• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.45-48
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• 2006

Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and Aldehyde dehydroganase (ALDH) activities of turnip extracts with ultrasonification at $60,\;100^{\circ}C$ temperature were investigated. Ultrasonification extracts showed a increase as compared with the normal extracts. ALDH activities were high than ADH activities. So, turnip extracts was shown efficient plants in alcohol oxidation. Appraisers liked powder extracts better than liquid extracts in sensory score.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.31-39
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• 2020

Objectives Danggwisoo-san and Jakyakgamcho-tang are frequently prescribed for traffic accident patients in Korea. The aim of this study was to examine index compound analysis, antioxidant activity and amount of starch measurement by extraction method. Methods Danggwisoo-san and Jakyakgamcho-tang were extracted with water and 70% ethanol. Antioxidant activity was measured by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and ferric reducing antioxidant power according to the standard protocol. The contents of the indicator components nodakenin, paeoniflorin, and glycyrrhizin were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. All starches were hydrolyzed and then total D-glucose was measured and compared. Results Antioxidant activity was excellent in 70% ethanol in all assays. The index component was jagged because its solubility was different depending on the extraction solvent. Starch content was significantly lower in 70% alcohol extract than water extract. Conclusions The results of this study showed that physiological activities and components are different according to extraction conditions. Each herbal medicine has a suitable extraction solvent. Also, the difference in starch content is an object to be considered as it may affect digestion and absorption.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.965-970
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• 2008

The separation of sulfone components using light cycle oil(LCO) after oxidation was carried out by solvent extraction method using various polar solvents such as water, n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP), dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, dimethyl formamide, and methyl alcohol. It was found that phase separation between LCO layer and solvent occurred under mixed solvent adding a proper amount of water. The mixture solvent of NMP and water was a promising extraction solvent due to the selective removal and high distribution coefficient of sulfone component in LCO. 99.5% over of sulfur contents in LCO can be removed by 4 stages equilibrium extraction.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.750-758
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• 1994

Flavour components of seven Korean folk sojues, five Chinese kaoliangchiews and Japanese shochu were determined by GC and GC-MS after solid phase extraction with polydivinyl benzene. Less volatile ethyl succinate and ethyl pelargonate were present in Korean folk sojues while volatile ethyl acetate and ethyl butyrate in Chinese kaoliangchiews. In the case of alcohols, the amount of isopentyl alcohol was relatively higher than that of isobutyl alcohol or n-propyl alcohol in Korean folk sojues. On the contrary, less volatile n-propyl alcohol was present more than isopentyl alcohol in Chinese kaoliangchiews. Multivariate statistical analyses involving principal components analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA) were applied to the GC data. The results of PCA clearly demonstrate that the first principal scores of Korean folk sojues were similar but the second principal scores were different from each other. Classification of Korean sojues and Chinese kaoliangchiews into two groups could be conducted by DA. These results suggested that the common charateristics and identities as a distilled liquors was found in Korean folk sojues.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 1981

