• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to determine whether invasive muskrats settle in the natural ecosystem of Korea. The study also aimed to provide information on the selection of target areas, basic behavioral characteristics, and habitat use-related data, all of which are essential for effective management strategy establishment and site management. To this end, a trend in international muskrat management was identified to examine the management direction according to the settlement stage. We also secured the location of 72 domestic farmers and classified five regions in Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheongnam-do, Gyeongsangbuk-do, and Sejong Special Self-governing City into regions with high potential for natural leakage to raise the need for a quick survey. We determined that muskrats successfully settled in the natural ecosystem of Korea, based on the fact that we consistently identified a muskrat habitat at the same point for three years, from 2016 to 2018, the age of the captured population was estimated to be 1.2 years, and there had been no additional make-up factors near the habitat since 2012. The muskrats that settled in Korea showed a small home range of 0.0027 ㎢ (MCP 95%) and were estimated to show regular mobility before Spring and Autumn. Also, the areas where the muskrat habitat was observed had a high level of habitat environment disturbance and their ecological and food intake characteristics reflected that disturbance. Muskrat traces were high in hydrophyte vegetation, which can be used as a hideout in open waters and where the growth of both floating leaved plants and floating plants are prevalent. Since international invasive muskrats have already settled in the domestic ecosystem and there is concern about their proliferation in the future, the government must consider a preemptive response and scientific management.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.216-229
• /
• 2009

The flora of vascular plants in the Geumgang area (Mt. Guryongsan, Mt. Jeonwolsan, Mt. Samasan, Mt. Yongmeorisan and Mt. Hamrasan) was investigated to suggest strategies for conservation. This study was performed from May 2007 to April 2008, with total 17 times. The Korean endemic species, legally protected species and species to threaten domestic ecosystem species to threaten were grasped on this study. The flora consists of 334 taxa, 86 families 246 genera 297 species 34 varieies and 3 forms in total results from 5 sites in this study. Korean endemic species were confirmed 8 taxa. No rare and endangered species were found in this study. The 2 taxa of the fourth grade of specially designated plants announced the Ministry of Environment were investigated and 8 taxa of the third grade were confirmed. In totally, 24 taxa that are specially designated plants announced the Ministry of Environment including the first and the second grade taxa. 25 taxa of alien naturalized plants were confirmed. The degree of destroy of forest vegetation and reduction of plant diversity in the midstream of Geumgang were in proceeding by construction of multifunctional administrative city and cultivation. It is needed to set up strategies for conservation forest vegetation in this study area.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.289-302
• /
• 2013

Surveys were conducted to study nationwide distribution and identify habitats and host plants of Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. as a parasite. The major habitat types were arable land near agricultural waterways (54.3%), open field near roadside (41.3%) and artificial grassland (4.3%). The investigated host plants of Cuscuta pentagona consist of total 130 taxa: 10 varieties, 1 subspecies, 119 species, 95 genera, and 37 families. Among them, 30 taxa were alien plants. As for the useful plants, there were 59 taxa of edible ones (45.4%), 54 taxa of medicinal ones (41.5%), 13 taxa of ornamental ones (10%), 13 taxa of industrial ones (10%), and 9 taxa of pasture ones (6.9%). On arable land, it caused damage particularly to the growth of agricultural crops such as Oryza sativa L. (Rice) and fruits such as Malus pumila Mill. (Apple) etc. Its growth and distribution may cause economic loss for crops because of the close location of the arable land.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.614-640
• /
• 2022

We investigated vascular plants of Bigeumdo and Dochodo Island in Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea. By referring to 4 field surveys between June and September in 2021, a total of 490 taxa were identified and grouped into 113 families, 332 genera, 452 species, 6 subspecies, 27 varieties, and 3 forms. Among those observed, 232 taxa comprising 84 families, 189 genera, 220 species, 4 subspecies, 8 varieties, 4 forms were observed in Bigeumdo, 428 taxa comprising 107 families, 305 genera, 397 species, 5 subspecies, 23 varieties and 3 forms were observed in Dochodo. Among them, 7 taxa were Korean endemic plants. Protected species designated by the Ministry of Environment were 2 taxa of level II. In terms of threated plants according to the IUCN Red List Categoty, there were 5 taxa, consisting of 1 endangered species (EN), 3 vulnerable species (VU), 1 Near Threatened (NT). In total, there are 36 taxa of floristic regional indicator plants, including 1 level V taxa, 5 level IV taxa, 28 level III taxa. In Korea, 3 taxa were the northern distributional limit to Bigeumdo and Dochodo. Alien plants were 58 taxa.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.189-200
• /
• 2016

