• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.485-488
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• 1999

This study was conducted to obtain a basic information on the structural and histological characteristics of Gerbera hybrida Hort. leaf injured by american serpentine leafminer (ASL), Liriomyza trifolii, by using light and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on the anatomical observation of leaf blade injured by L. trifolii, the injury process could be divided into three stages. In the initial stage, the punctured tiny holes where ASL layed eggs after suction in the upperside of leaf were observed in the palisade parenchyma. In the middle stage, the hatched larvae made mines in the palisade parenchyma only. In the final stage, the mature larvae grew up making the mines bigger, and just before going out from the epidermis, it injured the inside of leaf containing one layer palisade parenchyma and two layers of spongy parenchyma.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.60-67
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• 2020

This study was conducted through a focus group interview of 4 teams of 40 nursing students to provide basic data for the development of customized cadaver practice programs and life and nursing ethics education by identifying the anatomical observation experiences of nursing students through cadaver. We tried to grasp the meaning and essence of the anatomical observation experience using the Colaizzi analysis method. As a result of the analysis, 3 categories, 6 theme clusters, and 12 themes were derived. The theme clusters for each category are as follows: Unrest (worry, confrontation), reflection (the boundary between life and death, teaching of the body teacher), growth (step forward, a valuable experience that will never be again). It was an opportunity for nursing students to realize the mystery of the human body and the preciousness of life through the experience of cadaver, and to consider the altruistic life through donation while recognizing that death is also a process of life in a broad sense.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.323-327
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• 1997

Addition of growth inhibitors such as ancymidol, ABA, chloromequat, and pachlobutrazol into MS medium had no effect to preventing vitrification in cultures of Rehmania glutinosa. Anatomical investigation revealed that vitrified thick leaf tissue in vitro had larger intercellular space with poor development of sponge and pallisade tissue compared to those of in vitro grown glaucous and field grown plants. In vitro grown glaucous leaf had smaller and round type stomata showing distinguishable guard and subsidiary cell than those of reestablished plantlets into soil whereas abnormal stomata and poor development of epicuticular wax on the surface of leaf was observed in verified plantlet.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.1.1-1.18
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• 2024

The implementation of imaging methods that enable sensitive and specific observation of anatomical structures has been a constant in the evolution of endodontic therapy. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables 3-dimensional (3D) spatial anatomical navigation in the 3 volumetric planes (sagittal, coronal and axial) which translates into great accuracy for the identification of endodontic pathologies/conditions. CBCT interpretation consists of 2 main components: (i) the generation of specific tasks of the image and (ii) the subsequent interpretation report. A systematic and reproducible method to review CBCT scans can improve the accuracy of the interpretation process, translating into greater precision in terms of diagnosis and planning of endodontic clinical procedures. MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase and Scopus were searched from inception to March 2023. This narrative review addresses the theoretical concepts, elements of interpretation and applications of the CBCT scan in endodontics. In addition, the contents and rationale for reporting 3D endodontic imaging are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.167-184
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• 2017

Objectives : The paper attempted to analyze the contents found in the networks of five viscera in Yixuerumen's Zangfutiaofen published by Li Chan in 1575, and tried to reveal the body structure dealt in the contents through anatomical verification. Methods : Books such as Huataxianshengneizhaotu, Tushupian, and Shisijingfahui were used to compare, understand, and interpret the original texts and annotations of Yixuerumen in an attempt to verify these through anatomy reference texts and computer programs. Results : In Yixuerumen, some contents of the networks of five viscera were revised to see feixi as not one but two, and explained the relationship of intestinal organs through heart and lung. Anatomically speaking, the networks of five viscera has a vertical structure that unfolds top to bottom centering on aorta, and has many organs connected to it such as trachea, esophagus, splenic artery, pulmonary trunk, ureter, mesentery arteriovenous, gonadal artery, and ductus deferens. Conclusions : The networks of five viscera has a great significance in that it is the fruit of much efforts where oriental medicine tried to explain not only the functions of five viscera, but also the creation and circulation of qi, blood, and bodily fluids through anatomical observation.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.66-79
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• 2000

Anatomical characters such as stem, leaf, ovary, calyx lobe, ultrastructure of stigma, epidermis of leaf blade and midvein, corolla lobe, nectary, seed coat and pollen were examined on 6 taxa of Korean Ophelia, including 5 taxa distributed in south Korea and one taxon considered to be the variation type of Ophelia wilfordi, in order to clarify the limits of intersection and interspecies and to establish the taxonomic position. One taxon distributed in north Korea was also included in the description of species by observation of herbarium specimen of the University of Tokyo in Japan. The two sections were successfully distinguished by internal structure of ovary, morphology of nectary, surface sculpturing of corolla lobe and pollen, ultrastructure of seed and seed coat, which were useful characters to distinguish taxa higher than species. The variation type of Ophelia wilfordi was not distinguished with other species except for absent or present of purple spot in corolla lobe.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.326-328
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• 2011

