• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 1998

The effect of dietary capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide, CAP) on drug-metabolizing enzyme activities was investigated in mice. Male ICR mice were divided into 4 groups and fed diets containing 0, 5, 20, 100 ppm CAP for 4 seeks. Hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities and serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminease activities were measured. There was no difference in hepatic alanine aminotransferse and aspartate transaminase activities among the groups. Hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 in CAP fed groups, but p-nitrophenol hydroxylase and the cytosolic acitivity of glutathione S-transferase activities were decreased in the dietary CAP supplemetned groups compared to the control. These results suggest that the dietary CAP at a low dose differentially modulates drug-metabolizing enzyme acitvities without causing hepatic toxicity.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.18-21
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• 1998

Bromobenzene 투여에 의한 간조직중 ATPase 활성을 관찰할 목적으로 흰쥐에 bromobenzene을 체중 kg당 400 mg을 복강으로 투여한 다음 4시간 후에 처치하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Bromobenzene 투여로 인한 체중당 간무게는 유의하게 증가되었으나 간조직중 단백질 함량은 감소되었다. 혈청중 alanine aminotransferase 활성은 대조군과 별다른 차이를 볼수 없었다. 따라서 본 실험조건에서 Bromobenzene 처치 실험동물에서 간조직은 가역적상해로 생각되며 이러한 실험동물모델에 $Na^+/K^+$-ATPase 활성은 유의하게 (p<0.05)증가되었으며 이때 V$_{max}$ 치역시 대조군에 비하여 증가 되었다. 이때 간조직중 glutathione 함량은 감소되었으며 glutathione S-transferase 활성 및 cytochrome P-450 함량치는 증가되는 경향을 보였다.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.133-145
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• 1993

The present study examined the effects of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) on acetaminophen (AA)-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats and also examined the effects of these compounds on the biliary excretion of phenolphthalein (PP) and the hepatic glucuronidation. Male Sprague-Da-wley rats were pretreated with BHA (0.75% in diet for 10 days) were given single dose of AA (600mg/kg, ip) and liver function was determined 24 hr later. Serum activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and histopathology were used as indices of hepatotoxicity.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.174.1-174.1
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• 2003

The protective effects of acteoside, a phenylethanoid glycoside, on cabon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity and the possible mechanisms involved in this protection were investigated in mice. Pretreatment with acteoside prior to the administration of carbon tetrachloride significantly prevented the increased serum enzymatic activities of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase in a dose-dependent manner. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.301.2-301.2
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• 2002

The present study was done to determine the effect of trolox C. a hydrophilic analogue of vitamin E. on alteration in cytochrome P-450 (CYP)-dependent drug metabolism during ischemia and reperfusion. Rats were subjected to 60 min of hepatic ischemia and 5 h of reperfusion. Rats were treated intravenously with trolox C (2.5 mg/kg) or vehicle (PBS. pH 7.4), 5 min before reperfusion. Serum alanine aminotransferase and lipid peroxidation levels were markedly increased after ischemia and reperfusion. This increase was significantly suppressed by trolox C. (omitted)

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.1037-1041
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• 2006

Purpose : The prevalence of obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) was increased in adolescents. This study was performed to observe the prevalence of elevated aminotransferase levels in adolescents and to assess the correlations between aminotransferase levels and obesity related parameters(body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio and insulin level). Methods : We obtained weight, height, waist circumference and hip circumference from 2,417 male and 1,219 female adolescents. Mean age was $15.7{\pm}0.7$ years old. We measured fasting insulin, aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT). Obese and overweight were defined as body mass indices(BMI) of more than the 95th, and 85th-94th percentiles, respectively, for age and sex. Results : The number of adolescents with obesity is 324(8.9 percent). 414(11.4 percent) subjects belonged to the overweight group. The average ALT level of obese, overweight and control groups were significantly different(obese : $32.1{\pm}34.3U/L$, overweight : $19.6{\pm}13.6U/L$, control : $12.7{\pm}6.7U/L$, P<0.001). The average AST level was also different according to group(obese : $27.8{\pm}16.5U/L$, overweight : $22.8{\pm}8.6U/L$, control : $20.8{\pm}8.5U/L$, P<0.001). AST and ALT were correlated with anthropometric parameters and insulin level. After multiple regression analysis, waist circumference was the significant predictive value for AST(r=0.234, P<0.001). Waist circumference, BMI and insulin levels were significant predictive values for ALT(r=0.435, P<0.001). Conclusion : The prevalence of abnormal aminotransferase was higher in the obese and overweight groups than control group. Waist circumference was useful to predict abnormal aminotransferase levels.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.217-225
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• 2003