The species distribution model would be a useful tool for understanding how invasive alien species spread over the country and what environmental variables contribute to their distributions. This study is focused on the potential distribution of two invasive alien species, the common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) and knotgrass (Paspalum distichum) in the Korean Peninsula. The maximum entropy (Maxent) model was used for the prediction of their distribution by inferring their climatic environmental requirements from localities where they are currently known to occur. We obtained their presence data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and the Korean plant species databases and bioclimatic data from the WorldClim dataset. As a results of the modelling, the potential distribution predicted by global occurrence data was more accurate than that by native occurrence data. The variables determining the common ragweed distribution were precipitation of the driest month and annual mean temperature. Both annual and the coldest quarter mean temperatures were critical factors in determining the knotgrass distribution. The Maxent model could be a useful tool for the prediction of alien species invasion and the management of their expansion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2017

This study has been carried out for the purpose of predicting the potential habitat sites of invasive alien plants in the DMZ and providing the basic data for decision-making in managing the future DMZ natural environment. From 2007 to 2015, this study collected the data for the advent of Ambrosia trifida var. trifida through fieldwork around the DMZ area, and simulated the potential distribution area of Ambrosia trifida var. trifida using Maxent model among the models of species distributions. As a result, it showed that the potential distribution area of the Ambrosia trifida var. trifida was concentrated in the western DMZ with relatively low altitude and scanty in the central east regions with relatively high elevation and forest cover rate. Because the invasive alien vegetation is a significant threatening factor in the agriculture and restoration of ecology and it costs a lot to restore the area already invaded by invasive alien vegetation, advance precautions are necessary to prevent biological invasions. It is expected that it is possible to predict the disturbed ecosystems through this study for the efficient land use within DMZ in the future and to apply this study in setting up the areas for the development and conservation within the DMZ.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 2015

We have found the plants belonging to the genus Spartina which has not yet been reported for the flora of Korea. This has been distributed at Dongmak seashore in Ganghwado since 2012. These were identified as common cordgrass (Spartina anglica C. E. Hubb.) belonging to the family Poaceae, the genus Spartina. It is a perennial halophyte as an alien weed that can grow in the tidal flat, native to southern England. Here, we named it for 'Young-guk-Gaet-ggeun-pool' in Korean refer the origin, reported the distribution, spreading condition, and botanical characteristics of common cordgrass. In China, Spartina anglica was introduced in 1963, it was approved that it had benefit in a bioengineering side firstly. But it was known that as a highly invasive plant to make a monotype meadow of Spartina anglica which has deteriorate the ecological function of saltmarsh. And also it has another problem that is not easy to eradicate. The spreading of Spartina anglica which was appeared in the West coast of Korea may threaten severely to the domestic mudflat and estuary ecosystem. For the maintenance of mudflat ecosystem soundly, continuous monitoring and active eradication plans are required.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.182-195
• /
• 2024

Background: Invasive alien plant species (IAP) significantly threaten Nepal's protected areas and local communities. Understanding their distribution, impact, management, and utilization is essential for developing effective management strategies and sustainable utilization practices. The systematic literature review of publications from 2010 to 2023. The search was conducted through the database Nepal Journal online database (NepJOL) and Google Scholar, yielding an initial pool of 4,304 publication. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria; we meticulously reviewed 43 articles for data extraction. Results: Seventeen IAP are found in protected area, Nepal with the highest prevalence observed in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, followed by Chitwan and Sukhlaphanta National Park. The most problematic species in terrestrial ecosystems are Mikania micrantha, Lantana camara, and Chromolaena odorata. The grassland ecosystems of wildlife habitats, primarily in the Terai and Siwalik regions, are the most invaded. Various management approaches are employed to mitigate the spread and impact of IAP, including mechanical methods such as uprooting, burning, and cutting. However, these methods are costly, and context-specific interventions are needed. The study also explores the potential use of IAP for economic, ecological, or cultural purposes, such as medicinal properties, energy production potential, and economic viability. Local communities utilize these plants for animal bedding, mulching, green manure, briquette, and charcoal production. Conclusions: Applying silvicultural practices alongside mechanical management is recommended to maintain a healthy terrestrial ecosystem and utilize the removed biomass for valuable products, thereby reducing removal costs and increasing income sources, potentially benefitting both local communities and wildlife in protected areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 2017

