• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.128-135
• /
• 1987

고온성 cellulose 분해이용세균인 Herpetosiphon geysericola CUM 317 균주가 생성하는 ${\alpha}-amylase$, ${\beta}-amylase$ 및 glucoamylase를 황산암모늄 염석, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, CM-cellulose chromatography 방법으로 각각 부분정제하였다. 이들 ${\alpha}-amylase$, ${\beta}-amylase$ 및 glucoamylase의 감자 전분에 대한 Km치는 $2.31mg/m{\ell}$, $7.69mg/m{\ell}$ 및 $8.33mg/m{\ell}$였으며, 각 분자량은 84,000 dalton, 76,000 dalton 및 80,000 dalton의 크기로 나타났다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.333-338
• /
• 1998

산마의 총 식이섬유가 2-AF와 MNNG에 대해서는 각각12.4%와 18.7%의 억제효과를 나타냈으며, 재배마는 33.2%와 49.1%의 억제효과를 보여 재배마의 $\alpha$-cellulose는 각각 0.5%, 1.0%농도에서 70.0%와 76.9%로 가장 높은 억제효과를 나타냈으며 MNNG에 대해서는 모든 농도에서 90% 이상의 억제효과를 나타냈다. Pectin의 2-AF에 대한 억제효과는 산마의 경우 0.1% 농도일 때 42.5%로 가장 높았고, 재배마는 억제효과를 나타내지 않았다. MNNG에 대해서는 산마 1.0%와 재배마 0.7% 농도일 때 각각 51.8% 와 31.0%로 가장 높은 억제효과를 나타냈다. 반응 시간에 따른 억제 효과는 2-AF에 대해 산마, 재배마 및 표품의 $\alpha$-cellulose (0.5%)는 3시간일 때, MNNG에 대해서는 6시간일 때 최고의 억제 효과를 나타냈다. 산마, 재배마 및 표품의 pectin(1.0%)의 2-AF에 대해 반응 시간이 경과함에 따라 억제 효과가 점진적으로 감소하였으며 MNNG에 대해 1시간 30분일 때 높은 억제 효과를 나타냈다. 산마와 재배마에서 추출한 $\alpha$-cellulose와 pectin은 2-AF에 의해 유발되는 돌연변이원성에 비해 MNNG에 의해 유발되는 돌연변이원성을 더 효과적으로 억제하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.193-198
• /
• 1984

Rice, the staple food in Korea, is deficient to some extent in protein, lipid and vitamins. This study was carried out in order to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation to the rice diet of cellulose, ginseng, and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol on lead toxicity in rats. Using male rats fed the rice diet with the distilled drinking water containing 750mg of lead as nitrate per liter, for 11 weeks, organ weights, hemoglobin levels, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity and accumulation of lead in liver, blood and kidney were observed. Supplementation of cellulose, ginseng and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol to the lead groups showed the protective effect significantly in the weight of liver but no influence in hemoglobin levels. Ginseng especially decreased the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity to normal level. The three supplemented diets reduced the lead accumulation in kidney and blood, but not in liver.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.277-284
• /
• 1996

마(산마, 재배마)의 생리활성 물질의 기능성을 밝힐 목적으로 마의 갈변물질, 점질물 및 식이섬유를 분리 정제하여 항변이원성을 검색하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 마의 갈변효소를 cathol, hydroquinion, resorcinol, pyrogallol 등에 반응시켜 얻은 갈변물질의 항변이원성은 sodium azide에 대하여 기질에 따른 차이가 없었으나, 2-aminofloureno에 대해서는 모든 기질에서 유의적으로 높았다. (P＜0.01) 2. 마의 점질물과 식이섬유($\alpha$-cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin) 의 sodium azide와 2-ami-noflourene에 대한 항변이원성은 $\alpha$-cellulose와 hemicellulose에서 유의적으로 높았으며(p＜0.01), $\alpha$-cellulose와 흡착 반응시킨 2-amino-flourene에 대한 항변이원성은 5시간 반응시 가장 높았고 반응시간이 경과함에 따라 감소하였다.

