• 제목/요약/키워드: allelopathic effect

검색결과 81건 처리시간 0.028초

Diallel Analysis for Rice Allelopathic Potential against Barnyardgrass Assessed in Field Condition

  • Junaedi, Ahmad;Lee, Sang Bok;Chung, Ill Min;Kim, Kwang Ho
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.8-14
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    • 2008
  • A complete diallel cross was performed to determine the inheritance of allelopathic potential and combining ability of six rice germplasm that showed different level of allelopathic potential against barnyardgrass. Parents and F1 of 30 crosses were assessed for allelophatic potential in field condition. Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. var. frumentaceae) was used for rice allelopathic potential indicator which was observed in height and shoot dry weight, then suppression percentage were calculated by comparing to barnyardgrass grown in control plot (no rice). It was found that general combining ability showed no significant effect, whereas specific combining ability and reciprocal effect were significant. Variance analysis confirmed that genetic control of allelopathic potential in rice against barnyardgrass was mostly directed by dominance gene effect. The dominant genes were associated with high allelopathic potential and recessive genes were associated with low allelopathic potential. Heritability in broad sense for barnyardgrass dry weight suppression was around 41%; whereas for barnyardgrass height suppression was 51%. However, heritability in narrow sense was very low. The finding suggests that accumulation of genes associated with allelopathic potential would be a strategy to develop promising varieties in reference with the specific combining ability of cross combinations.

강화약쑥 추출물이 종자발아 및 유식물 생장에 미치는 알레로파시 효과 (Allelopathic Effect of Ganghwa mugwort (Artemisia spp.) on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Plants)

  • 이주화;변지희;이정훈;박춘근;박충범;조준형
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.589-605
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to identify allelopathic effect of Ganghwa domestic Artemisia spp., named Sajabalssuk and Ssajuarissuk, for various receptor plants including clover (Trifolium repens L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), lawn grass (Zoysia japonica Steud.), dandelion (Taraxacum platycarpum Dahlst.), and dahurianpatrinia (Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch. ex Trevir). Receptor plants were treated with the aqueous and essential oil extract of Artemisia plants. In consequence, their allelopathic effects were evaluated by measuring seed germination rates, seedling growth, and dry weights of the receptor plants. The seed germination and seedling growth of the receptor plants were inhibited by all treatments of both aqueous and essential oil extracts of the Artemisia plants, and, in addition, the inhibitory effects were increased according to the higher concentration. Among the donor plants, A. $sp.^*III$ showed most effective allelopathic effect. Comparing the alleopathic effect among the receptor plants, seed germination was most inhibited in lawn grass while inhibitory effect of seedling growth was comparatively higher in dandelion. Although inhibitory effects were comparatively lower, the allelopathic effects of Artemisia plants were identified in clover and alfalfa since the seedling growth of these plants were inhibited more than 70%. Thus, in result, Ganghwa domestic Artemisia spp. could be possibly used for weed control since natural products of the plants showed inhibitory effects on seed germination and seedling growth of various receptor plants.

몇가지 잡초(雜草)들의 Allelopathy 효과(效果)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (Studies on the Allelopathic Effects of the Several Weeds)

  • 심상인;손정규;이상각;강병화
    • 한국잡초학회지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.211-218
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    • 1991
  • 본(本) 실험(實驗)은 농경지(農耕地)에서 발생(發生)하는 주요(主要) 잡초(雜草)들의 allelopathic effect를 조사하기 위해서 잡초(雜草)들의 수용성(水溶性) 물질(物質)과 건조(乾燥)시킨 잡초(雜草)의 조직(組織)을 여러 농도(濃度)로 처리하여 지표식물(地表植物)의 발아(發芽)의 초기생육(初期生育)을 조사(調査)하였다. 실험(實驗)에 쓰인 여러가지 잡초종중(雜草種中)에 에서 쇠비름과 명아주의 allelopathic effect가 가장 크게 나타났다. 명아주의 증유수(蒸溜水) 추출액(抽出液)은 지표(指標)가되는 식물(植物)의 발아속도(發芽速度)를 대조구(對照區)와 비교할때 감소(減少)시켰으나 쇠비름의 경우는 4.7% 증가(增加)시켰다. 온실(溫室) 실험(實驗)에서 쇠비름은 대맥(大麥), 대두(大豆), 무우, 옥수수 유묘(幼苗)의 출현속도(出現速度)를 대조구(對照區)의 30, 49, 36, 68%로 감소시켰다. 쇠비름과 명아주의 토양내(土壤內) 첨가물(添加物)은 지표식물(地表植物)의 초장(草長)과 건물중(乾物重)을 감소(減少)시켰다.

