• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 1994

1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-undecyl-2-imidazoline[I] was converted into various types of sulfonated or sulfated amphoteric surfactants as following. 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-(3-sulfonatedpropyl)-2-undecyl-2-imidazolium[III] 1-(2-sulfatedethyl)-1-methyl-2-undecyl-2-imidazolium[IV] 1-dioxylethylene methyl sulfonated-1-methyl-2-undecyl-2-imidazoliun[V] N-[N'-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(3-sulfonatedpropylammonio]ethyl dodecanoyl amide[VI] Mono sodium N-[N'-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N'-disulfonatedpropylammonio]ethyl dodecanoyl amide[VII] N-[N'-(2-hydroxyethyl-N'-(2-hydroxypropl-N'(3-sulfonatedpropyl)ammonio] ethyl dodecanoyl amide[VIII] The alkylimidazolines could be readily hydrolyzed to give amidoamines, but by quaternerization, hydrolysis stability of imidazoline and amide type amphoteric surfactantes were increased in the alkali and acid conditions. Also, at least three carbon chains introduce to the main group, water solubility was sparingly increased.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.4 s.48
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• pp.525-532
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• 2004

N-acyl taurates are known as environmental-friendly and non-irritating to skin. In this study, the physicochemical properties of N-acyl taurates, which are amide-type anionic surfactants, were measured and also compared with sulfate-type anionic surfactants that show low biodegradability and are highly irritating to skin. The possibility of replacing the currently existing sulfate-type surfactants by N-acyl taurates was examined. Based on the experimental results, shampoos were formulated with these anionic surfactants and their stability and properties were measured. The possibility of application of amide-type surfactants to personal care cleaner was evaluated. Experimental results show that N-acyl taurates have various favorable aspects in making personal care cleanser: high viscosity, low surface tension, and low CMC values. These properties of N-acyl taurates generate nano-scale particles in emulsion, which is stable due to its high viscosity. This emulsion also has good cleaning ability with small amount of usage due to easy penetration into contaminants. Shampoo with N-methyl oleyl taurate showed high yield point and constant viscosity, and formed stable emulsion with nano- scale uniform particles. These results suggest that N-acyl taurates play an important role in making stable Interior structure in shampoo, and which improves the storage property.

• Clean Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2005

In this study, semibatch emulsion copolymerization of n-BA as adhesive component and MMA as coagulant component were carried out for the stable acrylic polymer latex in aqueous phase for polymer cement using LE-type nonionic surfactant as environmental friendly surfactant. The stable polymer emulsion was obtained with the increases of chain length(n) of this surfactant. The effect on the amount of LE-50 as nonionic surfactant were showed that the concentration of polymer latex were increased by increasing the amount of LE-50, whereas the average particle size were decreased by increasing the amount. The addition of functional monomer in initial reactor charge showed a significant effect on the final polymer concentration and the latex particle size. The single polymerization of each n-BA or MMA showed a very low concentration of polymer latex and very big particle size due to coagulation. In the polymerization composed of mixed monomer with MMA and n-BA, the larger the ratio of MMA to n-BA in the copolymers, the greater the amount of coagulum produced. It was found that a stable copolymers were obtained in the range of 15-35 % of n-BA. Moreover, incorporation of some functional monomers in addition to of main monomers became more stable polymer latex. Through DSC and IR analysis, the final polymer latex was composed by MMA/n-BA/AA/AM with a single Tg depending on the reaction conditions. As a result, the conditions of this acrylic polymerization could also be effectively controlled to get the desired final products.

• Clean Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.195-204
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• 2005

A new condensation process for manufacturing N-acyl taurates which generates less pollutant and produces more than 60 % yield in comparison with the conventional process has been developed in this work. Its optimum process conditions are at $210{\sim}230^{\circ}C$ of reaction temperature and 6 ~ 9 hour of reaction time when Parasol 123 of petroleum refired oil is employed as process solvent and mixed catalysts of sulfonic acid and phosphoric acid are utilized as process catalyst. And the qualities of N-acyl taurates produced by this new process are similar to or better than those of imported product judging from their acid value, amine value and color. Thus, it can be said that the newly developed process for manufacturing N-acyl taurates in this work is better than the conventional process. The physical properties of N-acyl taurates produced in this work such as surface tension, foaming power, foaming stability, hard water stability, and emulsifying power etc. were compared with those of commercially available anionic surfactants. And the experimental results show that N-acyl taurates shows good physical properties and that they can be alternative to conventional anionic surfactants.