• 한국키틴키토산학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.228-233
• /
• 2018

삼림 토양 시료를 이용하여 cellulase 생산균주를 단리한 결과, Carboxymethylcellulose (CM-cellulose)를 기질로 첨가한 고체배지상에서 명확한 활성환을 형성하는 총 6종류의 cellulase 생산균주를 단리하여, 단리한 균주 유래의 16S rDNA유전자 염기서열 분석을 통하여 균주 동정을 진행하였다. 그 결과 본 연구에서 단리된 균주는 Bacillus subtilis 4종류, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 1종류, Bacillus cereus 1종류로 동정되었다. 이 중에서 CM-cellulose에 대한 가장 높은 cellulase 활성을 보이는 Bacillus subtilis를 선정하여 Bacillus subtilis NSC로 명명하였다. Bacillus subtilis NSC 유래 cellulase는 균주 배양 36~48시간에서 가장 높은 cellulase 생산성을 보였으며, 최적 pH 및 온도를 검토한 결과, 본 균주 유래 cellulase는 pH 5.0과 $40^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높은 효소 활성을 나타내었다. 그리고, pH 4.0~5.0 조건에서 30분간 효소처리를 하여도 효소활성의 감소가 없었으며, $40^{\circ}C$까지는 30분간의 열처리에도 효소활성의 저하 없이 안정한 특성을 보였다. CM-cellulose, Alkali swollen cellulose, Sigmacell-cellulose, Alpha-cellulose, 그리고 Avicel을 기질로 기질 특이성을 한 결과 CM-cellulose에 대하여 가장 높은 효소 활성을 나타내었으며, cellulose 결정구조를 보유하고 있지않는 CM-cellulose와 Alkali swollen cellulose에 대해서는 명확한 효소활성을 보였다. 하지만, cellulose 결정구조를 보유하고 있는 Sigmacell Cellulose, Alpha-cellulose, 그리고 Avicel 기질에 대해서는 CM-cellulose 활성의 각각 8%, 8%, 그리고 4%의 매우 낮은 효소활성을 나타내었다. Bacillus subtilis NSC 유래 cellulase의 0.26 U/ml 조효소액과 0.52 U/ml 조효소액을 이용하여 CM-cellulose의 분해 특성을 검토하였을 때 두 조효소액 모두 반응 CM-cellulose에 대해 반응 120분 후에 0.43 U/ml와 0.76 U/ml의 효소 활성을 나타내었다.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.162-167
• /
• 1998

The adsorption behaviors of two major cellulase components, endo I and exo II, from Trichoderma viride were investigated using $\alpha$-celluloses with different correlation crystallinity index(Cc) as substrates. The adsorption of cellulase enzyme components was significantly affected by the reaction condition and the physicochemical properties of the cellulose. The $\alpha$-cellulose was hydrolyzed in the presence of cellulase for various periods. The correlation crystallinity index of $\alpha$-cellulose increased with increasing the hydrolysis time. The adsorption was apparently found to obey the first-order kinetics, and the adsorption activation energy(Ea) was calculated from the adsorption rate constant(ka). The value of adsorption rate constant for endo I was larger than that of exo II. This means that endo I are adsorbed more rapidly than exo II. With the increase in correlation crystallinity index, the values of the adsorption rate constants for endo I and exo II decreased, respectively. The activation energy for the adsorption of exo II on the cellulose also was larger than that of endo I. Also adsorption activation energy of endo I and exo II increased with an increase in the crystallinity of sample cellulose.

