• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1431-1436
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• 2007

In order to optimize the extract condition and improve physiological activity of the extract form Tricholoma matsutake, experiments related to extraction methods, totale yield, content of total soluble polysaccharide, SOD-like activity, total polyphenol amount, and volatile flavor compound and the others were carried out, results were obtained as following: Compare with traditional hydrothermal extraction method (Hot water extraction : HWEW), it illustrates that the low temperature extraction method which combines a supersonic waves and microwave (Supersonic microwave extraction : SMEW) causes of increasing the total yield, total soluble polysaccharide. As to the anti-oxident effect, SMEW method leds to increasing of the SOD-like activity, total polyphenol amount as well. Also, cytotoxic effect and growth inhibitory effect against cancer cell line are much higher in SMEW method than HWEW method, especially SMEW5 extracts treated by supersonic 15 min. and microwave 120W, 3 min. and 2 times. The main volatile flavor compound and infinitesimal volatile flavor compound both increase significantly by SMEW method. It is concluded the main components of the volatile flavor compounds extracted from Tricholoma matsutake are 1-octen-3-0l, Methyl cinnamate, 2-octeno1 et al. alcohol typies. Consequently, SMEW5 method is considered as the most effective one for anti-oxidant and is prior to any other methods. And the optimun conditions of this method are : supersonic waves (supersonic, 25KHz, 50W) 15 minutes, microwave spectroscopy (microwave, 2,450MHz, 120W) 3 minutes, and every treatment is performed once followed twice repeats.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.545-548
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• 2004

A sensitive, selective and rapid method for the determination of nickel based on the rapid reaction of nickel(II) with QADMAA and the solid phase extraction of the Ni(II)-QADMAA chelate with $C_{18}$ membrane disks has been developed. In the presence of pH 6.0 buffer solution and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) medium, QADMAA reacts with nickel to form a violet complex of a molar ratio of 1 : 2 (nickel to QADMAA). This chelate was enriched by solid phase extraction with $C_{18}$ membrane disks. An enrichment factor of 50 was obtained by elution of the chelates form the disks with the minimal amount of isopentyl alcohol. The molar absorptivity of the chelate was $1.32{\times}10^5L\;mol^{-1}cm^{- 1}$ at 590 nm in the measured solution. Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 0.01-0.6 ${\mu}$g/mL. This method was applied to the determination of nickel in water and biological samples with good results.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.3196-3202
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• 2012

Post-synthesis is used to synthesize organic hybrid inorganic mesoporous sieves. In this method, the activity and structure of the base sieve are crucial to obtain the definable hybrid materials. The chemical and physical properties of the base can be largely changed either by the final step of its synthesizing processes, by template removal which is accomplished with the oxidative thermal decomposition (burning) method or by solvent extraction method. In this paper we compared two methods for the post-synthesis of organic hybrid MCM-48. When the template was extracted with HCl/alcohol mixture, the final product showed larger pore size, larger pore volume and better crystallinity compared to the case of the thermal decomposition. The reactivity of the surface silanol group of template free MCM-48 was also checked with an alkylsilylation reagent $CH_2=CHSi(OC_2H_5)_3$. Raman and $^{29}Si$ NMR spectra of MCM-48 in the test reaction indicated that more of the organic group was grafted to the surface of the sample after the template was removed with the solvent extraction method. Direct synthesis of vinyl-MCM-48 was also investigated and its characteristics were compared with the case of post-synthesis. From the results, it was suggested that the structure and chemical reactivity can be maintained in the solvent extraction method and that organic grafting after the solvent extraction can be a good candidate to synthesize a definable hybrid porous material.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2011

