• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.413-421
• /
• 2008

It was previously found that PG102, a water-soluble extract derived from Actinidia arguta, was able to modulate Th1/Th2 pathways and suppress IgE production resulting in dramatic amelioration of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mouse and hairless rat models. In order to evaluate the subacute toxicity of PG102, female and male SD rats were daily fed with various doses of PG102 for 4 weeks. Six week old SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and orally administrated with 100-, 300-, and 1,000- mg/kg of PG102 as well as the vehicle only. At the end of the study, no significant differences in the body and organ weights were observed between control and treated rats of both genders. Hematological and blood chemical analysis showed little differences between the animal groups. Neither gross abnormalities nor histopathological changes were found. PG102 produced little or no subacute toxicity and could be used as a safe nutraceutical for the treatment of individuals with allergic diseases including atopic dermatitis.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.27-43
• /
• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of AI on AD induced by DNCB in mice. AI has antiallergic property that is useful in treating allergy-related-diseases, such as asthma, anaphylactic shock, acute bronchitis and skin diseases, skin pruritus from gastrointestinal diseases. However, AI has not been studied intensively yet regarding anti-inflammatory effect on AD. Therefore, this study was conducted on 2,4-dinitrochlorobezene (DNCB)-induced mice to investigate effects of AI in AD. Methods In the experiment, we divided mice into four groups: a normal group (NOR), a control group (CON), an AI spread group (AI spread), and an AI spread and feeding group (AI spread & feeding). Then examined the changes in the body weight, weights of spleen and ear, thickness of dorsum skin and ear skin, clinical aspects on dorsum skin, historical assessments, proliferation of splenocytes in vitro and in vivo, and cytokine (TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-10). Results From the experiment, the ear weight of AI spread & feeding group was significantly dropped and the ear thickness of both AI spread and AI spread & feeding were decreased significantly. Dorsum skin thickness was also decreased significantly in both AI spread and AI spread & feeding group. Also, AI treatment improved the symptoms of AD, such as coloration, erythema and desquamation and had a better effect on AI spread & feeding group. In histopathological observation, thickened epidermis, hyperkeratosis, pigmentation, hypergranulosis, parakeratosis were diminished as well in both AI spread and AI spread & feeding group. In vitro, we could observe when AI was increased as proliferation rate of splenocytes were increased, too. Conclusions In conclusion, these data suggest that AI can decrease symptoms of AD and show AI can be useful herbal therapy for AD.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제16권11호
• /
• pp.1791-1798
• /
• 2006

When ginsenoside Rg5, a main component isolated from red ginseng, was incubated with three human fecal microflora for 24 h, all specimens showed hydrolyzing activity: all specimens produced ginsenoside Rh3 as a main metabolite, but a minor metabolite $3{\beta},12{\beta}$-dihydroxydammar-21(22),24-diene (DD) was observed in two specimens. To evaluate the antiallergic effect of ginsenoside Rg5 and its metabolites, the inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rg5 and its metabolite ginsenoside Rh3 against RBL-2H3 cell degranulation, mouse passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction induced by the IgE-antigen complex, and mouse ear skin dermatitis induced by 12-O-tetradecanoilphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) were measured. Ginsenosides Rg5 and Rh3 potently inhibited degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells. These ginsenosides also inhibited mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in RBL-2H3 cells stimulated by IgE-antigen. Orally and intraperitoneally administered ginsenoside Rg3 and orally administered ginsenoside Rg5 to mice potently inhibited the PCA reaction induced by IgE-antigen complex. However, intraperitoneally administered ginsenoside Rg5 nearly did not inhibit the PCA reaction. These ginsenosides not only suppressed the swelling of mouse ears induced by TPA, but also inhibited mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase-2, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and IL-4 and activation of transcription factor NF-kB. These inhibitions of ginsenoside Rh3 were more potent than those of ginsenoside Rg5. These findings suggest that ginsenoside Rg5 may be metabolized in vivo to ginsenoside Rh3 by human intestinal microflora, and ginsenoside Rh3 may improve antiallergic diseases, such as rhinitis and dermatitis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제59권5호
• /
• pp.218-225
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The recent increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases is hypothetically attributed to immune dysregulation in turn caused by a reduction in exposure to sunlight. We explored relationships between birth season, sunlight exposure, exercise duration, and an allergic disease. Methods: We performed a questionnaire-based survey on allergic diseases among elementary school students. Birth time was categorized according to the season (summer and winter). Results: The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) "symptoms ever" was higher in the children born in winter than in those born in summer (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.49; P=0.024). Birth in winter was associated with an increase in the "symptoms in the past 12 months" prevalence of food allergy (FA) (aOR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.09-2.24; P=0.015). The lifetime prevalence of allergic diseases except FA was higher in the children whose parents considered their sunlight exposure prior to 24 months of ageas inadequate than those who considered their exposure as adequate ("diagnosis ever" asthma: aOR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.17-1.67; P<0.001; allergic rhinitis [AR]: aOR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.17-1.67; P<0.001; AD: aOR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.06-1.51; P=0.01). Neither recent sunlight exposure nor exercise duration was associated with the prevalence of an allergic disease. Conclusion: Birth in winter may be associated with development of AD and FA. Inadequate sunlight exposure before the age of 24 months might possibly increase the risks of development of asthma, AR, and AD.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.1659-1665
• /
• 2005

