• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.847-853
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• 2002

We previously published the data that proved the safety of retrograde cerebral perfusion for 120 minutes. At this time, we planned to check the neuron-specific enolase and S100-$\beta$ in serum and urine to assess the possibility of early detection of cerebral injury. Material and Method: We used pigs(Landrace species) weighing 35 kg and performed RCP for 120 minutes. After the weaning of cardiopulmonary bypass, we observed the pigs for another 120 minutes. Systemic arterial pressure, central venous pressure, and serum and urine levels of neuron-specific enolose (NSE) and S100$\beta$ protein were checked. Central venous pressure during RCP was maintained in the range of 20 to 25 mmHg. Result: Serum levels of NSE(ng/$m\ell$) were 0.67$\pm$0.18(induction of anesthesia), 0.53$\pm$0.47(soon after CPB), 0.44$\pm$0.27(20min alter CPB), 0.24$\pm$0.09(RCP 20min), 0.37$\pm$0.35(RCP 40min), 0.33$\pm$0.21 (RCP 60min), 0.37$\pm$0.22(RCP 80min), 0.41$\pm$0.23(RCP 100 min), 0.48$\pm$0.26(RCP 120min), 0.42$\pm$0.29(30min after rewarming), 0.35 $\pm$0.32(60min after rewarming, 0.42$\pm$0.37(CPBoff 30min), 0.47$\pm$0.34(CPBOff 60min), 0.47$\pm$0.28(CPBOff 90min), and 0.57$\pm$0.29(CPBOff 120min). There was no statistically significant difference in levels between before and after RCP(ANOVA, p＞0.05). Urine levels of NSE also showed no statistically significant difference in levels between before and after RCP. There was no correlation between urine and serum levels of NSE(Pearson correlation, p＞0.05). Serum levels of S100$\beta$ protein(ng/$m\ell$) during the same time frames were 0.14$\pm$0.08, 0.15$\pm$0.07, 0.22$\pm$0.15, 0.23$\pm$0.07, 0.28$\pm$0.10, 0.40$\pm$0.05, 0.47$\pm$0.03, 0.49$\pm$0.12, 0.43$\pm$0.11, 0.46$\pm$0.15, 0.62$\pm$0.17, 0.77$\pm$0.21, 0.78$\pm$0.23, 0.77$\pm$0.23, and 0.82$\pm$0.33. There was statistically significant difference in levels between before and after RCP(ANOVA, p＜0.05). Urine levels of NSE also showed statistically significant difference in levels between before and after RCP(ANOVA, p＜0.05). There was significant correlation between urine and serum levels of NSE(Pearson correlation, p＜0.05). Conclusion: The author observed the increase in serum and urine levels of S100$\beta$ after 120 minutes of RCP. Significant correlation between serum and urine levels was observed. The results were considered to be the fundamental data that could correlate this study with human-based study.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.505-510
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• 2004

이물질 침입에 대한 인식의 결과 NO, PGE$_2$, TNF-, IL-6와 같은 여러 신호전달물질의 분비가 개시되며 이들을 억제하는 물질을 항염증제라고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 회향(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) 열매 추출물이 mouse macrophages RAW264.7 세포에서 lipopolysaccharide(LPS)로 유도한 NO(iNOS 산물), PGE$_2$(COX-2 산물) 및 cytokines (TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6) 생성 억제에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 회향 열매의 methanol 추출물 및 분획물(chloroform, butanol, and aqueous fractions)은 4～100$\mu$g/mL 농도에서 LPS가 활성화된 대식 세포에서 NO 생성을 억제하였으며 독성을 나타내지 않았다. LPS가 유도한 PGE$_2$ 생성은 butanol 분획(100 $\mu$g/mL)에 의해서만 유의적으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 회향 열매 추출물 및 분획물은 TNF-$\alpha$의 생성을 유의적으로 감소시켰으며 IL-6의 생성은 methanol extract(4～100 $\mu$g/mL), chloroform fraction(4 $\mu$g/mL), butanol fraction(4 and 100$\mu$g/mL) 및 aqueous fraction(4～100 $\mu$g/mL)에 의해 감소되었다(P<0.05). 이는 회향 열매 추출물은 염증 상태에서 유용할 것이며 COX-2와 iNOS를 억제하는 butanol 분획은 새로운 항염증제 개발에 사용될 수 있음을 시사하여 주었다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.187-191
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• 2000

Sulmonella gyhi is one of important causes of human enteric infections. S @phi I

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2015

Objective : Optimal treatment decision and estimation of the prognosis in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is currently based on demographic and clinical predictors. But sometimes, there are limitations in these factors. In this study, we analyzed three central nervous system biomarkers in TBI patients, will discuss the roles and clinical applications of biomarkers in TBI. Methods : From July on 2013 to August on 2014, a total of 45 patients were included. The serum was obtained at the time of hospital admission, and biomarkers were extracted with centrifugal process. It was analyzed for the level of S-100 beta (S100B), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1). Results : This study included 33 males and 12 females with a mean age of 58.5 (19-84) years. TBI patients were classified into two groups. Group A was severe TBI with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score 3-5 and Group B was mild TBI with GCS score 13-15. The median serum concentration of S100B, GFAP, and UCH-L1 in severe TBI were raised 5.1 fold, 5.5 fold, and 439.1 fold compared to mild injury, respectively. The serum levels of these markers correlated significantly with the injury severity and clinical outcome (p<0.001). Increased level of markers was strongly predicted poor outcomes. Conclusion : S100B, GFAP, and UCH-L1 serum level of were significantly increased in TBI according to severity and associated clinical outcomes. Biomarkers have potential utility as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic adjuncts in the setting of TBI.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1021-1030
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• 1997