The infrared specta of wood powders have been recorded both in the untreated stste and after treatment through 1%-NaOH extraction(2hrs) and alcohol-benzene mixture extraction. Differences between the spectra of 3 species(Pinus densiflora, Populus alba x glandulosa and Quercus mongolica) can be explained chiefly in terms of theirs chemical compositions through comparisions of the spectra of pure cellulose powders. 1. The peak near $3400cm^{-1}$ from wood powders appeared at $3420cm^{-1}$, which was shifted to left compared with pure cellulose powders. 2. Many new peaks appeared at 2725, 1730, 1660, 1640, 1600, 1510, 1500, 1460, 1385, 1270, 830 and $810cm^{-1}$ etc., which were not appeared in pure cellulose powders. 3. Pinus densiflora spectra of untreated powders showed small peak appeared at $2840cm^{-1}$, which was the most characteristic band. There were peaks at $1240cm^{-1}$ in Populus alba x glandulosa and Quercus mongolica spectra of untreated wood powders. 4. Treated wood powder spectra showed weak or no peaks at near $1730cm^{-1}$ and also at near $2920cm^{-1}$. $2840cm^{-1}$, near $1385-1365cm^{-1}$, near $1235cm^{-1}$ and $1110-1095cm^{-1}$ etc. 5. The Alcohol-benzene extractive spectrum from Pinus densiflora showed many peaks at $3600-2300cm^{-1}$, $3100-2800cm^{-1}$, $1700cm^{-1}$, $1450cm^{-1}$ and $1375cm^{-1}$ etc. The most characteristic band of the extractives appeared at $3100-2900cm^{-1}$.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.194-197
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: Herbal extracts have been screened for their inhibitory effect of seed germination and root development on weeds, but there is a scarcity of reports for crop growth regulation. The objective of this research was to develop a growth inhibitor on Brassica campestris, and its effective extraction method from herbal medicine extract. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighty four herbal medicine extracts were tested for their plant growth inhibition activity on B. campestris. The alcohol extracts of Artemisia annua, Cinnamomum cassia, and Mentha arvensis inhibited over 30% of germination and the extract of A. annua, and C. cassia inhibited over 70% of radicle growth at 0.1 % w/w treatment. The partially purified extracts of A. annua, and C. cassia with dichloromethane and hexane showed stronger radicle growth inhibition than the crude extracts on B. campestris. The diethyl ether extract of A. annua showed a similar 50% radicle growth inhibition ($RI_{50}$ = 45 mg/L) to its partially purified extract with dichloromethane or hexane, but the diethyl ether extract of C. cassia showed a worse $RI_{50}$ than the purified extract. CONCLUSION: The alcohol extracts of A. annua, and C. cassia showed potent radicle growth inhibition properties on B. campestris. Diethyl ether proved to be a good solvent for simple extraction from A. annua.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.223-240
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• 2016

In this study, poly(vinyl-alcohol) and water insoluble ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin polymer (${\beta}$-CDP) cross-linked with citric acid, have been used as macrocyclic carrier in the preparation of polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) for aniline (as molecule model) extraction from aqueous media. The obtained membranes were firstly characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and water swelling test. The transport of aniline was studied in a two-compartment transport cell under various experimental conditions, such as carrier content in the membranes, stirring rate and initial aniline concentration. The kinetic study was performed and the kinetic parameters were calculated as rate constant (k), permeability coefficient (P) and flux (J). These first results demonstrated the utility of such polymeric membranes for environmental decontamination of toxic organic molecules like aniline. Predictive modeling of transport flux through these materials was then studied using design of experiments; the design chosen was a two level full factorial design $2^k$. An empirical correlation between aniline transport flux and independent variables (Poly ${\beta}$-CD membrane content, agitation speed and initial aniline concentration) was successfully obtained. Statistical analysis showed that initial aniline concentration of the solution was the most important parameter in the study domain. The model revealed the existence of a strong interaction between the Poly ${\beta}$-CD membrane content and the stirring speed of the source solution. The good agreement between the model and the experimental transport data confirms the model's validity.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.75-77
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• 2010

Until now, the main treatment for impotence has been the vasodilator injection, penile implants and etc. Among many methods, most effective way is known to be the medical therapy. The oral drug for an impotence remedy has to be above all, effective to the erection, and second, safety when taking in long-term. However, so far the drug in such condition and sufficiency has not been discovered. Consequently, it is crucial to develop the new medicine, made of natural materials only, without any uncertainty of side effect. The silkworm is very difference in physiological chemical change according to growth stage. Therefore the functional effect shows a very big difference according to preparation method with a growth stage. This research carry out the experiment with the pupa powder immediately before the eclosion, eclosion adult, the pupa extract immediately before the eclosion, and the silkworm powder of 5 instar 3rd day. The result showed not a big chance in weight, feed and water intake quantity. But testosterone hormone secretion effects of the freeze drying powder of the pupa immediately before the eclosion was very high 7.31 ng/ml, compared to 2.37 ng/ml of non treatment and 2.67 ng/ml of alcohol extraction method. As this result, the freeze drying pupa powder of the pupa immediately before the eclosion was confirmed to promote the secretion of the testosterone hormone more than alcohol extraction method of existing.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.65-80
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• 1980