This study was performed to enhance anticancer activities of Lithospermum erythrorhizon by eluting high amount of shikonin through ultra high pressure process. Extraction yield was increased up to 5~10% by ultra high pressure process, compare to the normal extraction processes such as water solvent extraction, 70% ethyl alcohol solvent extraction. The cytotoxicity of the extracts ($1.0{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) from ultra high pressure process was showed the lowest cytotoxicity 13.4% for human lung cell (HEL299). The anticancer activities showed 80~85% by adding $1.0{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of the extracts from ultra high pressure process in several cancer cell lines such as AGS, Hep3B, MCF-7 and HeLa cells. Among them, MCF-7 cell of the endocrine system was highest inhibited than other cells. The anticancer activities of the extracts from ultra high pressure extraction process showed 10~15%, which was higher than the extracts from normal extraction processes. From HPLC analysis of the extracts, the contents of shikonin in the extracts from ultra high pressure process was 11.42% (w/w), which was 20% higher than others. This results indicate that ultra high pressure process could increase the extraction yield of shikonin and other contents, which resulted in higher anticancer activities.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.367-371
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• 2005

인삼 속에 다량으로 함유되어 있는 다당체 성분인 진산에 대한 효능이 연구되고 있는 시점에서 산업적으로 이용할 수 있는 대량 추출공정을 위한 추출조건을 분석하였다. 인삼의 종류는 홍삼(5년근)이 $32\%$로 총당의 함량이 가장 높았으며 금산 수삼(5년근)은 $31\%$로 $1\%$ 정도 조금 적게 나타났다. 그러나 홍삼 제조 공정에 따른 효율을 비교해 본 결과 금산 수삼(5년근)과 별 차이가 없어 금산 수삼을 사용하였다. 수삼부위 중 주근, 최적온도 $80^{\circ}C$, 최적 추출시간 6시간 추출 시 총당의 추출 효율이 가장 높았다. 또한 총당의 추출효율을 높이기 위해 인삼 추출물에 protease, ${\alpha}-amylase$, cellulase 효소 처리했을 때 추출 효율이 $20\%$까지 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 인삼 추출액에 주정 알콜농도 $70\%$, 동결건조 방법이 총당 회수율이 높았다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.491-499
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• 1999

A great variety of the volatile metabolic by-products was formed in yeast cell during alcohol fermentation. The seibel grape (Vitis labrasca) which was grown in the Southern Korea used for wines. The objective of this research was to identify the volatile flavor compounds during alcohol fermentation and aging at 12$^{\circ}C$. saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe were inoculated and fermented in seibel grape must. The volatile flavor compounds of logarithmic, stationary and death phases were extracted, concentrated and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The volatile flavor compounds were determined by a Hewlett-Packard 5890 II Plus GC which was equipped with Supelcowax 10 fused silica capillary column (60m$\times$0.32mm$\times$0.25${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ film thickness) wall coated with polyethyleneglycerol. The scan detection method allowed the comparison of the spectrum from the chromatogram of volatile flavor compounds to those in data Wileynbs base library. Among the volatile compounds collected by ether-hexane extraction method, the evolution of 20 main compounds, such as 9 esters (ethyl butyrate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl caproate, n-hexyl acetate, ethl caprylate, ethyl caprate, diethy succinate, ethyl hexadecanoate, 2-pheneethyl acetate), 4 alcohols (3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, benzoethanol), 4 ketones and acids (2-octanone, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid), 2 furan and phenol (2,6-bis(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)phenol, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran) were observed during alcohol fermentation and aging. The production of the esters during alcohol fermentation with S. cerevisiae was higher than those of Sch. pombe. The sensory scores of the aged wine samples in aroma, taste and overall acceptability were not significantly different(p<0.05).

