retrospectively analyzed which might influence filling defect in the protection filters during CAS. Results : Filling defects during CAS were presented in the 33 cerebral protection filters. In multivariate analysis, angiographic ulceration [odds ratio (OR), 6.60; 95% confidence interval (CI) : 2.24, 19.4; p=0.001], higher stenosis degree (OR, 1.06; 95% CI : 1.00, 1.12; p=0.039), and coexistent thrombus (OR, 7.58; 95% CI : 1.69, 34.05; p=0.08) were highly associated with filling defect in the cerebral protection devices during CAS. Among several variables, angiographic surface ulceration was the only significant factor associated with flow stagnation during CAS (OR, 4.11; 95% CI : 1.33, 12.72; p=0.014). Conclusion : Plaque surface morphology on carotid angiography can be a highly sensitive marker of plaque instability during CAS. The independent risk factors for filling defect in the filter devices during CAS were plaque ulceration, stenosis degree, and coexistent thrombus.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.488-493
• /
• 2008

This study compared the effect of injectable combinations of anesthetics on each of the fluorescein angiographic phases in order to determine the most useful anesthetic combination for the procedure. Acepromazineketamine (AK), xylazine-ketamine (XK), diazepam-ketamine (DK) and zolazepam-tiletamine (ZT) group were administered randomly to 8 dogs with a two-week interval between different combination doses. The vital signs including the heart rate and arterial pressure were measured before anesthesia and every five minutes during anesthesia. Serial angiographic images were obtained after injecting a sodium fluorescein dye (25 mg/kg) and the onset time of arterial phase (AP), arteriovenous phase (AVP), early venous phase (EVP) and late venous phases (LVP) were recorded. The onset time of the AP, AVP and EVP were significantly slower in the AK and XK groups than in the DK and ZT groups. The total duration of the AP and AVP in the AK group was significantly longer than those in the ZT group. The heart rates were significantly higher in the DK and ZT groups. The arterial pressure was significantly higher in the AK and XK groups (p<0.05). There were significant differences in each angiographic onset time and duration depending on the changes in the heart rates and arterial pressure. The AK and XK groups showed a long angiographic duration allowing an accurate evaluation. Overall, it is believed that AK and XK are more useful for performing fluorescein retinal angiography than DK and ZT.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.79 no.6
• /
• pp.315-322
• /
• 2018

Purpose: To analyze the clinical and angiographic features with outcome of transcatheter arterial embolization in patients with secondary postpartum hemorrhage. Materials and Methods: Clinical details and angiographic features with assessment of arterial embolization were reviewed in total 38 patients underwent arterial embolization at single tertiary referral center. Results: Twenty patients (53%) had Cesarean section. The major causes of bleeding were iatrogenic vascular injury, and retained placenta (55%). The patterns of vaginal bleeding were recorded as intermittent (50%), or as persistent (50%). Seven patients (18%) were hemodynamically unstable at presentation. Positive angiographic findings appeared in eighteen patients (47.3%). The frequency of pseudoaneurysm was statistically high in the Cesarean section (p < 0.001). The used embolic agents except gelfoam were N-butyl cyanoacrylate (n = 7), and microcoil (n = 7). Unilateral selective embolization (26.3%) was shown effective in superselective embolization of bleeding focus. Technical and clinical success rate were 100% and 97.4%, respectively with no complication. Sixteen resumed regular menstruation, and one pregnancy were observed in patients with available follow-up of over 6 months. Conclusion: Considerable rate of hemodynamically unstable patients was observed with high rate of positive angiography findings. Given high successful rate and few complications, early angiographic assessment with embolization should be considered.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.177-180
• /
• 2010

Giant serpentine aneurysms are rare and have distinct angiographic findings. The rarity, large size, complex anatomy and hemodynamic characteristics of giant serpentine aneurysms make treatment difficult. We report a case of a giant serpentine aneurysm of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) that presented as headache. Treatment involved a superficial temporal artery (STA)-MCA bypass followed by aneurysm resection. The patient was discharged without neurological deficits, and early and late follow-up angiography disclosed successful removal of the aneurysm and a patent bypass graft. We conclude that STA-MCA bypass and aneurysm excision is a successful treatment method for a giant serpentine aneurysm.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.196-199
• /
• 2007

Dissecting aneurysms frequently involve the vertebral arteries and their branches, but those involving the posterior inferior cerebellar artery [PICA] and not vertebral artery at all are extremely rare. We present a case of an isolated dissecting aneurysm of the PICA without involvement of vertebral artery. A 54-year-old man presented with dizziness and headache. MR imaging of the brain showed a cerebellar infarction of the left PICA territory. MR angiographic and cerebral angiographic studies revealed a dissecting fusiform aneurysm involving the left proximal PICA. Subsequently, the patient underwent GDC embolization. A postembolization angiogram demonstrated complete obliteration of the aneurysm. In this report, the treatment modalities for this rare condition is described with review of the literature.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.159-162
• /
• 2010