Processing conditions of the krill products such as paste food, krill protein concentrate, seasoned dried krill, powdered seasoning, meat ball, and snack have been examined and the quality was evaluated chemically and organoleptically. In the processing of paste food, krill juice was yielded $71\%$ and krill scrap $29\%$. The yields of paste and broth from the krill juice showed $53\%$ and $43\%$, respectively. In amino acid composition of the krill paste, proline, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, and leucine were abundant, while histidine, methionine, tyrosine, serine and threonine were poor. The optimum condition for solvent extraction in the processing of krill protein concentrate was the 5 times repetitive extraction using isopropyl alcohol at $80^{\circ}C$ for 5 mins. The yield of krill protein concentrate when used fresh frozen materials was $10.2\%$ in isopropyl alcohol solvent and $8.8\% in ethyl alcohol, and when used preboiled frozen materials, the yield was $13.0\%$ in isopropyl alcohol and $11.8\%$ in ethyl alcohol. Amino acid composition of krill protein concentrate showed a resemblance to that of fresh frozen krill meat. In quality comparison of the seasoned dried krill, hot air dried krill was excellent as raw materials and sun dried krill was slightly inferior to hot air dried krill, but preboiled frozen krill showed the poorest quality. The result of quality evaluation for seasoning made by combination of dried powdered krill, parched powdered sesame, salt, powdered beef extract, monosodium glutamate, powdered red pepper and ground pepper showed that the hot air dried krill was good in color and sundried krill was favorable in flavor. When krill meat ball was prepared using wheat flour, monosodium glutamate and salt as side materials, the quality of the products added up to $52\%$ of krill meat was good and the difference in quality upon the results of the organoleptic test for raw materials was not recognizable between fresh frozen and preboiled frozen krill. In the experiment for determining the proper amount of materials such as dried Powdered krill, $\alpha-starch$, sweet potato starch, sugar, salt, monosodium glutamate, glycine, potassium tartarate, ammonium bicarbonate, and sodium bicarbonate in processing krill snack, sample B(containing $7.7\%$ of dried powdered krill) and sampleC (containing $10.8\%$ of dried powdered krill) showed the most palatable taste from the view point of organoleptic test. Sweet potato starch in testing side materials was good in the comparison of suitability for processing krill snack. Corn starch and kudzu starch were slightly inferior to sweet potato starch, while wheat flour was not proper for processing the snack. In the experiment on frying method, oil frying showed better effect than salt frying and the suitable range of frying temperature was $210-215^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.244-249
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• 1982

In order to reduce malic acid in low-alcohol content appel wine $(6{\sim}9%)$ malate-decomposing yeast, Schzosaccharomyces japonicus var. japonicus St-3 was used. Fallen apples before the harvesting season were collected and extraction was made. The apple extract was fortified with sucrose to make final sugar concentration of 18% in case of 9% base wine. High acid content in the primarily fermented apple wine could be reduced by following with malo-alcoholic fermentation using Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. japonicus St-3 in second half of alcoholic fermentation using Saccharomyces sp. R-11. Secondary fermentation was proceeded at low temperature $(7{\sim}8^{\circ}C)$ for 130 days using Saccharomyces sp. R-11. Prior to the secondary fermentation, two percent of sugar was added to the base wine in order to produce carbon dioxide gas. And each five percent of specially prepared malt extract and hop extract were added to the base wine in order to increase foam stability. Better shelf-life was observed by keeping high carbon dioxide pressure$(2.3{\sim}2.5kg/cm^2)$ in the bottle. It was assured that the better low-alcohol content apple wine could be brewed by the method which we used above.