• 미생물학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 1994

초산 생성 균주인 Acetobacter sp. HA로부터 membrane-bound alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH)를 분리 정제하였다. 세포막 분획과 세포막에서 효소의 용출 그리고 크로마토그라피 방법 등을 적용하여 수율 35%, 153배 정제된 효소를 획득하였다. 정제된 효소의 분자량은 330,000 dalton이었으며, 각각 분자량 79,000과 49,000 그리고 45,000 dalton을 가진 세 종류의 subunit로 이루어져 있었다. 그리고 흡수 스펙트럼의 분석 결과 본 효소에는 cytochrome c가 존재함을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 효소는 메탄올을 제외한 1차 지방족 알코올을 기질로 이용할 수 있었으며, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde 그리고 glutaraldehyde의 경우에도 다소간 기질로 이용될 수 있었다. 본 효소의 에탄올에 대한 $K_m$값은 1.38mM이었으며, 최적 pH와 온도는 각각 5.0~6.0과 32${\circ}C$이었다. 본 효소의 활성은 $V_2O_5$와 $ZnCl_2,\; NiCl_2$같은 금속 이온에 의하여 저해되었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.626-629
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• 2003

헛개나무 열매, 잎 및 줄기를 부위별로 열수 추출한 추출액의 알코올 분해 효과를 관찰한 결과 6hr인 경우, 헛개열매의 알코올 분해 효과가 38% 증가하였고 6hr 이후에는 평형에 도달함을 알 수 있었다. $D-galactosamine(600{\mu}g/kg)/LPS(60{\mu}g/kg)$와 $CCl_4(1.0m{\ell}/kg)$를 처리한 후 헛개열매 열수 추출물을 투여한 결과 간 기능 수치인 AST, ALT 및 LDH 값이 상당히 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 급성독성 시험과 아급성독성 시험에서도 헛개열매 추출물이 안정한 물질로 작용하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.32-35
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• 1974

Acidic substances contained in asphalt are affect upon emulsitiability of asphalt and its adhesion with aggregates, and therfore, detemination of acidity of asphalt is of important one. However, there has not been established a method of precisely determining the acidity of asphalt. This paper reports on an improved color-indicator titration method, by which the acid number of asphalt is determined. By treating benzene solution of asphalt with alcohol, acidic constituents were selectively extracted into alcohol solution, while asphaltic matters precipitated. A color-indicator titration method then was applied to the resultant faint-colored solution. The change of color at end point was clearly observed, and the results were obtained with good reproductivity and checked well with the results by the I.P. 177/64 method. Alcohols having not more than three cabon atoms have been found suitable for extraction.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.593-597
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• 2008

키토산을 첨가한 복숭아 리큐르 제조를 위한 최적 침출조건을 설정하였다. 알코올함량은 완과를 8주간 침출시킨 구간에서 30%로 가장 높았고 절편과 구간은 6 및8주간 침출시킨 구간에서 약 28%로 높게 나타났다. 당도는 약 $11{\sim}13^{\circ}brix$, 총산도는 약 0.2%, pH는 약 4.8이었다. 가용성 고형분 함량은 완과 구간에서는 2.8% 전후로 함량변화가 크지 않았고, 절편과 구간에서는 $2.8{\sim}3.1%$로 나타나 침출기간이 길어질수록 고형분 함량이 증가하였다. 갈색도는 완과 구간에서는 $0.33{\sim}0.54$로 나타났고 절편과 구간에서는 $0.56{\sim}0.73$으로 나타나 절편과 구간이 완과 구간에 비해 흡광도 0.2정도 높은 수치를 보였으며 침출기간이 길어질수록 조금씩 증가하였다. 총 페놀함량은 갈색도와 유사한 경향을 보였고, 절편과 구간이 완과 구간에 비해 약 0.2 mg% 높게 나타나 수치적으로는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 상기에서 설정된 완과 구간을 대량 침출시킨 복숭아 리큐르의 메탄올 함량은 침출기간이 길어질수록 증가하였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었고 약 50 ppb로 극미량 검출되었다. 유기산은 oxalic, malic 및 citric acid가 검출되었고, 유리당은 fructose, glucose, sucrose 및 maltose가 검출되었다. 따라서 키토산을 첨가한 복숭아 리큐르는 완과 8주간 침출조건이 전반적으로 품질이 우수하였다.