Gamipaidok-san(GPDS) is the Hyungbangpaidok-san prescription fortified with the additional ingredients known to be effective for dermatitis. So it has been used for atopic dermatitis in the clinic work actually. In this study, we investigated the effects of GPDS on in vitro and in vivo anti-allergic effect on RBL-2H3 rat basophilic leukemia Cells and on IgE-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in mice. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of GPDS in RAW 264.7 cells was investigated. GPDS potently inhibited $\beta$-hexosaminidase release from RBL-2H3 and the IgE-mediated PCA reaction in mice. GPDS inhibited LPS-induced NO and PGE2 production in a dose-dependent manner Furthermore, It also inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression in RAW 264.7 cells, and the activation of the transcription factor, NF-kB, in nuclear fraction. The antiallergic action of GPDS may originate from anti-inflammatory activities, and can improve the inflammation caused by allergies.

• 산업융합연구
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.70-76
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 청소년의 식이행태를 파악하고, 식이행태에 따른 알레르기 질환과의 관련성을 확인하여 추후 알레르기 질환 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 함이다. 연구방법은 제15차 청소년건강행태조사 빅데이터를 이차분석하였으며, SPSS 25 프로그램을 이용하여 복합표본 빈도분석, 복합표본 교차분석을 시행하였다. 연구 결과 천식을 진단받은 청소년은 아침식사 빈도, 과일 섭취빈도, 탄산음료 섭취빈도, 에너지음료 섭취빈도, 단맛 나는 음료 섭취빈도, 패스트푸드 섭취빈도, 채소 섭취빈도, 편의점 식사 경험과 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 알레르기 비염을 진단받은 청소년은 아침식사 빈도, 과일 섭취빈도, 탄산음료 섭취빈도, 에너지음료 섭취빈도, 단맛 나는 음료 섭취빈도, 채소 섭취빈도, 우유 섭취빈도와 관련성을 있음을 보였다. 아토피피부염을 진단받은 청소년은 탄산음료 섭취빈도, 채소 섭취빈도, 우유 섭취 빈도, 편의점 식사경험과 관련성이 있었다. 따라서 알레르기 질환을 가진 청소년의 경우 올바른 식이행태를 교육하여 습관을 형성해 나갈 수 있도록 하는 것이 필요하다.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제44권5호
• /
• pp.310-317
• /
• 2021

Cluster of differentiation 1 (CD1) is a family of cell-surface glycoproteins that present lipid antigens to T cells. Humans have five CD1 isoforms. CD1a is distinguished by the small volume of its antigen-binding groove and its stunted A' pocket, its high and exclusive expression on Langerhans cells, and its localization in the early endosomal and recycling intracellular trafficking compartments. Its ligands originate from self or foreign sources. There are three modes by which the T-cell receptors of CD1a-restricted T cells interact with the CD1a:lipid complex: they bind to both the CD1a surface and the antigen or to only CD1a itself, which activates the T cell, or they are unable to bind because of bulky motifs protruding from the antigen-binding groove, which might inhibit autoreactive T-cell activation. Recently, several studies have shown that by producing T_H2 or T_H17 cytokines, CD1a-restricted T cells contribute to inflammatory skin disorders, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis, and wasp/bee venom allergy. They may also participate in other diseases, including pulmonary disorders and cancer, because CD1a-expressing dendritic cells are also located in non-skin tissues. In this mini-review, we discuss the current knowledge regarding the biology of CD1a-reactive T cells and their potential roles in disease.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.282-289
• /
• 2022

Background: Airborne fungi are ubiquitous in the air and exposure to an airborne fungus can be a significant risk factor. The composition of fungi has been potentially important for human health, especially for respiratory diseases like asthma and atopic dermatitis. Therefore, we attempted to ascertain what kind of airborne fungi affect human health at a nationwide level. Objectives: This study was carried out to provide information on indoor fungi distribution at multi-use facilities throughout South Korea. Methods: We classified our data by region and public facility after collection, cultivation, and identification via the sequencing of the ITS (internal transcribed spacer) region. We investigated whether or not the proliferation of HaCaT cells was affected by the identified airborne fungi. Results: In our data, the most isolated airborne fungi by region were Penicillium spp (Seoul, Daegu), Periconia sp (Gyeonggi-do), Iprex sp (Gangwon-do), Phanerochaete sp (Busan), Bjerkandera sp (Gwangju), and Aspergillus sp (Jeju-do). In the public facilities, the most detected fungi were Cladosporium sp (public transport), Penicillium sp (apartment house, retail market, financial institution, karaoke room), Bjerokandera sp (underground parking lot, public toilet, medical institution), Periconia sp (retail store), and Fusarium sp (general restaurant). Next, we selected twenty airborne fungi to examine their cytotoxicity and proliferation of human skin cells. In this experiment, the proliferation of the cells was influenced by most of the identified fungi. In case of the cytotoxicity test, most genera except for Rhodotorula sp and Moesziomyces sp showed cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells. Conclusions: The distribution of mold in the indoor air in multi-use facilities in South Korea differs from region to region, and this is an indicator that should be considered in future health impact studies. In addition, as a result of culturing about 20 types of bacteria dominant in indoor air, it was found that most (90%) inhibit the growth of skin cells, which can be harmful to health. An in-depth study of the health effects of floating fungi is needed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제53권2호
• /
• pp.141-154
• /
• 2020