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제초제(除草劑) 신기능(新機能) 작물품종(作物品種) 이용(利用) 잡초방제(雜草防除) 기술(技術) (Weed Management Using a Potential Allelopathic Crop)

  • 김길웅;박광호
    • 한국잡초학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.80-93
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    • 1997
  • Allelopathic compounds as naturally occurring herbicide have originally reported from local vegetation since B.C. 300. These compounds are known as secondary plant metabolites which released from plants into the environment often attract or repel, nourish or poison other organisms. In recent, many natural plant allelochemicals be used to attempt to biologically or ecologically control weed among worldwide weed scientists. Some allelochemicals have also used as fungicides, insecticides, and nematodicides, and were less than man-made agrochemicals to damage the global ecosystem. It makes efficient use of resources internal to the farm, relies on a minimum of purchased inputs. Some scientists selected for allelopathic activity when breeding weed-controlling cultivars of rice, sorghum, cucumber, surflower etc. Thus, this paper is focused on allelopathic compounds isolated from cultivated crop with the high potential of prospective herbicides. The most environmentally acceptable and sustainable approach to utilization of allelopathy for weed control is to develop plant cultivars with proven allelopathic characteristics. In rice accessions, there are 60 cultivars/lines which have known as allelopathic activity and some of these cultivars control weed more less 90% within certain radius of activity. These accessions are originated from 15 countries including Korea, Japan, USA, India, Philippines, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Afghanistan, Mali, Pakistan, Colombia, Egypt, China, and Dom. Rep. From these cultivars, the most common allelopathic compounds identified in rice are p-Hydroxybenzoic, Vanillic, p-Coumaric, and Ferulic acids. In addition, allelopathic lines of the following crop have shown inhibition of weed growth : beet (Beta vulgaris), lupin(Lupinus spp.), com(Zea mays), Wheat(Triticum aestivum), oats(Avena spp.) peas(Pisum sativum), barley(Hordeum vulgare), rye(Secale cereale), and cucumber(Cucumis sativus). Thus, future allelopathy research must be designed its potentially phytotoxic propertices and the ecotoxic features of the allelochemicals from release to degradation ; its ecological sustainability, its allelopathic effect in early growth. stages, and selectivity properties in combination with chemical stages, and selectivity properties in combination with chemical concentrations. Also, research approach in allelopathy might be screened for highly allelopathic germplasm collection of crops, the idea being to ultimately transfer this agronomic character into improved cultivars by either conventional breeding or other genetic transfer techniques.

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강화약쑥 수용성 추출물의 식물 타감효과 및 HPLC에 의한 타감물질 분석 연구 (Allelopathic Effect of Aqueous Extract of Ganghwa Mugwort (Artemisia spp.) Vegetables and HPLC Aanalysis of Allelochemicals)

  • 이주화;변지희;김명수;박춘근;박충범;차선우;이정훈;조준형
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.737-752
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    • 2013
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract of Ganghwa domestic mugwort (Artemisia spp.) on vegetables and its related allelo-chemicals. When the receptor vegetables, such as Chinese cabbage, lettuce, and red radish, were treated with aqueous extract obtained from Sajabalssuk (A. $sp^*I$), Ssajuarissuk (A. $sp^*II$) or Ssajarissuk (A. $sp^*III$), their germination rate, leaf number, plant height, and root length were restricted with increasing concentration of aqueous extract. Allelopathic effect was the highest in radish, than lettuce and Chinese cabbage in order. The growth of topplant were more inhibited then root growth observing in restriction of plant height, root length, and chlorophyll contents. The plant height, the root length of red radish were 53.3 and 61.2% and their fresh weights were 19.8 and 26.4% compared to those of controls, respectively. A. $sp^*III$ showed the highest allelopathic effect among the donor plants. In HPLC analysis, 7 phenol compounds were identified in A. $sp^*I$ and A. $sp^*II$, and, in A. $sp^*III$, and hydroxybenzoic acid and phenylacetic acid were further identified as allelochemicals. It is considered that their plant growths were variously inhibited by the amounts and types of allelochemicals in aqueous extracts. To increase the productivity of farm land after cultivation of mugwort, these results can be useful to select the following field crops.