Purpose: The anatomical anomaly of the rectus abdominis muscle and it's fascia is very rare. No case of the absence of the linea alba below the umbilicus has yet been reported. During breast reconstruction with pedicled TRAM flap, we experienced one case of absence of linea alba. Methods: The patient was a 38-years old female who underwent immediate breast reconstruction with pedicled TRAM flap after Right modified radical mastectomy in June 2010. While the TRAM flap was being elevated, bilateral twitching of the rectus abdominis muscle occurred when electrocautery was applied, and we found the absence of the linea alba below the umbilicus. Results: When the rectus abdominis muscle was exposed, the linea alba below the umbilicus was not observed, and the bilateral rectus abdominis muscle was indistinguishably fused in a gross observation. In addition, bilateral twitching of rectus abdominis muscle was simultaneously observed as one muscle unit when electrocautery was applied. As with both rectus abdominis muscles was bluntly dissected with scissors, the scanty fatty tissues were observed between the both rectus muscles, and the bilateral rectus abdominis muscle was easily separated. The flap was transposed into the corresponding defect to make breast mound. Midline fascia was fixed to the posterior rectus sheath to reconstruct smilar anatomic linea alba. Abdominal defect was reinforced by suturing between remaining anterior rectus sheath. Conclusion: As the unexpected anatomical anomaly may affect the operation outcome, surgeons should be careful when they unexpectedly encounter the anatomical anomaly during an operation. Here, we report a rare case of absence of the linea alba seen at the time of pedicled TRAM flap elevation for breast reconstruction.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.382-389
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• 2014

Raphanus sativus L. cv. Taebaek, a efficiently microspore-derived embryo (MDE)-forming cultivar, and 'Chungwoon', a non-MDE-forming cultivar were selected as donor plants for isolated microspore culture. Radish flower bud of 2.0 (small, S), 4.0 (medium, M), and 6.0 (large, L) ${\pm}$ 0.5 mm in length were isolated to determine the temporal relationship between flower bud size and MED yield. Anatomical observations revealed no difference in the structure of the flower buds between the two cultivars. In both cultivars, the stigmas were much longer than the floral leaf in M-sized flower buds. The MDE yields for 'Taebaek' per petri dish were 6.6 and 1.3 for M- and L-sized of flower buds, respectively, but MDE formation was not induced in the S flower buds. On the other hand, 'Chungwoon' failed to form MDEs in all flower buds. The microspore density of 'Taebaek' was 1.3 times more than that of 'Chungwoon' for M sized flower buds. Of the M-sized buds from 'Taebaek' and 'Chungwoon', 92.1 and 81.6%, respectively, were in the late uninucleate microspore stage, which is characterized by the highest frequency of MDE formation. Anatomical observations of MDE formation revealed that the microspores were able to divide to form a primordium from which cell division took place continuously in the 'Teabeak' cultivar. However, the microspores of 'Chungwoon' failed to progress beyond the primodium stage, resulting in lack of MDE formation. By contrast, after the formation of the primordium, various developmental stages of embyos from microspore were observed in the 'Taebaek' cultivar. These results can be used to determine MDE forming potentials of radish cultivars.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.1081-1096
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• 2018

We reviewed the anatomical characteristics of the conduction system in the ventricles of human and ungulate hearts and then raised some questions to be answered by clinical and anatomical studies in the future. The ventricular conduction system is a 3-dimensional structure as compared to the 2-dimensional character of the atrial conduction system. The proximal part consisting of the atrioventricular node, the bundle of His and fascicles are groups of conducting cells surrounded by fibrous connective tissue so as to insulate from the underlying myocardium. Their location and morphological characters are well established. The bundle of His is a cord like structure but the left and right fascicles are broad at the proximal and branching at the distal part. The more distal part of fascicles and Purkinje system are linear networks of conducting cells at the immediate subendocardium but the intra-mural network is detected at the inner half of the ventricular wall. The papillary muscle also harbors Purkinje system not in the deeper part. It is hard to recognize histologically in human hearts but conducting cells as well as Purkinje cells are easily recognized in ungulate hearts. Further observation on human and ungulate hearts with myocardial infarct, we could find preserved Purkinje system at the subendocardium in contrast to the damaged system at the deeper myocardium. Further studies are necessary on the anatomical characteristics of this peripheral conduction system so as to correlate the clinical data on hearts with ventricular arrhythmias.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.100-106
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• 2018

This study was fulfilled to investigate the anatomical characteristics according to provinces. In order to compare anatomical characteristics between provinces we selected Goseong, Hongcheon, and Bonghwa as experimental sites. To use the tree rings formed at the same years we dated all tree rings by cross-dating method used in dendrochronology and the cutting years were successfully dated in 2014, 2012, and 2014 for woods from Goseong, Hongchen, and Bonghwa, respectively. Based on the cutting years tracheid lengths and widths were measured considering juvenile wood (tree rings between the pith and first 10 years), heartwood (tree rings formed between 1955 and 1964), and sapwood (tree rings formed between 2002 and 2011). According to the results about differences between tracheid lengths from three provinces, juvenile wood did not show a difference, statistically, but heartwood and sapwood showed differences as the tracheid lengths following Bonghwa, Hongcheon, and Goseong. Bongwha also showed the largest value in the trachied width among three provinces. The tracheid lengths in the radial direction increased up to around the first 20 years, and then they showed stabilized. All wood samples showed typical Korean red pine's characteristics in anatomical observation under a light microscope.