본 연구에서는 국민건강영양조사 제 6기 1-3차년도 (2013년-2015년) 참여자 중 1-12세 미만인 어린이의 AD 여부와 에너지 및 영양소 적정섭취비율과의 관계를 분석하였다. AD군은 전체 연구대상자의 약 15.2%로, 남아 비율이 높았으며, non-AD군보다 평균나이가 약 0.7세 더 많았고, 나이를 세분화하여 비교했을 때, 나이가 들수록 AD 환아 수가 증가하였다. 신체 계측 결과, AD군이 non-AD군보다 신장과 체중 값이 더 컸지만, BMI는 군 간의 차이를 보이지 않았다. AD 여부와 식품군 및 영양소섭취 현황을 나이와 성별을 보정하여 비교한 결과, 두 군 간의 유의미한 차이가 있는 영양소는 없었다. 다만, 칼슘의 RNI 대비 섭취비율이 두 군 모두에게서 약 70% 수준으로 나타났는데, 이는 우리나라 어린이의 전반적인 칼슘 섭취량 부족에서 온 것으로 볼 수 있다. AD 여부에 따른 에너지와 영양소 섭취량의 차이는 나타나지 않았으나, KDRIs에 따른 적정섭취비율을 비교한 결과, AD군에서 지방과 비타민 C를 적정한 수준으로 섭취하는 비율이 더 높았고, 부족하거나 과잉으로 섭취하는 비율은 더 낮았다. AD 위험도와 에너지 및 영양소 적정섭취비율과의 관계를 분석하였을 때에는 지방은 과잉으로 섭취했을 경우, 비타민 C는 부족하거나 과잉으로 섭취했을 경우 AD 위험도가 감소하였다. 결론적으로, 어린이에게서 AD는 지방과 비타민 C의 영양소섭취비율과 관련이 있는 것으로 보이며, 이러한 결과는 AD 관리를 위한 식이 제한의 영향도 있을 것으로 예상한다. 이에 대해 좀 더 명확하게 인과관계를 규명하기 위한 추가 연구가 요구된다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.13-34
• /
• 2007

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine of the effect of SPAR medicines on the atopy eruption control Methods This experiment is about the expression of IgE, IL-4, IL-6, IL_13, IgM, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG1 level in serum, and $IFN-{\gamma}$ production by SPAR medicines. We assayed for $CD3e^+/CD69^+$, $CD044^+/CD19^+$ positive cells by flow cytometry in splenocytes and observed the revelation of $CD3e^+/CD69^+$, $CD4^+/CD8^+$, $CD44^+/CD19^+$ marker in PBMC, spleen and DLN. We also observed the outturn of IL-4, IL-5, CCR3, $IFN-{\gamma}$ in skin of a NC/Nga mice. We also analyzed NC/Nga mice's ear and neck-back skin after biopsy and dye by H&E staining method, measured about epidermis and dermis part in comparison with control group. Results SPAR medicines as treatment result to a NC/Nga mice, clinical skin severity score decreased remarkably than the ontrol group. Specially, experiment was results by measuring IgE and IL-6 content in serum 8 weeks, 10 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks, 20 weeks respectively, and it was decreased remarkably than the control group. After experiment ended, the result that observed the revelation CD3e, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD69, CD11a marker in lymph node establishment were observed and that B/T rate becomes recover as normal with political background. In addition to that, the control group was decreased in the measured value of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IgM, IgG2a, IgG1's level in serum, and $IFN-{\gamma}$' production secreted in Th1 cell displayed increase by SPAR medicines. IL-4, IL-5, CCR3, and $IFN-{\gamma}$'s gene revelation amount displayed marked decrease than the control group in result that observe effect that get in skin of a NC/Nga dermatitis mouse. Moreover in culture supernatant which cultivate for 14 days after separate skin cell, IL-13 and IL-6 production, and $CD69^+/CD3e^+$, $CD44^+/CD19^+$ expression cell number was decreased than the control group's number. Course inflammation immunocyte permeated of result that effect that SPAR medicines get to NC/Nga mice's skin establishment analyzes ear and neck-back skin after biopsy, and dye by H&E method decreased about epidermis and inflammation of dermis part remarkably than the control group. Conclusions Th1 cell and Th2 cell observe to be shifted by secretion amount of IL-4 and $IFN-{\gamma}$ by SPAR medicines could know that SPAR medicines can be use for treatung allergy autoimmune disease.