• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.05c
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• pp.1511-1514
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 모바일 데이터베이스 시스템에서 동시성제어의 정도를 높이고자 새로운 프로토콜을 제안한다. 트랜잭션의 동시성제어를 하는데 있어서 다중적인 접근으로부터 문제시되는 데이터 일관성을 보장하고, 대역폭이 낮은 모바일 환경 속에서 일어날 수 있는 잦은 접속 단절과 잦은 이동에 대한 트랜잭션 처리의 효율을 높이고자 한다. 2PL(two-phase locking)로부터 확장된 프로토콜인 XAL(extended altruistic locking)모델의 연장으로서 양방향(Bi-directional) 기부연산에 따른 트랜잭션의 처리와 트랜잭션을 판독전용과 판독 및 갱신용 트랜잭션의 두 가지로 분류함으로서 이동 컴퓨터 환경에서 단기 트랜잭션의 처리성능의 정도를 높이고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.161-164
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• 2004

모바일 컴퓨팅 환경에서 실시간 데이터베이스 시스템의 트랜잭션 처리시 2PL-HP 방법은 성능이 우수한 스케줄링 기법이다. 그러나 2PL-HP 방법은 높은 우선순위를 갖는 트랜잭션의 선행처리를 항상 보장하기 때문에 낮은 우선순위를 갖는 트랜잭션은 철회 및 블로킹이 불가피하여 기아(starvation) 현상을 초래한다. 본 논문은 이러한 기아 현상으로 인한 낮은 우선순위를 갖는 트랜잭션의 기다림과 철회를 최소화 하기 위해 이타적 잠금 기법에 우선 순위 기법과 2 버전 기법을 이용하였다. 데이터항목을 점유한 트랜잭션이 더 이상 그 데이터항목을 필요로 하지 않을 때 그 데이터항목을 기부함으로 우선순위가 낮은 트랜잭션들의 불필요한 재 시작 및 기다림을 방지한다. 이로써 마감시간 초과비율과 재시작 비율을 감소 시킬 수 있어 시스템의 처리율을 향상 시킬 수 있다.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.119-128
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• 2024

Purpose: his study examines the effect of message valence on consumer perceptions of sales messages and salesperson evaluations in retail contexts. In contrast to previous studies on the negativity effect, it examines the positivity effect, which implies that the effect of positive information may outweigh that of negative information in certain situations. In addition, the current research examines how the content of the sales message influences consumers' perceptions of salespeople. Research design and methodology: The study presents an analytical model in which a potentially altruistic salesperson transmits quality information as a form of cheap talk. Several predictions were derived from the model and then empirically tested in two experiments. Results: When the sales message is about relatively less expensive products, positive information can be more credible and diagnostic than negative information. In addition, positive sales messages about the less expensive products signal the salesperson's benevolence. Conclusion: This paper is one of the few studies to predict and empirically test the positivity effect. It also contributes to the literature on trust in salespeople by showing that message valence influences buyers' perceptions of salespeople.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.527-541
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• 2020

Consumers' favorable attitude toward ethical brands, and the rise of ethical consumers, is a recent global trend. Nevertheless, prior studies have emerged that favoring ethical products does not necessarily lead to consumers' purchase. Focusing on this, authors attempted to explore what perceptions of the brand lead to purchase behavior. Three experiments were conducted for this purpose. Results are as follows. First, even in ethical products, consumers choose the product when it is perceived as more ethical. This tendency has been shown for both eco-friendly type and donation type products. Second, when there was no noticeable difference in ethicality, ethical consumers consider brand reputation as an important factor in choice. Third, results remains regardless of consumer individual characteristics (consumer altruism, conspicuousness). Note that, unexpectedly, the underdog effect was not observed among altruistic consumers. Several implications, limitations of research, and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.3
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• pp.91-99
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to determine the long term effect of a pleasantly designed interior on pro-saptial behavior. For pleasantly designed interior, the existing interior was remodeled through the change of finishing materials for major architectural elements such as wall, floor and ceiling, and changes of furniture and it's arrangement . Pro-spatial behavior was operationalized as seat arranging behavior and measured through the arranged condition and observable arranging behavior. Time-series design, one of quasi-experimental design was used. The data in this study were extracted from an existing field experimental research. Five hundred survey video tapes record during 2 years period were used. In conclusion, the pleasantly designed environment has a long term effect on the pro-spatial behavior change . While self-centered pro-spatial was improved continuously and even reinforced , altruistic pro-spatial behavior was improved but diminished as time passed. There were no differences in the effect between male and female children. The result of the research provide scientific background of an answer to why Interior Design.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.14
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• pp.69-87
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• 2007