몇가지 잡초들의 추출물과 잔유물의 알팔파에 대한 타감작용 (Allelopathic Effect of Some Weed Species Extracts and Residues on Alfalfa)

  • 정일민;김기준;김광호;안종국
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.285-294
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    • 1994
  • 본 실험은 포장에서 주로 발생하는 velvetleaf등을 비롯하여 7종류의 잡초를 마른 상태와 생체상태로 각각 수확하여 지상부와 지하부로 나누어 물질을 추출 이들을 alfalfa 종자 발아와 생육정도 검정에 사용하여 지상부와 지하부의 생육억제정도를 비교하였으며 이 중 억제효과가 제일 큰 velvet-leaf의 추출물은 여러 농도로 silica sand와 혼합하여 alfalfa에 대한 타감작용을 검토하였다. 1. 7종류 잡초의 지상부와 지하부의 추출물 처리는 alfalfa의 발아율, 발아세, 유근의 길이, 무게 등을 억제시켰다. 지상부와 지하부의 억제효과를 비교하면 지상부의 추출물이 지하부의 추출물 보다 더 큰 타감작용을 보였으며, 이 중에서 velvetleaf 추출물이 가장 억제적이었고, crab-grass 추출물은 가장 낮은 억제 정도를 보였다. 또 alfalfa 발아와 유근의 생육에 대한 velvetleaf의 건조 추출물과 생체 추출물을 비교하면 건조 추출물이 더 억제적이었다. 2. 농도에 따르는 velvetleaf 추출물 처리에서는 농도가 증가할수록 alfalfa 발아율, 유근의 길이, 무게 등이 대조구와 비교하여 상대적으로 더 억제되었다. 3. 건조된 velvetleaf 잔기를 silica sand와 혼합처리에서 잔기의 비율이 증가 될수록 alfalfa의 출현율과 생존율이 더 억제되었으며 그 정도는 잔기 비율 1%에서 가장 억제적이었다. 4. 잡초의 추출물과 잔기의 처리는 alfalfa의 발아와 생육에 억제적으로 작용 하여 타감작용이 인정되었다.

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Assessment of Allelopathic Potential and Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Extracts from Three Compositae Plants

  • Chon, Sang-Uk;Park, Seong-Kyu
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제48권4호
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    • pp.303-307
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    • 2003
  • Some Compositae plants are known to contain biologically active substances that are allelopathic to weeds species as well as antioxidant to foods. Aqueous extracts from leaves of 3 plant species, Cirsium japonica, Kalimeris yomena, and Lactuca saliva, were bioassayed against alfalfa (Medicago saliva) to determine their allelopathic effects. The extracts applied on filter paper in bioassay significantly inhibited root growth of alfalfa. Extracts of 20 g dry tissue $\textrm{L}^{-1}$ from Lactuca sativa showed the most inhibitory effect on alfalfa seedling growth and followed by Cirsium japonica and Kalimeris yomena. Oxidative stability by Rancimat method and antioxidant activity by TBA method for the ground samples were the greatest in Lactuca sativa although were less than that of a commonly used antioxidant, 1% ascorbic acid. Antioxidant activity of methanol extracts on storing meat was stably kept for 28days and was excellent compared to control. These results suggest that three Compositae plants have potent allelopathic and antioxidant effects, and that their activities differ, depending on plant species.