Changes of plasma DNA contents and serum biochemical values were measured in rats administered with lead acetate to investigate the in vivo cytotoxic effects of lead and examine the usefulness of these in vivo cytotoxicity changes as indicators of lead exposure and diagnosis of lead poisoning. Rats were given once intraperitonealy with lead acetate (1.6, 8, 40 and 200 mg/kg b.w) and the changes of plasma DNA contents and serum biochemical values were measured at the time of 2, 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the administration of lead acetate. Plasma DNA contents began to increase at 2 hours after the administration of lead acetate in the treatment groups of 8, 40 and 200 mg/kg b.w dose-dependently and significantly compared with control group. These DNA increases of each dosage group were continued until 24, 48 and 72 hours and the maximum levels of DNA (4.02, 10.67 and 14.10 times of control) were arrived at 8, 8 and 4 hours after the each treatment, respectively. Among 10 serum biochemical indicators, the activities of creatine kinase were increased to maximum level (6.55 times of control) at 2 hours after the administration and remained to be significantly higher than that of control by 8 hours in the treatment group of 200 mg, however, after 48 hours, the levels in the treatment groups of 40 mg above were lower than that of control. The values of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase were higher than that of control from 2 to 24 hours in the treatment group of 200 mg. Maximum levels of these enzymes were 3.34, 3.00 and 3.19 times of control, respectively. Both of alkaline phosphatase and triglyceride values in the treatment groups were decreased compared with control. In the case of alka-line phosphatse, the values were significanly decreased from 24 hours and more severely decreased until 72 hours in the treatment groups of 40 mg above (p<0.01). The minimum value was 0.36 times of control in the 200 mg group. The values of triglyceride were significantly decreased in the tratment groups of 40 mg above (p<0.01), but the values were not different significantly among the treatment groups. This study demonstrates that plasma DNA content and serum biochemical values such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and triglyceride are valuable as biomarkers for exposure assessment and diagnosis of lead poisoning.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.176-182
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• 2014

Haw (Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge) has been used in traditional medicine for treating various ailments such as obesity and digestive trouble in Far East countries, including Korea. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of feral haw on hepatic functional enzymes in dyslipidemic rats. Four groups of male rats (Sprague Dawley strain) were fed different diets for 5 weeks: NND (normal-nondyslipidemic diet) group, NNDH (normal-nondyslipidemic diet + haw extract) group, CDD (control-dyslipidemic diet) group and DDH (dyslipidemic diet + haw extract) group. ALP (alkaline phosphatase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) activities were significantly higher in the CDD group than the NND group. However, haw extract supplement significantly reduced hepatic functional enzyme activities compared to the CDD group. Lipid deposition of the DDH group decreased compared to the CDD group. The size of adipose tissue decreased significantly in the DDH group compared to the CDD group. These results suggest that feral haw could be used as a food resource and functional food material.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.132-141
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of dietary metabolic energy (ME) on blood parameters in duck under heat stress. A total of 240 meat ducks Cherry valley (Anas platyrhynchos) were assigned into four treatment groups with a randomized block design for 42 days. The four treatments were: ME 2900 kcal/kg, ME 3000 kcal/kg, ME 3100 kcal/kg, and ME 3200 kcal/kg. Blood lipid profiles was higher in ME 2900 but lower in ME 3100 and ME 3200 than that of ME 3000 (p < 0.05). Blood aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were higher in ME 3100 and ME 3200 compared those in ME 3000 (p < 0.05). The blood red cell and platelet profiles were increased in ME 3100 and ME 3200, but reduced in ME 2900 compared to those in ME 3000 (p < 0.05). Among blood electrolytes, chloride ($Cl^-$) concentration was decreased in ME 2900 compared to that in ME 3000. Blood gas $PCO_2$ was reduced in ME 2900 compared to that in ME 3000 (p < 0.05). Blood immunoglobulin (IgG) level was reduced in ME 2900 compared to that in ME 3000 (p < 0.05). Level of stress hormone, corticosterone was increased in ME 2900, but decreased in ME 3100 and ME 3200 compared to that in ME 3000 (p < 0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.315-326
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• 2017

This study was investigated the biochemical mechanism on reducing blood lipids in second-generation rats fed diet with different omega 6 to omega 3 fatty acid ratio. The experiment treatment groups were classified into the groups with the omega 6 to omega 3 ratios of 0 (control group), 1:1, 8:1, and 19:1, respectively. The levels of the blood triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and glucose were lowest in the group with the omega 6 to omega 3 ration of 1:1. The levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and phospholipid were highest in the group with the omega 6 to omega 3 ration of 1:1. The HMG-CoA reductase activity was suppressed in the groups with the omega 6 to omega 3 ratio of 1:1 and 8:1 compared with that in the control group, but the excretion of sterol through feces was promoted. The blood omega 6 to omega 3 ratio decreased in a concentration-dependent manner depending on the increase in the omega 6 to omega 3 ratio within the ingested diet. The results of this study demonstrated a new finding that when the parent generation and second-generation rats ingested the diet with the omega 6 to omega 3 ratio of below 8:1, harmful lipids in the blood were reduced, the liver functions were maintained, and the growth was promoted due to the nutrient metabolism activation mechanism.