• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2010

Papermaking technology has drastically improved over the last 20 years to face new challenges. Because environmental regulations have become increasingly strict, papermaking systems have had to accommodate elevated recycled pulp content and an increased use of recycled process water. Process water in papermaking systems has become more dirtier and reduced polymer efficiency. Amphoteric PAM demonstrated a higher degree of stability in a high conductivity environment compared to cationic PAM. This was illustrated by the improved retention performance, particularly the ash retention. This amphoteric polymer can be used for board or newsprint production using recycled pulp, especially for the systems where polymer dissolving water is high in conductivity and degradation of cationic functional groups of cationic PAM can occur.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of Pre-symposium of the 10th ISWPC
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• pp.56-60
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• 1999

In this paper, a series of amphoteric polyacrylamide(PAM) with different molecular weight and charge were synthesized and used as retention and dewatering aids. Better products had been selected and tested under varied conditions. Effects of molecular weight, cationic charge density, degree of hydrolysis and other factors of PAM on retention and dewatering of papermaking were also considered. Finally, synthesized quaternary and tertiary ammonium amphoteric polyacrylamide were practised in paper mill trial.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2001

As a novel method to improve strength properties of recycled test liner, Condebelt press drying system was introduced and adopted into Korea. New press drying treatment could enhance the surface and strength properties in accordance with the increase of sheet density. However, Condebelt drying can not increase the density of repeatedly recycled test liner as much as that of virgin UKP and at the same density condition, the strength of Condebelt press dried UKP is greater than that of press dried test liner. In order to increase the strength of test liner, two attempts were tried in this study. First, addition of polyelectrolytes, dry strength agent was investigated with a view to promote the fiber bonding potential of reclaimed corrugated container pulp. Second, blending effect of fines were analyzed in an aims of increasing density and strength of test liner. The results were as follows; Even in the case of test liner densified by Condebelt press dryer, addition of amphoteric PAM as a dry strength agent was effective in increasing strength properties and so the effect of dry strength agent on improving bonding potential of recycled OCC fiber could be confirmed. As an appropriate addition level of amphoteric PAM, below 1% based on dry pulp weight was suggested. Different from virgin UKP, density of recycled test liner can be increased by the blending of OCC fines and strength properties also can be improved. However, excessive blending of OCC fines could result in decreasing of density and serious weakening of test liner. The best blending ration of fines in test liner can be determined as about 30%. Taking into account the fines content in general OCC pulp as 50%, excessive 20% of fines were supposed to be fractionated and removed in order to achieve the best strength of Condebelt press dried test liner.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2015

Recently, the use of wood resources has been limited due to global environmental change, like global warming and desertification. It is very critical in Korea's paper industries because lots of virgin pulp are dependant on direct import from abroad for printing grade of paper. In this work, the alternatively best available technique for reducing the import amounts of BKP (bleached Kraft pulp) was considered by mixing DIP (deinked pulp) and TMP (thermomechanical pulp) for the manufacture of high quality paper. Generally known, the sheet prepared from fibrous raw materials of DIP and TMP has lower strength and optical properties than that prepared from BKP. This study was aimed to improve the sheet quality by using DIP and TMP. 4 kinds of polyelectrolytes were approached to find out the best effects on physical strength and optical brightness improvements, and high retention behaviors with GCC (ground calcium carbonate). In conclusion, amphoteric PAM with 1,000,000 molecular weight (g/mol) and 0.5 charge density (meq/g) was best for the improvement of strength properties with the mixture of DIP and TMP. GCC retention rate was also the highest with cationic-PAM of above 2,000,000 molecular weight (g/mol) and about 2.0-3.0 charge density (meq/g) of strengthening agent.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.108-108
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• 2002

고분자전해질들은 제지공정에서 건조지력제, 습윤지력제, 정착제, 보류제 등으로 널리 사 용되어지고 있으며, 이러한 고분자전해질들이 보유하고 있는 관능기의 종류와 분자량에 따라 각각의 다른 특성을 발현하게 된다. 이중 관능기의 종류와 비율에 따라 결정되는 중요한 특성 중 한가지가 전하밀도이며, 이러한 전하밀도는 제지공정에 사용할 때 습부공정에서 매우 중요 한 인자라 할 수 있다. 전하밀도는 고분자전해질의 분자구조와 단량체의 종류에 따라 다르며, 적용 pH의 조건에 따라 변화하게 된다. 3급 아민과 4급 암모늄을 관능기로 가진 고분자전해질 의 경우 pH에 따른 전하밀도의 변화는 이미 잘 알려져 있는 바,3급 아민을 작용기로 가진 양이 온성 고분자전해질은 pH 9에 도달하면 양전하를 완전히 상실하고,4급 암모늄을 작용기로 가진 양이온성 고분자전해질은 pH의 변화에 상관없이 양전하가 변하지 않는다고 보고되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 양이온성과, 양쪽이온성 고분자전해질들 중 Cationic PAM, Amphoteric P PAM, PolyDADMAC, Epoxide polyamide resin, Epi-DMA copolymer 등을 시 료로 사용하였 으며, 양이온성 관능기의 종류가 다른 고분자 전해질을 이용하여 pH 변화에 따른 전하밀도의 변화를 검토하였다. 또한 일반적으로 중성 초지공정의 pH 조건은 7.0 - 8.0이며, 이 pH 조건에 서 고분자전해질의 거동은 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 양이온 관능기의 종류에 따른 고분자전해질들을 pH 7.8에서 보관시간에 따른 전하밀도의 변화를 조사하였으며, 전하밀도가 변화하는 양상에 따라 양이온성 관능기의 분자구조의 변화를 검토하였다. p pH 변화에 따른 전하밀도의 변화 결과로부터 3급 아민을 포함한 양이온성 고분자전해질 뿐만 아니라,4급 암모늄을 포함한 일부의 양이온성 고분자전해질 또한 알카리 조건에서 전하 밀도가 감소하며, 강한 얄차리 조건에서는 음이온성 고분자전해질로 변화하는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과들로부터 약 알카리(pH 7.5 - 8.0) 조건 하에서도 시간의 변화에 따라 4 급 암모늄을 포함하는 고분자전해질의 전하밀도가 변화할 것이라 예측하였으며, 실험을 통해 그 사실을 확인하였다. 알카리 조건에서 전하밀도가 변하지 않는 4급 암모늄 고분자전해질과, 전하밀도가 변하는 4급 암모늄 고분자전해질의 분자구조를 비교해 볼 때, 그 원인은 4급 암모늄 의 관능기가 고분자 연쇄로부터 가수분해 되어 나타나는 현상으로 판단된다.