• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.144-155
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• 1987

Water extracts of polygonum hydropiper and Polygonum aviculare completely inhibited the germination of lettuce seeds. Methanol extracts from these two species also inhibited the seed germination of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and Oenothera odorata. Fifteen phenolic acids in total were identified by GLC from P. hydropiper and eighteen from P. aviculare. The most common phenolic acids identified from P. hydropiper were sinapic, salicylic+vanillic and ferulic acid presented in all the fractions. In addition, salicylic+vanillic, tannic+gallic, sinapic, ferulic and p-coumaric acid seemed to be important phenolic compounds in terms of quantity. However, salicylic+vanillic acids were the unique phenolic acids occurred in all the fractions of P. aviculare. The others such as tannic+gallic, sinapic, ferulic, p-coumaric acid, p-cresol and catechol present in large amount appeared also the important phenolic substances influencing allelopathic effects of P. aviculare. Linolenic acid and oxalic acid were the major fatty and organic acids in both plant species, presented in 2.38mg/g and 20.588mg/g in P. hydropiper, 3.70mg/g and 14.288mg/g in P. aviculare, respectively, which seem to be exhibiting allelopathic effects of these plants. Total alkaloids were presented in low amount such as 0.20% in P. hydropiper arid 0.22% in P. aviculare which may not be important elements. Pet. ether extracts were 2.42% in P. hydropiper and 1.65% in P. aviculare, which exhibit another potential for allelopathic effects that need further investigation. Various authentic phenolic compounds at different concentrations inhibited the germination of lettuce seed, indicating that the phenolic substances identified here may be directly related to biologically active substance.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1096-1103
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• 2019

Neuroinflammation is mediated by the activation of microglia and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Therefore, the inhibition of neuroinflammation may be an effective solution to treat these brain disorders. Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis is an insect belonging to the order Coleoptera and inhabits Korea, China, Japan and Siberia. P. brevitarsis seulensis is an edible insect that can be consumed as a protein source for humans. It has been reported that P. brevitarsis seulensis contains useful bioactive substances for hepatoprotection and improving blood circulation, such as indole alkaloids. Microglia cells are the main source of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) in the central nervous system, which Perform neuroimmune, inflammatory, and other neurobilogical functions. In this study, we investigated the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of P. brevitarsis seulensis ethanol extract (PBE) in activated microglia cells treated with lipopolysaccgarude (LPS, 100 ng/ml). As a result, PBE significantly inhibited NO production without cytotoxicity and decreased the expression levels of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. In addition, the production of inflammatory cytokine secreted by LPS was also reduced by PBE. These results suggest that PBE could be a good source of functional substances to prevent neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.