This study investigated in the vascular plants of special protection zones (the native land of Berchemia berchemiaefolia in Sadam-ri and Gallon valley) of Songnisan National Park and identified the whole vascular plants. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 273 taxa including 82 families, 182 genera, 236 species, 3 subspecies, 28 varieties and 6 forms. Woody plants were identified as 124 taxa (45.4%) and herbaceous plants as 149 taxa (54.6%). A total of 107 taxa were identified in the area of Sadam-ri, and 246 taxa were found in the Gallon valley. A total of 8 taxa of rare plants were identified, each of which was divided into 1 taxa of endangered (EN; Daphne pseudomezereum var. koreana), 3 taxa of vulnerable (VU; Paeonia japonica, Berchemia berchemiaefolia and Iris minutiaurea), 3 taxa of least concern (LC; Aristolochia contorta, Syringa patula var. kamibayshii and Goodyera schlechtendaliana) and 1 taxa of data deficient (DD; Alangium platanifolium). The Korean endemic plants were 9 taxa (Clematis trichotoma, Thalictrum actaefolium var. brevistylum, Aster koraiensis, Cirsium setidens, etc.). In the specific plants by floristic region were 34 taxa, a degree I were 17 taxa (Chloranthus japonicus, Celastrus stephanotifolius, etc.), 9 taxa of a degree II (Euonymus pauciflorus, Acer triflorum, etc.), 4 taxa of a degree III (Aconitum longecassidatum, Angelica gigas, etc.), 2 taxa of a degree IV (Ulmus macrocarpa and Daphne pseudomezereum var. koreana), 2 taxa of a degree V (Berchemia berchemiaefolia and Alangium platanifolium). The naturalized plants were 5 taxa including Fallopia dumetorum, Trifolium repens, Ailanthus altissima, Oenothera biennis, Erigeron annuus. Naturalization rate (NR) was 1.8% of all 273 taxa of vascular plants and the invasive alien plants were not found. The purpose of this study is to identify the flora that grows in the special protection zones of Songnisan National Park and provide the basic data for the management of the special protection zone in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2013

This study was carried out to analyze distribution situation of alien plants and to propose management plan in the 3 Folk village in Gyeongsangbuk-do which is Cultural property designated by the State; Hahoe, Yangdong and Hangae. This research is for improve of sincerity of historical site and provide basic information which use about administration of preservation. The results are as follows. 1. Overall flora and alien plants appearance The total flora in the 3 folk villages were listed total 752 taxa including 127 families, 430 genera, 614 species, 5 subspecies, 100 varieties and 33 forms. Among them, woody plants take 263 taxa(35.0%) and herbaceous plants take 489 taxa (65.0%). Flora in the Hahoe, Yangdong and Hangae village were total 534, 479 taxa and 408 taxa and exotic plant index was 30.1%, 38.2% and 37.0% respectively. In types of exotic plants, ornamental exotic plants were 135 taxa, deciduous exotic plants were 21 taxa, cultivating exotic plants were 64 taxa, and naturalized exotic plants were 80 taxa and those result lead that the ornamental exotic plants is the highest ratio. According to the villages, Hahoe village had 161 taxa(30.1%), Yangdong Village had 183 taxa(38.2%), and Hangae village had 151 taxa(37.0%) that Yangdong village showed the most number of exotic plants. 2. Planting of landscape exotic plants in the unit cultural assets Meanwhile, Ornamental exotic plants in old house's gardens in Andong Hahoe village which is designated as a unit assets, those are total 30 taxa; followed by the Okyeon house(8 taxa) is highest and the Yangjindang(7), the Hadong house(6) and the Chunghyodang(5). Magnolia denudata appears the most as for 4 times and Campsis grandiflora etc. each took 2 times. Based on the Yangdong village, Gyeongju, that are found total 51 taxa; followed by the Dugok house(16 taxa) the Sujoldang(14), the Mucheondang(13), and the Sangchunheon (12). High appearance rate of ornamental exotic plants were Viburnum opulus for. hydrangeoides, Lycoris squamigera, Caragagna sinica and Magnolia denudata etc. Based on the Hangae village, Seongju, that are designated total 62 taxa; followed by the Jinsa house(35 taxa), the Gyori house(25), the Hanju head family house(20), and the Hahoe house(16). Taxa with high appearance rates were Caragana sinica, Juniperus chinensis var. horizontalis, Magnolia denudata, Viburnum opulus for. hydrangeoides, Chaenomeles speciosa etc. 3. Problems of exotic plant landscapes in the outer spaces of the folk villages Problems of exotic plant landscapes in the outer spaces of the Hahoe village are as follows. In lower of the Mansongjeong forest, Ambrosia artemisifolia, which are ecosystem disturbance plants designated by the Ministry of Environment, live with high dominance value. This should be have a remove with Sicyos angulatus immediately. In the Nakdong river bed around the Mansongjeong forest is covered with a riparian vegetation forest belt of Robinia pseudoacacia L. forest, Populus nigra var. italic community, and Populus x tomentiglandulosa community colony. Based on the Yangdong village, the planted or naturally distributed Ailanthus altissima colony, sporadically distributed Robinia pseudoacacia as well as Amorpha fruticosa are detected all over the village and ecotones. Based on the Hangae village, Ailanthus altissima and Robinia pseudoacacia are sporadically distributed around the village and there is a sign of spreading. similarity of exotic plantsis 47.0% to 48.6% and a reason why this happened is all of research site in Gyeongsanbuk-do and that is why growth norm of plant is similar, exotic plant which is sales for ornamental and it infer to require related countermeasure of each villages and joint related countermeasure.