Study results on the perception of organization justice and organization member behavior of private security are as below. Primarily, organization justice showed variation according to socio-demographic characteristics which include age, the period the person has stayed in the current workplace, total period of working and monthly income. As for age, in aspect of the perception of distribution justice, the 36 or older age group prevailed, and the 31 to 35 age group prevailed in the perception of procedure justice. So, perception of organization justice increased accordingly with age. According to the period the person has stayed in the current workplace category, showed high levels in the perception of distribution justice and perception of procedure justice in the $3\;{\sim}\;5$ years group. As for total period of working, both perception of distribution justice and the perception of procedure justice proved greatest in the 5 years or more group and according to monthly income, the KRW 1800,000 or more group showed high levels of perception of distribution justice and the perception of procedure justice. Secondly, organization member behavior showed variation according to sociodemographic characteristics. In organization member behavior, loyal behavior increased along with age and inter-personal relationship behavior and altruistic behavior prevailed in the age group 31-35 According to period the person has worked at the current workplace and in case of total period of working, loyal behavior, inter-personal relationship behavior and altruistic behavior proved to be high. As for monthly income, an increase in monthly income resulted in a high figure in loyal behavior, inter-personal relationship behavior and altruistic behavior. Thirdly, after regression analysis of the relationship of the perception of organization justice and organization member behavior, perception of procedure justice was analyzed to have relatively high influence. Therefore, the hypothesis presented in this study was all chosen after the regression analysis results. This shows that the enhancement of organization member behavior can be improved. by enhancing the perception of organization justice. Thus, it can be concluded that if a private guard recognizes his justice, organization member behavior can be enhanced.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-23
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• 2013

Open Source Software Development (OSSD) differentiates itself from traditional closed software development in that it reveals its source codes online and allows anyone to participate in projects. Even though its success was in doubt, many of the open collaborative working models produced successful results. Academia started to get interested in how developers are willing to participate even when there are no extrinsic rewards for their efforts. Many studies tried to explain developers' motivations, and the pursuit of ideology, reputation, and altruism are found to be the answers. Those studies, however, focused mostly on how the first contribution is made out of a certain motivation. Nowadays, OSSD reaches at its maturity and 70% of professional developers have used or utilized open source software or code in their works. As the proportion of people experiencing OSS, the accounts from previous studies are expected to be weakened. Also, extant literature fails to explain how the motivation of participating in OSS evolves over time and experiences. Given that changing over time or over experiences is the natural in the perception of motivation, studies in an attempt to understand how the motivation changes or evolves are in need. In this study, we aimed to explain how the perception about OSS from past usage or related experiences leads to the intention to sustain OSS participations. By doing so, we try to bridge the gap between previous studies and the actual phenomenon. We argued that perceived instrumentality about OSS learned from past experiences will first affect the formation of organizational identity towards general OSS community. And once the organizational identity is formed, it will affect the one's following behaviors related to OSS development, most likely to sustain the favoring stance toward OSS community. Our research distinguishes itself from previous one in that it divides the paths from organizational identity formed to the intention to sustain the voluntary helping behaviors, by altruistic and conforming intentions. Drawing on this structural model, we could explain how organizational identity engages in forming the sustaining intention from past experiences, and that the intention to help at individual level and organizational level works at different level in OSS community. We grounded our arguments on Social identity theory and Organizational Citizenship theory. We examined our assumption by constructing a structural equation model (SEM) and had 88 developers to answer our online surveys. The result is analyzed by PLS (partial least square) method. Consequently, all paths but one in our model are supported, the one which assumed the association between perceived instrumentality and altruistic intention. Our results provide directions in designing online collaborative platforms where open access collaboration is meant to occur. Theoretically, our study suggests that organizational citizenship behavior can occur from organizational identity, even in bottom-up organizational settings. More specifically, we also argue to consider both organizational level and individual level of motivation in inducing sustained participations within the platforms. Our result can be interpreted to indicate the importance of forming organizational identity in sustaining the participatory behaviors. It is because there was no direct association between perceived instrumentality from past experiences and altruistic behavior, but the perception of organizational identity bridges the two constructs. This means that people with no organizational identity can sustain their participations through conforming intention from only the perception of instrumentality, but it needs little more than that for the people to feel the intention to directly help someone in the community-first to form the self-identity as a member of the given community.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.211-226
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• 2006

