• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.477-491
• /
• 1999

Objectives : To evaluate the anatomic variations of the paranasal sinuses on computed tomographs. Materials and Methods : The author examined the CT images of the paranasal sinuses retrospectively in 500 patients who visited Chonbuk National University Hospital between January 1996 and December 1997. Results : The highest incidence of anatomic variation of the paranasal sinuses in bilateral structures was agger nasi cel1(73.2％), followed by concha bullosa(31.1％), Onodi cell(24.0％), Haller ce1109.8％), maxillary sinus septum(3.0％), paradoxical middle turbinate(2.5％), pneumatized uncinate process(2.0％), and bent uncinate process. The highest incidence of anatomic variation in midline structures was nasal septum deviation(53.2％), followed by nasal septum aerated(29.4％), bulla galli(24.7％) asymmetric intersphenoid septum(22.3％), and nasal septum spur(13.8％). The correlation between anatomic variation and paranasal sinusitis was not found. Conclusions : The results of this study will aid in the diagnosis and treatment of paranasal sinus diseases, especially in the treatment planning before functional endoscopic surgery.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.96-101
• /
• 2015

In general, the long head of the biceps brachii originates from the superior glenoid labrum and the supraglenoid tubercle, crosses the rotator cuff interval, and extends into the bicipital groove. However, rare anatomic variations of the origins of the long head have been reported in the past. In this report, we review the clinical history, radiologic findings, and arthroscopic identifications of 3 anatomic variants of the biceps tendon long head. As the detection of long head of biceps tendon pathology during preoperative radiologic assessment can be difficult without prior knowledge, surgeons should be aware of such possible anatomic variations.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.6 no.6
• /
• pp.444-450
• /
• 2014

PURPOSE. To compare the accuracy of marginal and internal adaptation of zirconia (Zr) copings fabricated on anatomic (A), semi-anatomic (SA) and non-anatomic (NA) occlusal surface preparations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 45 extracted bicuspid teeth were prepared for receiving zirconia crowns, with different occlusal preparation designs A=15, SA=15 & NA=15. The Zr copings were fabricated by using CAD4DENT, CAD/CAM. The copings were adjusted, cemented and were cross sectioned centrally from buccal cusp tip to lingual cusp tip into mesial and distal halves. The copings were examined under electron microscope at ${\times}200$ magnification and the measurements were recorded at 9 predetermined areas in micrometers. RESULTS. Overall mean gap values for the three groups was found to be $155.93{\pm}33.98{\mu}m$ with Anatomical Occlusal preparation design having the least gap value of $139.23{\pm}30.85{\mu}m$ showing the best adaptation among the groups. Post Hoc Tukey's test showed a statistically significant difference (P=.007) between the means of gap for A & NA preparation designs. Measurements recorded at 9 predetermined points showed variations for the three groups. CONCLUSION. Anatomical occlusal preparation designs resulted in better marginal and internal adaptation of Zr copings. There is a considerable variation between the measured marginal and internal gap values for the Zr copings fabricated by the (CAD4DENT-CAD/CAM). This variation may be associated with the lack of standardization of the preparation of teeth, computerized designing of the coping for each tooth, cement used, uniform pressure application during the cementation of the copings, sectioning of the copings and the microscopic measurements.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.342-343
• /
• 2002

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.42 no.5
• /
• pp.278-283
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The maxillary sinus mucosa is reported to recover to preoperative sterility after sinus floor elevation. However, when drainage of maxillary sinus is impaired, recovery can be delayed and maxillary sinusitis can occur. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the correlations between anatomic variants that can interrupt the ostium of the maxillary sinus and incidence of complication after sinus lifting. Materials and Methods: The subjects are 81 patients who underwent sinus lifting in Wonkwang University Dental Hospital (Iksan, Korea). Computed tomography (CT) images of the subjects were reviewed for presence of nasal septum deviation, anatomic variants of the middle turbinate, and Haller cells. Correlations between anatomic variations and occurrence of maxillary sinusitis were statistically analyzed. Results: Patients with anatomic variants of ostio-meatal units, such as deviated nasal septum, concha bullosa or paradoxical curvature of the middle turbinate, or Haller cells, showed a higher rate of complication. However, only presence of Haller cell showed statistically significant. Conclusion: Before sinus lifting, CT images are recommended to detect anatomic variants of the ostio-meatal complex. If disadvantageous anatomic variants are detected, the use of nasal decongestants should be considered to reduce the risk of postoperative sinusitis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.773-775
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The sternalis muscle is an accessory muscle of the anterior chest wall. This is a rare anatomic variant reported in approximately 8 percent of the population, with variation among races. While several anatomic studies of the sternalis muscle exist, nothing in the literature addresses the implications of this muscle on staged breast reconstruction with implant. Methods: We encountered two consecutive patients with a left sternalis muscle who underwent immediate staged breast reconstruction with a tissue expander. We offer a strategy for dealing with this rare, but known, anatomic variant during staged implant reconstruction. Firstly, recognizing the presence of a sternalis muscle mandates the elevation of the pectoralis major muscle and the sternalis muscle in continuity. Secondly, slight modifications must be made during the submuscular dissection to create a properly placed pocket for the tissue expander. Results: While our encounters with this anatomic variant are few, our experiences with two consecutive patients illustrate that the reconstructive surgeon must be familiar with the sternalis muscle and be prepared to adapt his or her technique for tissue expander placement when faced with this accessory muscle. Conclusion: To date, no reports exist in the literature describing the operative implications of this anatomic variant. We offer our technique for dealing with this accessory muscle during staged implant reconstruction of the breast.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.186-186
• /
• 2008

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.57 no.3
• /
• pp.219-220
• /
• 2015

Variations in the course and distribution of common palmar digital nerves and arteries are rare. A classic common palmar digital nerves and arteries are defined as concomitant. During routine dissection classes to undergraduate medical students we observed formation of each common palmar digital nerve divided into 2 or 3 branches and formed a ring enclosing the corresponding common palmar digital artery. Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the common palmar digital nerves and arteries is crucial for safe and successful hand surgery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.85 no.2
• /
• pp.468-473
• /
• 2024

Superficial radial neuropathy is a purely sensory neuropathy, usually caused by nerve entrapment in the distal forearm. We report a case of superficial radial neuropathy caused by the anomalous course of the superficial radial nerve, which was found to be spirally encircling the brachioradialis tendon in the distal forearm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an anatomical variant of the superficial radial nerve that causes neuropathy.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.279-285
• /
• 2014

Purpose: To assess the influence of anatomic location on the relationship between computed tomography (CT) number and X-ray attenuation in limited and medium field-of-view (FOV) scans. Materials and Methods: Tubes containing solutions with different concentrations of $K_2HPO_4$ were placed in the tooth sockets of a human head phantom. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were acquired, and CT numbers of the $K_2HPO_4$ solutions were measured. The relationship between CT number and $K_2HPO_4$ concentration was examined by linear regression analyses. Then, the variation in CT number according to anatomic location was examined. Results: The relationship between $K_2HPO_4$ concentration and CT number was strongly linear. The slopes of the linear regressions for the limited FOVs were almost 2-fold lower than those for the medium FOVs. The absolute CT number differed between imaging protocols and anatomic locations. Conclusion: There is a strong linear relationship between X-ray attenuation and CT number. The specific imaging protocol and anatomic location of the object strongly influence this relationship.