• 산업식품공학
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.118-126
• /
• 2010

The fibrous material fraction as a by-product from the commercial aloe vera gel processing was obtained and freeze dried. The physicochemical characteristics such as the proximate composition, crystalline/surface structures and several physical functionalities including the water holding capacity (WHC), swelling capacity (SW), oil holding capacity (OHC), emulsion/foam properties and viscosity properties of this powdered sample (100 mesh) were investigated and analyzed by comparison with commercial $\alpha$-cellulose as a reference sample. The total dietary fiber content of powdered sample was very high as much as 87.5%, and the insoluble dietary and soluble dietary fiber content ratios were 77.6 and 22.4%, respectively. The FT-IR spectrum of powdered sample showed a typical polysaccharide property and exhibited a x-ray diffraction pattern for cellulose III and IV like structure. SW (8.24${\pm}$0.15 mL/g), WHC(6.40${\pm}$0.19 g water/g solid) and OHC(10.32${\pm}$0.29 g oil/g solid) of freeze dried aloe cellulose were about 3.3, 1.4 and 2 times higher than those of commercial $\alpha$-cellulose, respectively. Aloe cellulose (~2%, w/v) alone had no foam capacity while improved the foam stability of protein solution (1% albumin+0.5% $CaCl_{2}$) by factor of 300%. Emulsion capacity of 2%(w/v) aloe cellulose was about 70% level of 0.5%(w/v) xanthan gum, but its emulsion stability was about 1.2 times higher than that of xanthan gum. Also, aloe cellulose containing CMC (carboxyl methyl cellulose) of 0.3%(w/v) showed a very good dispersity. Aloe cellulose dispersion of above 1%(w/v) exhibited higher pseudoplasticity and concentration dependence than those of $\alpha$-cellulose dispersion, indicating the viscosity properties for new potential usage such as an excellent thickening agent.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.501-505
• /
• 2009

$TiO_2$ nano-particle paste was prepared by ethyl cellulose, $\alpha$-terpineol and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dioxcyl phthalate) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Dispersion and absorbance of $TiO_2$ photoanode films was controlled by adding different amount of ethyl cellulose and $\alpha$-terpineol. The morphology of prepared $TiO_2$ films was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and the optical properties of $TiO_2$ films were measured by UV/vis spectra. Photovoltaic-current density was observed to determine the electrochemical response of DSSCs. Energy conversion efficiency was obtained about 7.1% at ethyl cellulose and $\alpha$-terpineol at optimal mixed ratio (as ethyl cellulose: 0.1 g; $\alpha$-terpineol: 1.5 ml) under illumination with AM 1.5($100\;Wcm^{-2}$) simulated sunlight.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.101-104
• /
• 1997

Lactic acid production from ${\alpha}$-cellulose by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was studied. The cellulose was converted in a batch SSF using cellulase enzyme Cytolase CL to produce glucose sugar and Lactobacillus delbrueckii to ferment the glucose to lactic acid. The effects of temperature, PH, yeast extract loading, and lactic acid inhibition were studied to determine the optimum conditions for the batch processing. Cellulose was converted efficiently to lactic acid, and enzymatic hydrolysis was the rate controlling step in the SSF. The highest conversion rate was obtained at 46$^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.0. The observed yield of lactic acid from ${\alpha}$-cellulose was 0.90 at 72 hours. The optimum pH of the SSF was coincident with that of enzymatic hydrolysis. The optimum temperature of the SSF was chosen as the highest temperature the microoraganism could withstand. The optimum yeast extract loading was found to be 2.5g/L. Lactic acid was observed to be inhibitory to the microorganisms' activity.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 1999

In this paper, five lignin model compounds (vanilly alcohol, veratryl alcohol, veratryl methyl carbinol, biseugenol) and three cellulose model compounds (${\alpha}$-D-glucos, methyl-${\beta}$-D-glucopyra-noside, D-cellobiose) were used to study the degradation rates of lignin and cellulose with chlorine dioxide. Biseugenol, which has unsaturated structure on the side chain of aromatic ring, was found to react with chlorine dioxide very quickly and consume large amount of chlorine dioxide. Phenolic structures, represented by veratryl alcohol and apocynol, react with chlorine dioxide much faster than nonphenolic structures represented by veratryl alcohol and veratryl methyl carbinol. The degradations of cellulose models were generally very slight, the corder of reaction rate being ${\alpha}$-D-glucose > D-cellobiose > methyl-${\alpha}$-D-glucopyranoside.