Physical variables related to the subjective evaluation of wear comfort were explored. Experimental fabrics was those used in the previous paper where subjective sensations of women's thin shirts were reported. Fabrics include 100% cotton (unfinished), 100% cotton (water repellent finished), cotton/polyester 35/65 (unfinished), cotton/polyester 35/65 (peach skin finished), 100% polyester fabric(plain), 100% polyester crepe. Among various physical properties of the experimental fabrics, heat 8E moisture transport properties and surface properties were chosen as important variables based on the regression coefficient. Especially, humidity at the microclimate in dynamic mode was highly correlated to the subjective evaluation and appeared to be a sensitive physical predictor, compared to dry thermal transmission rate or water vapor transmission rate. Surface characteristic parameters, however, did not show consistant trend in the prediction of the human's subjective sensation. Interaction between surface properties and humidity measurement was also observed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassland Science Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.100.2-100
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• 2000

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.23 no.4 s.191
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• pp.327-336
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• 1985

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.238-243
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• 2006

The populations of V. parahaemolyticus were enumerated in oysters collected in wholesale seafood markets in Seoul and tested in various possible condition. The populations of oysters soled in the markets were ranged $<2\sim1.4\times10^6$ MPN/100 g from April to November in 2005. In the case of oysters added with V. parahaemolyticus of $4\times10^3$ CFU/100 g, the highest population numbers were $1.4\times10^7$ CFU/100 g, $5.4\times10^5$ CFU/100 g and $2.7\times10^4$ CFU/100 g at $36^{\circ}C$ after culturing for 15 hours, at $25^{\circ}C$ after 15 hours and at $4^{\circ}C$ after 15 hours, respectively. But the difference of the populations of V. parahaemolticus in oysters stored in the icebox with ice for bulked sale and displayed in stalls on ice for the small packaged sale was not significant. In the case of oysters carried with ambient temperature at $30.8^{\circ}C$, the V. parahaemolyticus density was dramatically increased from $2.7\times10^5$ to $1.4\times10^8$ MPN/100 g. It was indicated it is important to carry the oysters to home with ice after purchase. Even after the washing two times with 21 tap water, the common cooking method in Korea was not greately make the decrease of V. parahaemolyticus density from $1.4\times10^8$ MPN/100 g to $9.0\times10^5$ MPN/100 g. So it is noticed to stored in low temperature after cooking, especially in hot seasons.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.192-194
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• 2022

국제수로기구는 전자해도 표준을 개정하기 위해 S-100 기반 범용수로데이터 모델을 개발하였고, 국제항로표지협회는 항로표지, PNT, VTS, AIS 도메인의 정보교환을 위해 S-200 시리즈 정보교환 표준개발을 결정하였다. 항로표지 정보는 전자해도, 등대표, 항행통보를 구성하는 중요 정보로서, 항로표지의 현황과 상태 정보는 항해사의 해사안전정보 준비에 있어서 필수라고 할 수 있다. 국제항로표지협회와 국제수로기구는 각 도메인의 해양정보 교환표준 개발 현황을 공유하고 특히 항로표지 정보교환 표준개발 협력을 위해 공동 워크숍을 개최였다. 공동 워크숍에서는 S-201, S-125, S-124 등의 표준개발 사항을 논의하고, 항로표지 정보 제작 및 서비스에 대한 공감대를 형성하였다. 본 연구에서는 항로표지 관련 정보표준 개발 현황을 기술하고, IALA/IHO 공동 워크숍 주요 결과를 정리 하였다. 또한 공동 워크숍 후속 조치의 일환으로 항로표지 정보 제작 및 서비스에 관한 실해역 데모 방안을 소개 한다.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.110-122
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• 2010

UCC, 트위터 등 멀티미디어 콘텐츠 증가, 유틸리티 컴퓨팅과 같은 다양한 신규 서비스의 급증, IPTV 등 높은 대역폭을 요구하는 애플리케이션의 증가, 가상화 데이터 센터의 등장과 함께 40G/l00G 이더넷 기술이 차세대 광대역 서비스 대역폭 요구에 대한 장기적 해결방안의 하나로 제시되고 있는 가운데 세계적으로 40G/100G 이더넷으로의 네트워크의 진화가 시작되고 있다 본 고에서는 최근 세계적으로 뜨거운 쟁점이 되고 있는 차세대 인프라 40G/100G 이더넷 표준을 기반으로 하는 디바이스 및 프로덕트의 출시 동향을 살펴보고 현재 사용 기능한 상용 칩을 이용한 40G 이더넷 라인카드의 구조와 향후 구현 가능한 100G 이더넷 라인카드의 구조 그리고 40G/100G 이더넷 상의 OTN 네트워크 응용에 대해 고찰한다.