Although the tail vessels are frequently used for serial blood sampling in rat, the definition of its vasculature remains in dispute. Herein, we investigated the number of blood vessels in Sprague-Dawley rat tail using angiographic and histological methods. Our results showed rat tail has one dorsal vein, two lateral veins, one ventral artery and one ventral vein. In the conclusion, when deciding which site is best for collecting blood, it is critical to consider the structure and features of the blood vessels to be used. This study will also be helpful for investigators to understand the structure of blood vessels in rat tail.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.58 no.3
• /
• pp.192-196
• /
• 2015

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate good prognostic factors for an acute occlusion of a major cerebral artery using mechanical thrombectomy. Methods : Between January 2013 to December 2014, 37 consecutive patients with acute occlusion of a major cerebral artery treated by mechanical thrombectomy with stent retrievers were conducted. We analyzed clinical and angiographic factors retrospectively. The collateral flow and the result of recanalization were sorted by grading systems. Outcome was assessed by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days. We compared the various parameters between good and poor angiographic and clinical results. Results : Twenty seven patients demonstrated good recanalization [Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) 2b or 3] after thrombectomy. At the 90-day follow up, 19 patients had good (mRS, 0-2), 14 had moderate (3-4) and four had poor outcomes (5-6). The mRS of older patients (${\geq}75years$) were poor than younger patients. Early recanalization, high Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction risk score, and low baseline NIHSS were closely related to 90-day mRS, whereas high TICI was related to both mRS and the decrease in the NIHSS. Conclusion : NIHSS decreased markedly only when recanalization was successful. A good mRS was related to low initial NIHSS, good collateral, and early successful recanalization.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.190-195
• /
• 2008

Objective : There have been numerous follow-up studies of patients who had ruptured or unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated by wrapping technique using various materials have been reported. Our objective was to ascertain whether our particular wrapping technique using the temporalis muscle provides protection from rebleeding and any aneurysm configuration changes in follow-up studies. Methods : Clinical presentation, the location and shape of the aneurysm, outcomes at discharge and last follow-up, and any aneurysm configuration changes on last angiographic study were analyzed retrospectively in 21 patients. Reinforcement was acquired by clipping the wrapped temporalis muscle. Wrapping and clipping after incomplete clipping was also done. Follow-up loss and non-angiographic follow-up patient groups were excluded in this study. Results : The mean age was 53 years (range 29-67), and 15 patients were female. Among 21 patients, 10 patients had ruptured aneurysms (48%). Aneurysms in 21 patients were located in the anterior circulation. Aneurysm shapes were broad neck form (14 cases), fusiform (1 case), and bleb to adjacent vessel (6 cases). Five patients were treated by clipping the wrapped temporalis, and 16 patients by wrapping after partial clipping. The mean Glasgow coma scale (GCS) at admission was 14.2. The mean Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at discharge was 4.8, and 18 patients were grade 5. The mean period between initial angiography and last angiography was 18.5 months (range 8-44). Aneurysm size was not increased in any of these patients and configuration also did not change. There was no evidence of rebleeding in any of these treated aneurysms. Conclusion : Our study results show that wrapping technique, using the temporalis muscle and aneurysm clip(s), for intracranial aneurysm treatment provides protection from rebleeding or regrowth.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.280-285
• /
• 2013

Purpose: Nowadays, non-operative management increases in patients with blunt splenic injury due to development of diagnostic and interventional technique. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the management in patients with blunt splenic injury and effect of clinical state such as shock on the choice of management. Methods: From April 2007 to July 2013, we retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of fifty patients who had splenic injury after blunt trauma. The demographic characteristics, American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade of splenic injury, management method (emergency operation, angiographic embolization or observation) and clinical outcome were analyzed. Results: The mean age was $41.5{\pm}21.4$ years and male was 44(88%). Twenty patients(40%) were in shock condition initially and five patients(10%) underwent emergency operation due to hemodynamic instability. Emergency angiographic embolization was performed in 20 patients(40%) and 25 patients were managed conservatively. When patients were divided into shock group (SG) and non-shock group (NSG), Patients in SG had significantly higher serum lactate level and base deficit than NSG (lactate; $4.5{\pm}3.4$ mmol/L, base deficit; $5.8{\pm}4.4$ mmol/L vs $1.9{\pm}1.4$ mmol/L, $2.8{\pm}2.5$ mmol/L, p=0.007, p=0.013). There was no significant difference of AAST grade and contrast blush rate in abdomen CT between two groups. Among 45 patients with non-operative management, four patients(8.9%) got delayed angiographic embolization and 3 patient died from companied organ injury. Conclusion: Non-operative management can be acceptable management option in patients with splenic blunt trauma under intensive hemodynamic monitoring.