알팔파 발아와 초기생육에 대한 잡초종의 Allelopathic 잠재성 평가 (Assessment of Allelopathic Potential of Some Weed Species on Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) Germination and Early Seedling Growth)

  • 정일민;디 에이 밀러
    • 한국잡초학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.121-130
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    • 1995
  • 본 실험은 알팔파 발아와 초기생육에 대한 canada thist1e 등 7종잡초의 allelopathic 잠재성을 평가하기 위해서 실시하였다. 1. 7종류 잡초의 지상부와 지하부 추출물의 알팔파 발아와 생육에 대한 억제효과를 비교하면 두 추출물이 공히 알팔파 발아와 생육에 억제적으로 작용하였으나, 지상부의 추출물이 지하부의 추출물보다 더 큰 억제작용을 보였으며, 이 중에서 velvetleaf 추출물이 가장 억제적이었고(b=3.69), crabgrass 추출물은 가장 낮은 억제정도를 보였다(b=2.39). 2. 농도에 따른 velvetleaf 추출물 처리에서는 농도가 증가할수록 alfalfa 발아율, 유근의 길이, 무게 등이 대조구외 비교하여 상대적으로 더 억제되었으며, 알팔파 발아와 유근의 생육에 대한 velvetleaf의 건조 추출물과 생체 추출물을 비교하면 건조 추출물이 더 억제적으로 작용하였다. 3. 건조된 velvetleaf를 silica sand와 혼합처리시 혼합비율이 증가될수록 알팔파의 초기 출현율과 생존율이 더 억제되었으며 혼합비율 1%에서는 출현율과 생존율이 44.0%, 56.7%로 가장 낮았다. 4. 잡초 잔기의 처리시간에 따른 알팔파 초기 생육에 대한 억제작용은 처리시간의 증가와 더불어 알팔파 생장이 억제되었고, 그 억제정도는 velvetleaf 72시간 처리시 가장 높았다.

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돌피(Echinochloa crus-galli)에 대한 벼품종의 알레로파시 잠재성 평가 (Allelopathic Potential Evaluation of Rice Varieties on Echinochloa crus-galli)

  • 정일민;김광호;안종국;주호종
    • 한국잡초학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.52-58
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    • 1997
  • 본 실험은 allelopathic물질을 함유한 것으로 알려진 국내 재배벼(Nagdong 외 46종)의 왕겨와 잎의 조 추출액을 이용하여 제초활성 벼품종 선발과 천연식물성 제초제를 개발하기 위한 기초 연구로서 피(E. crus-galli)의 발아에 대한 영향을 조사하기 위하였다. 피 종자에 대한 발아율은 왕겨 추출액의 경우 남원벼가 36%, 계화벼가 38%의 발아율을 보였으며, 잎 추출액은 삼백벼 43%과 서안벼 46%로서 가장 큰 억제 작용을 보였다. 왕겨 추출액과 잎 추출액의 피에 대한 발아 억제 정도 비교 실험에서는 왕겨 추출액이 46%로서 잎 추출액 71% 보다 더 효과적으로 작용하였다. 추출액의 농도처리 효과에서는 농도가 증가됨에 따라서 발아율이 억제되었고 왕겨 추출액의 발아억제정도는 연차간의 차이를 보였다.

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식물체로부터 추출한 물질이 상추 종자의 발아 및 생장에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Water and Ethanol Extracts from Various Plants on the Germination and Growth of Lettuce Seeds)

  • 박건남;이민경;황선주;김학윤;이인중;신동현;김길웅
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • 제17권
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1999
  • 상추를 포함한 4종의 식물의 수용 및 에탄올 추출액이 상추종자의 발아와 생장에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. l. 은행, 상추, 돼지풀, 달맞이꽃의 수용 추출물은 상추종자의 발아 및 생장율을 현저하게 억제되는 경향을 보여 억제물질을 함유하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 2. 추출용매별로는 에탄올 추출액이 수용추출액보다 억제효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 3. 공시식물의 종류에 관계없이 추출물의 농도 10%가 상추의 발아와 생장을 가장 크게 억제시켰고 희석되어질수록 그 효과는 낮아졌다.

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