This paper examines the crisis of the protagonist's Jewish identity in Philip Roth's Portnoy's Complaint. Jewish values are centered on the philosophy of Judaism and Jewish history. Judaism is based on an ethical monotheism which is Bible-centered. It is characterized by its covenant with God, its humanism, and its emphasis on moral action. It provides essential reasons for man's existence and stresses human confidence and sufficiency. Jewish values can be found in words such as "good," "humanity," "dignity," "responsibility," and "sense of community." These positive Jewish values pervade Philip Roth's fiction paradoxically. Throughout especially Portnoy's Complaint, the protagonist fails to embrace Jewish values in contrast to Bellow or Malamud's heroes and repeat the same mistakes eliciting fits of laughter from readers. The protagonist suffers from his strongly-felt ethical and altruistic impulses perpetually warring with his extreme sexual longings against which he struggles. His desperation grows as he finds himself unable to channel his dissatisfaction and change his situations. His dominating mother and his confusion over Jewishness and Americanism are the main obstacles to his establishment of self-identity. He attempts to build up his gender identity and Jewish identity through his ego-centric sexual relationship with shikses(female gentiles). His inability to embody Jewish values leads to the failure to fulfill his identity. Roth paradoxically shows that the protagonist's realization of Jewishness is essential to the cure for his fragmented self.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.81-101
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• 2009

This study examines married couples' forgiveness and forgiveness process in order to provide basic information related to married couples' forgiveness and to identify significant variables through analyzing socio-demographic characteristics affecting forgiveness and what influences the forgiveness process variables. Based on the study, the conclusions are as follows: First, men are affected by personal and intrinsic factors and women are affected by the other person's factor in the forgiveness. Married couples all expect that self-growth and the recovery of negative emotion occur through forgiveness. It indicates that the forgiveness contains a strong selfish character and not an altruistic character for others. Second, married couples experience hurt in the martial relationship due to problems caused by relationships with the husband's family, wife's family, and relatives. There is a significant difference between men and women in the period of problem occurrence, period of worry, seriousness degree of the problem, intention status of the problem, hurt degree, unfairness status of hurt, unfairness degree of hurt, and locus of control. Third, men's forgiveness level is higher in emotional forgiveness, cognitive forgiveness, and behavioral forgiveness. Among them, there is the biggest difference of cognitive forgiveness between men and women. Also, the variable affecting forgiveness is different between men and women.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2017

Purpose - This study attempts to extend the research in responsible luxury by identifying contexts where Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can promote luxury brands' evaluation. It contributes to the literature on consumer responses to CSR, and to responsible luxury in particular and demonstrates how dispositional consensus and luxury-CSR information of luxury brands affects consumers' evaluation of brand. Research design, data, and methodology - An experiment was conducted to test the relationship between brand evaluation and responsible luxury brands' CSR information using collected data through a survey in a large university of South Korea. Study conditions were manipulated with various product types to analyze the relationship in different product domains. Results - When consensus regarding sincere and altruistic motive of companies for CSR activity is high, the perceived fit between luxury brand and the type of CSR has no effect on brand evaluation. But, in case of lower consensus regarding the benevolent company motives, higher fit enhances evaluation than lower fit. Conclusions - In using consensus as a guiding factor to choose the type of charity with favorably view, the level of irrespective fit can help luxury firms to enjoy the benefits of better image. In case of low consensus donating to charities that are closely related to the brands' product or area of business seems to be fruitful.